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Purpose: To evaluate the protective effect of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. polysaccharides (PCCL) on 5-fluorouracil-(5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis (IM) in mice. Methods: PCCL was orally administered at a dose of 20 mg·kg1 for 7 days and its protective effect on 5-FU-induced IM (5-FU, 50 mg·kg1 for 5 days) was evaluated by monitoring changes in body weight, degree of diarrhea, levels of tissue inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 1ß levels), apoptosis rates, and the expression levels of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2. Results: The severity of mucosal injury (as reflected by body weight changes, degree of diarrhea, height of villi, and damage to crypts) was significantly attenuated by PCCL administration. PCCL also reduced the levels of tissue inflammatory factors, the apoptosis rate, and the expression of caspase-3 and Bax, and increased Bcl-2 expression. Conclusions: PCCL administration may be significantly protective against 5-FU-induced IM by inhibiting apoptosis and regulating the abnormal inflammation associated with it.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Polysaccharides/therapeutic use , Cuscuta/chemistry , Mucositis/drug therapy , Fluorouracil/adverse effects , Protective Agents/analysisABSTRACT
Objective: To preliminarily screen out the estrogen-like quality markers of small grain Cuscuta chinensis from Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide reference for its subsequent experimental research and quality control. Methods: UPLC- Q-TOFMS/MS was used to qualitatively analyze the extract of C. chinensis and the fingerprints of different polar fractions were established. The estrogenic activity of different polar fractions was evaluated with uterine coefficient, endometrial thickness and serum estrogen level of mice. The bivariate correlation analysis and gray relational analysis were used to construct the composition-activity relationship between chemicals and the effects of estrogen for screening quality markers. And the content determination methods of the five quality markers were established. Results: A total of 10 quality markers related to the estrogenic effect from C. chinensis were found in the positive and negative ion scanning modes. They were hyperoside, astragalin, stigmasterol, neocuscutoside C, apigenin, kaempferol, 6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-α-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and 2,6-octadecadiynoic acid. The contents of the five quality markers were determined as follows: hyperoside (2.753 ± 0.097) mg/g, quercetin (1.139 ± 0.107) mg/g, apigenin (1.104 ± 0.047) mg/g, kaempferol (1.144 ± 0.079) mg/g and isorhamnetin (0.697 ± 0.074) mg/g. Conclusion: The quality markers of small grain C. chinensis from Heilongjiang Province can be screened out according to the composition-activity relationship, and the method for the detect the concentrations of the quality markers is accurate and stable.
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Objective To qualitatively analyze the chemical constituents in rats after intragastric administration of estrogenically active ethanol extract of Cuscuta chinensis. Methods The high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q/TOF MS/MS) was used to identify the prototypes and metabolites in rat urine. Results Twelve chemical constituents were identified in the drug-containing urine, including six prototypes and six metabolites. The prototypes are kaemoferol-3-β-D-glucuronide, 6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-α-D-glucopyranoside, aempferol-7-rhamnoside, chlorogenic acid, and apigenin. The metabolites are p-hydroxycinnamic acid, p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, isorhamnetin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, acetyl caffeic acid, and quercetin sulfate. Conclusion The method of HPLC-Q/TOF MS/MS is simple and rapid for the analysis of prototype components and metabolites in rats urine after oral administration of ethanol extract of C. chinensis, providing the basis for further clarification of the estrogen material basis of C. chinensis.
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Objective: To establish the HPLC-DAD fingerprints of Wuzi Yanzong Prescription (WYP) and to identify the characteristic peaks ion and preparations-medicinal materials peak pattern matching. Methods: The HPLC-DAD analysis was carried out using acetonitrile-0.4% phosphate acid aqueous solution at the flow out on a Waters Symmetry® C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), using a mobile phase of rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm and column temperature was maintained at 35 ℃. Similarity on 12 batches of WYP was estimated, and peak pattern matching of the original medicine was conducted. Results: The results showed that 24 common peaks were defined as follows: The peaks No. 1 was gallic acid, No. 4 was geniposidic acid, No. 8 was chlorogenic acid, No.19 was hyperin, No. 20 was isoquercitrin, No. 21 was acteoside, No. 22 was kaempferol 3-rutinoside, and No. 23 was isoacteoside. The peak pattern matching showed that WYP had 8 (No. 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, and 18), 10 (No. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 19, 20, and 24), 7 (No. 1, 3, 7, 13, 14, 17, and 22), 3 (No. 4, 21, 23), and 1 (No. 3) matching peaks with Lycium barbarum, Cuscuta chinensis, Rubus chingii, Plantago asiatica, and Schisandra chinensis, respectively. The fingerprint similarity among the samples was all over 0.959. The fingerprint similarity between the chromatographic control fingerprint and samples was all over 0.979. Conclusion: Similarity evaluation combined with the peak matching of fingerprint for WYP could provide the scientific and simplicity methods for its identification and quality control.
