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Abstract Aim: Assess the effect of the performance order in the Concurrent Training (CT), Aerobic-Strength (AS), and Strength-Aerobic (SA), in the static balance, dynamic balance, and muscle strength in elderly people. Methods: The study involved 38 elderly people (men and women) aged 60 to 75 years old, divided into SA (n = 19) and AS (n = 19). Within 12 weeks, the aerobic training consisted of walking with intensity prescribed by the Borg's Rating of Perceived Exertion (6-20) and the strength training consisted of six exercises, with intensity controlled by Repetition Maximum training zones. Static balance (plantar pressure center area and displacement in bipedal support with eyes closed and open), dynamic balance (Timed Up and Go and Tandem Gait), and maximum dynamic strength of knee extension and bench press have been evaluated. For data analysis, Generalized Estimating Equations with Bonferroni's complimentary test have been used (α = 0.05). Results: For static and dynamic balance there hasn't been an effect on the 12 weeks of combined training, regardless of the performance order. Both groups maintained the balance variables within the intervention period. When it comes to strength, there has been a noticeable improvement in lower limbs (SA: 16%; AS: 11%; p < 0,001) and upper (SA: 22.0%; AS: 8.7%; p < 0.001), without any differences between the groups. Conclusion: So there is no difference between the order of performance of the CT in the variables of static and dynamic balance and strength of upper and lower limbs. Furthermore, after training, there have been significant improvements in the variables of strength and maintenance of static and dynamic balance.
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Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aging , Exercise , Muscle Strength , Muscle Stretching Exercises , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Combined training is a new training mode which combines the education of profes-sional degree of clinical medicine graduate and the resident standardization training. Xiangya hospital of Central South University has tried this kind of training mode since 2012. We draw lessons from the advanced training concept in America in combination with the practical situation of our hospital and have established theXiangya-Yalemodel of resident standardization training featuring with the Six Xiangya goals which areprofessional ethics, professional skills, patient safety, medical ethics, teamwork spirit, innovation and self-improvement, highlighting the project manager responsibility system, 360 degree examination and assess-ment, assessment of the OSCE, Mini-CEX evaluation. Through comparing and analyzing the midterm exami-nation scores between the combined training group and non-combined training group, we have found that the combined training group is significantly superior to non-combined training group on clinical skills. In addition, the questionnaire survey results show that most graduate students have positive attitude tocombined training. They believe it will be helpful for them to improve the ability of clinical skills, med-ical practice, doctor-patient communication skills and theoretical knowledge, and contributes to the future career development. Combined training is one major initiative deepening the reform of medical health system and medical education which greatly promotes the development of our country health enterprise, although there still exist some flaws including training teachers, content, implementation, management and evaluation.
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Objective To compare the effects of combined aerobic and resistance training(RT)versus aerobic training (AT) alone on glucose control and risk factors for complications in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods The database was retrieved from PubMed,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library and SportDicus.The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CT versus AT on type 2 diabetic patients were included.The data were analyzed with RevMan5.1.Results Six RCTs were included.The meta-analysis showed that compared with AT,CT improved glucose control,blood lipids,and decreased abdoninal fat.The difference of CT versus AT on blood pressure was not found.Conclusions The impact of CT on type 2 diabetic patients is better than AT.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined resistance training and aerobic training with protein intake after resistance training on body composition in obese middle-aged women. The subjects were 42 middle-aged women (age : 56.5±4.3 years, BMI : 26.6±2.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), who were classified into three supplementation groups: Protein group (PG), Isocalorie placebo group (IG), and Noncalorie placebo group (CG) by Double Blind Randomized Trial. The training program consisted of combined resistance training and aerobic training for 10 weeks, 5 times per week: twice a week in a university training room and 3 times per week at home. The subjects took the nutrient supplement immediately after each resistance training session. We measured body weight (Bw), body fat volume (Bf) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle of the thigh extensor group (Te), flexor group (Tf), and psoas major (Pm) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after the 10-week training period. Irrespective of group, Bw and Bf showed a significant decrease after the training period compared to before (p<0.001), and the CSA of Te muscle showed a significant increase after the training period (p<0.01). Moreover, the interaction of time×group was accepted in the CSA of Pm muscle (p<0.05), and the increase in muscle volume for PG was the highest increase among the three supplementation groups (p<0.05)(PG : 2.1±0.8 cm<sup>2</sup>, IG : 1.3±1.0 cm<sup>2</sup>, CG : 1.3±0.9 cm<sup>2</sup>). These results suggest that combined training in middle-aged obese women improves body composition, and resistance training with protein intake may increase the CSA of muscle of psoas major.
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The existing education model of preventive medicine postgraduate does have quite a few drawbacks,resulting in the contradiction between public health education and social demand. We should develop an innovative education model of preventive medicine postgraduate through reforming the training programs,strengthening the development of tutor team,training postgraduates'innovation abilities and carrying out some strategies such as "University-Health Institution" combined training program. In this case,compound preventive medicine talents will be cultivated to meet the needs of public health.
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The effects of different training programs on the force-velocity relation and the maximum power output from the elbow flexor muscles were examined in eighteen male adults. The subjects were divided into three equal groups (G 30, G 30+0, G 30+ 100) . Training for G 30 was performed with ten repetitions at 30% P<SUB>o</SUB> (P<SUB>o</SUB>: maximum strength), for G30+0 with five repetitions at 30% P<SUB>o</SUB> and five contractions with no load (0 % P<SUB>o</SUB>), and for G 30+100 with five repetitions at 30% P<SUB>o</SUB> and five isometric contractions (100% P<SUB>o</SUB>) .<BR>Maximum power was increased significantly in all groups after training. The amounts of power increase tended to be greatest for G 30+ 100, followed by G 30+0 and G 30. A significant difference was observed between G 30 + 100 and G 30 + 0. Maximum strength increased most in G 30 + 100, followed by G30 and G 30+0. The strength gain in G 30+100 was significantly greater than that in G 30. Maximum velocity increased significantly in all groups. No significant difference in velocity gain was observed between any pair of groups.<BR>These results suggest that isometric training at maximum strength (100% P<SUB>o</SUB>) appears to be a more effective form of supplementary training to increase power production than would no load training at maximum velocity.