ABSTRACT
La pandemia de COVID-19 demostró que las políticas públicas relacionadas con la propiedad intelectual y el derecho de la competencia no fueron adecuadas o suficientemente articuladas para permitir el acceso oportuno de la población a las vacunas de manera equitativa, debido a distorsiones en su fabricación, distribución y venta cuando éstas estuvieron disponibles durante la pandemia. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar, desde una perspectiva jurídica, si los problemas observados se originan en una inadecuada aplicación de la legislación que regula la propiedad intelectual y su relación con otras políticas públicas vinculadas a la competencia, o, eventualmente, en el ejercicio abusivo de tales derechos, y que, como consecuencia, distorsionaría el proceso de competencia en los mercados nacionales y regionales.
The COVID 19 pandemic demonstrated that public policies related to intellectual property and competition law were not adequate or sufficiently articulated to allow timely access to vaccines in an equitable manner, due to distortions in the manufacture, distribution, and sale of COVID-19 vaccines when they were available during the pandemic. This research aims to analyze, from a legal perspective, whether the observed problems originate in an inadequate application of intellectual property legislation and its relationship with other public policies related to competition, or, eventually, in the abusive exercise of such rights, which, as a consequence, would distort the process of competition in national and regional markets.
A pandemia de COVID 19 demostrou que as políticas públicas relacionadas com a propriedade intelectual e o direito de competência não foram adequados ou suficientemente articulados para permitir o acesso oportuno da população às vacinas de maneira equitativa, devido a distorções na fabricação, distribuição e venda de vacinas COVID-19, quando estavam disponíveis durante a pandemia. Esta investigação tem como objetivo analizar, desde uma perspectiva jurídica, se os problemas observados se originam em uma inadequada aplicação da legislação que regula a propriedade intelectual e sua relação com outras políticas públicas vinculadas à competência ou, eventualmente, no exercício abusivo de tais direitos, e que, como consequência, distorceria o processo de competência nos mercados nacionais e regionais.
ABSTRACT
La competencia profesional comunicativa resulta una necesidad para el logro del desarrollo discursivo en las ciencias médicas, pero sucede que en numerosos casos se adolece de preparación didáctica por desconocimiento sobre competencia comunicativa. Es propósito de este texto fundamentar los presupuestos teóricos que sustentan los estudios sobre el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa para el desempeño profesional del docente de la educación médica superior. El texto constituye una salida del proyecto de investigación no asociado al programa Perfeccionamiento de competencias profesionales en el contexto de la salud que lidera el Centro de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanísticas en Salud. Se efectúo la búsqueda en bibliografía impresa y digital certificada, se consultaron bases de datos como SciELOCuba, SciELO Regional, los sitios web Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud. El estudio de documentos propició la determinación de los presupuestos teóricos que sustentan el estudio que se desarrolló desde enero de 2021 a diciembre de 2023.
The talkative professional competition is vital in the educational one that imparts the subject History of Cuba in the Medical Sciences, but, it happens that in numerous cases didactic preparation suffers due to lack of knobbledge and communicative competence. It is purpose of this text to substantiate the theoretical assumptions that support studies on the development communicative for the professional performance of Cuban history teachers. It not belongs to the project associated to program: Improvement of professional competitions in the context of the health that leads the Center of Development of the Social and Humanistic Sciences in Health 2021-2023. You makes the search scientifically in certified printed and digital bibliography, databases like SciELOCuba are consulted, Regional SciELO, the places web Pan-American Organization of the Health, World Organization of the Health. The study of documents propitiated the elements to apply for the professors of the subject to reach the professional competition in the formative process.
