ABSTRACT
Biofilms are surface-attached complex aggregates consisting of bacteria cells and extracellular polymeric substances. Cells in biofilms show strong resistance to antibiotics and immune-escape capabilities. Their motility and metabolic activities are quite different from those when they are in planktonic style. In recent years, applications of new image-capturing techniques together with new image-processing methods, have greatly advanced the development of bacterial studies. This review focuses on bacterial tracking techniques. We first present an overview of recent progress in applications of those techniques in biofilm research, especially in the areas of bacterial motility and biofilm regulation, including swimming, twitching, swarming and typical regulatory signaling pathways for biofilms. Then we give a prospect for future applications of bacterial tracking in other related microbial fields.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the influence of collective motion excitation on the anxiety/depression and the quality of life of COPD patients at stable stage? Methods Ninety-six patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)at stable stage were divided into the intervention group and the control group,both treated with regular medical treatment and general nursing?Collective motion excitation was implemented in the intervention group twice per week in 12 weeks? The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA),the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and the Short Form-36 Health Survey(SF-36)were used to assess all patients before and after the 12-week nursing? Result Compared to the control group,the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in HAMA ,HAMD and SF-36 scores at the endpoint of 12 weeks(P 0?05)? Conclusion The anxiety/depression and the quality of life can be improved with COPD patients at stable stage through collective motion excitation?