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This work aimed to study the effect of putrescine at (50, 100 and 200 ppm ) as a chemical growth regulator , moringa leaves extract ( 3.5%, 7% and 10 %) as a natural extract and control (distilled water ) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity of jojoba plants grown in earthenware pots. Application of MLE (10 %) caused an increase in plant height by 103.24%, meanwhile (7 %) of MLE led to 4.08% increment in the branches number as compared to control plants. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids recorded the highest concentrations by treating with MLE (10 %) followed by putrescine (50 ppm).Total phenolic, flavonoid , tannin content and antioxidant activity of jojoba plants significantly increased with putrescine treatment at 50 ppm and these increments were 28.98%, 31.33%, 74.82% and 65.44%, respectively as compared to control plants. Also, foliar spray of MLE (7 %) led to highest increment of total phenolic, flavonoid and tannins (41.67%, 85.13% and 80.50%, respectively).Moringa leaves extract had the superiority in increasing reducing power ability it increased gradually by increasing moringa leaves extract concentration. Some changes in amino acids concentration were observed with putrescine (50and200 ppm) as well as total essential amino acids.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. METHODS: The chemical constituents of Cuscuta chinensis Lam were isolated and purified by silica gel, LH-20 column chromatography and preparation HPLC, etc. Their structures were identified by means of spectra comparison with authentic samples. RESULTS: Ten compounds were obtained and identified as 5,3'-dihydroxy-3,6,7,4'-tetramethoxy flavone (I), 5,3'-dihydroxy-6,7,4'-tritermethoxy flavone (II), 5,7,3'-triterhydroxy-6,4'-dimethoxy flavone (III), quercetin (IV), hyperoside (V), kaempferol (VI), 5,7,3'-triterhydroxy-4'-methoxy flavone (VII), luteolin (VIII), 3-methoxy-chrysoeriol-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (IX), and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (X). CONCLUSION: Compounds I, II, III, VII, IX and X are isolated from this plant for the first time.
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Objective To study the effect of a polysaccharide from cuscuta chinensis lam (PCCL) on antisenility and its mechanism. Methods Sixty Kunming mice were randomized into 6 groups. The three PCCL groups were administrated with PCCL of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 orally, the positive control group with vitamin E of 200 mg?kg -1?d -1, the model group and control group with the same volume of control solution only. At the same time, the model group, the positive group and the three PCCL groups were subcutaneously injected of 5% D-gal at the dose of 0.5 ml at the nape, and the control with the same volume of saline solution. Seven weeks later, the MDA, SOD activity, GSH-PX activity in the liver and kidney of mice and lipofuscin (LF) in mouse brain were detected with the methods of TBA, Nitrate, DTNB and Sohal, respectively. The data were analyzed with SPSS software and the data between groups were analyzed with one-factor variance analysis. Results Thymus index and spleen index dropped, LF rose in brain, malondialdehyde (MDA) content rose and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) dropped in liver and kidney in senile mouse model. PCCL administration of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 made thymus index and spleen index rising, LF dropping in brain, MDA content dropping,SOD and GSH-PX LF rising in liver and kidney of senile mouse model. Conclusion PCCL may postpone senility, which mechanism probably connected with rising immunity, eliminating oxygen free radicals and antilipoperoxidation.
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Object To observe the effects of the flavonoids extracted from Cuscuta chinensis Lam. (FC) on the ovarian endocrine functions in female rats exposed to psychologic stress. Methods Sound, light and electricity were combined into a stressful stimulus to induce dysfunction on ovarian endocrine functions in female rats; to observe the effects of FC on the ovarian endocrine functions in female rats exposed to psychologic stress, by determining the changes of serum E 2, P and ascorbic acid levels in adrenal gland, and by weighing the pituitaries, ovaries and uteruses. Results FC increased the serum E 2, P and the weight of pituitaries, ovaries and uteruses obviously, but did not increase ascorbic acid levels in adrenal gland in female rats exposed to psychologic stress. Conclusion FC improves the ovarian endocrine functions in female rats.
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Object Polysaccharide constituents in the seed of Cuscuta chinensis Lam were investigated Methods Individual constituent was isolated and purified by DEAE cellulose and gel filtration chromatography, and its structural features were further studied by physicochemical constants, and spectral analysis Results Two polysaccharides, named H6 and H8, were obtained from alkalescent or boiling water extract fractions, respectively The molecular mass of H6 was 3 14?10 5 and that of H8 was more than 1 0?10 6 Both structures were found to be complex neutral heteropolysaccharides composed of Ara, Rha, Gal and Xyl Conclusion These polysaccharides were obtained from this plant for the first time
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The comparative study on the chemical components of Cuscuta japonica and Cuscuta chinensis Lam have been carried out with TLC, paper chromatography and HPLC. As a result, both possessed similar chemical components and same polysaccharide compositions. But the polysaccharide recovery of Cuscuta japonica is three times as high as that of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. Both of them have 16 kinds, of amino acids. The content of 9 kinds of amino acids of Cuscuta japonica was higher than that of Cuscuta chinensis. These findings suggested that the developement and utilization of resources of Cuscuta japonica be available.