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Nursing skill competitions are the wind vane for clinical nursing development, and the teaching concepts, proposition forms, and evaluation systems demonstrated by competitions have a strong reference value for nursing teaching. This article introduces the knowledge selection and integration from nursing-related courses according to the problems and objectives to be solved by drawing on the STEM education concept in comprehensive nursing practical training in the context of integration of competition and education. Realistic problem scenarios can be created with clinical cases as the carrier or main line, and then the Tanner clinical judgment model is used to guide students to conduct a comprehensive analysis of cases, thereby helping students to develop clinical thinking ability and comprehensive practical skills, so as to bridge the gap between the contents learned at school and nursing work in clinical practice and help nursing students adapt to clinical practice as soon as possible.
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We conducted a large-scale survey of sports injuries in college athletes. This study aimed to investigate trends in sports injuries and disabilities among college athletes by gender, discipline, individual and team competition, contact and noncontact competition, and other competition characteristics. A total of 1,137 college athletes (786 men and 351 women) were surveyed. A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the club, regularity, and history of sports injuries and disorders (presence/absence, severity, time of injury, site of injury, diagnosis, and recurrence). The prevalence of sports injuries among college athletes was 59.7%. The prevalence was 74.7% in team and contact sports, with ankle and knee ligament injuries accounting for most injuries. The second highest prevalence rate was 66.7% for individual/contact sports, where martial arts-type sports are common. Elbow injuries were common due to the characteristics of martial arts-type sports. Chronic sports injuries of the ankle were common in noncontact/individual sports, and shoulder joint disorders were common in noncontact/team sports. Different trends in sports injuries and disabilities were found depending on the sport characteristics. Considering the characteristics of the sports is necessary to prevent sports injuries and disabilities.
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Objective To analyze the competition status and spatial autocorrelation of Beijing medical market from 2015 to 2019.Methods The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index(HHI)was used to calculate the degree of market competi-tion in 16 districts of Beijing,and the Moran index was used to calculate the spatial autocorrelation of market compe-tition.Results Except for the number of discharged patients,the average HHI of the number of health technicians,the number of beds and the total number of medical visits in 16 medical markets in Beijing from 2015 to 2019 showed a downward trend between 0.2 and 0.4,and the spatial global Moran index of the HHI index was all less than 0,showing a spatial negative correlation with the degree of competition in the medical market.Conclusion The medical market competition in Beijing is strengthened,the competition gap between urban and rural areas is large,and the competition in adjacent markets is mutually exclusive.It is suggested to strengthen the differentiated develop-ment of hospitals,strengthen the balanced layout between regions,and promote the low-competitive market with cross-regional medical association,forming a positive spillover effect.
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Abstract The red gum lerp psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), an insect pest originating in Australia and which feeds only on Eucalyptus L'Hér. (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) plants, has spread to several countries. The populations of this insect commonly reach high populations on Eucalyptus plants since its entry into Brazil, and also indicated an unrecorded behavioral. The objectives of this study were to describe a peculiar adaptation in the feeding habit of G. brimblecombei and to register the new habit. The oviposition and feeding by G. brimblecombei, commonly, on the leaves of Eucalyptus, started to occur, also, on lignified twigs. This suggests a not yet recorded adaptation of this insect to reduce insect × plant intraspecific competition.
Resumo O psilídeo de concha, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), um inseto praga originário da Austrália e que se alimenta apenas de plantas de Eucalyptus L'Hér. (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), se espalhou por vários países. Esse inseto, geralmente, atinge grandes populações em plantas de Eucalyptus desde sua entrada no Brasil e, também, indicou um comportamento diferente. Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever uma adaptação peculiar no hábito alimentar de G. brimblecombei e registrar o novo hábito. A oviposição e alimentação por G. brimblecombei, geralmente, nas folhas de Eucalyptus, passaram a ocorrer, também, em ramos lignificados. Isso sugere uma adaptação diferente desse inseto para reduzir a competição intraespecífica inseto × planta.
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BACKGROUND: Fibrous scars frequently form at the sites of bone nonunion when attempts to repair bone fractures have failed. However, the detailed mechanism by which fibroblasts, which are the main components of fibrous scars, impede osteogenesis remains largely unknown. RESULTS: In this study, we found that fibroblasts compete with osteogenesis in both human bone nonunion tissues and BMP2-induced ectopic osteogenesis in a mouse model. Fibroblasts could inhibit the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via direct and indirect cell competition. During this process, fibroblasts modulated the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs. Knocking down YAP could inhibit osteoblast differentiation of MSCs, while overexpression of nuclear-localized YAP-5SA could reverse the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation of MSCs caused by fibroblasts. Furthermore, fibroblasts secreted DKK1, which further inhibited the formation of calcium nodules during the late stage of osteogenesis but did not affect the early stage of osteogenesis. Thus, fibroblasts could inhibit osteogenesis by regulating YAP localization in MSCs and secreting DKK1. CONCLUSIONS: Our research revealed that fibroblasts could modulate the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs, thereby inhibiting their osteoblast differentiation. Fibroblasts could also secrete DKK1, which inhibited calcium nodule formation at the late stage of osteogenesis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Mice , Osteogenesis/physiology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Osteoblasts , Cell Differentiation , Calcium , Cicatrix , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , FibroblastsABSTRACT
The red gum lerp psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), an insect pest originating in Australia and which feeds only on Eucalyptus L'Hér. (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) plants, has spread to several countries. The populations of this insect commonly reach high populations on Eucalyptus plants since its entry into Brazil, and also indicated an unrecorded behavioral. The objectives of this study were to describe a peculiar adaptation in the feeding habit of G. brimblecombei and to register the new habit. The oviposition and feeding by G. brimblecombei, commonly, on the leaves of Eucalyptus, started to occur, also, on lignified twigs. This suggests a not yet recorded adaptation of this insect to reduce insect × plant intraspecific competition.
O psilídeo de concha, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), um inseto praga originário da Austrália e que se alimenta apenas de plantas de Eucalyptus L'Hér. (Myrtales: Myrtaceae), se espalhou por vários países. Esse inseto, geralmente, atinge grandes populações em plantas de Eucalyptus desde sua entrada no Brasil e, também, indicou um comportamento diferente. Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever uma adaptação peculiar no hábito alimentar de G. brimblecombei e registrar o novo hábito. A oviposição e alimentação por G. brimblecombei, geralmente, nas folhas de Eucalyptus, passaram a ocorrer, também, em ramos lignificados. Isso sugere uma adaptação diferente desse inseto para reduzir a competição intraespecífica inseto × planta.
Subject(s)
Animals , Oviposition , Behavior , Eucalyptus/parasitology , Hemiptera/growth & developmentABSTRACT
The changes in socio-economic and technological factors have caused auto drivers in Mysore city, as well as other cities in India, to experience a variety of economic challenges. The current study work explores the economic issues vehicle drivers in Mysore City experience, as well as the elements that contribute to these issues. A survey of 80 Auto drivers in Mysore city served as the basis for the study. The results indicate that drivers of autos have a range of financial issues, including poor pay, high operating costs, competition from cab services that operate through apps and a lack of social security benefits. The study finishes with suggestions for legislative changes to enhance the financial circumstances of Mysore city's auto drivers. The study identifies the serious economic issues that affect Mysore city's auto drivers and makes recommendations for potential policy changes that the government may take to help them. Policymakers can guarantee that auto drivers can continue to offer residents vital transport services while also raising their level of life by addressing these issues.
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Introducción: Las relaciones sociales se erigen sobre la base de la comunicación entre los hombres y desde el punto de vista profesional implican el dominio de la competencia comunicativa que garantice la posesión de saberes que fortalezcan el resultado del intercambio entre los interlocutores. El texto tiene como objetivo exponer los resultados iniciales del proceso de caracterización y diagnóstico de la situación problémica asumida por el proyecto de investigación Estrategia de superación dirigido al desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa profesional en el contexto de la relación personal de salud-paciente en el nivel primario de atención. Método: Es una investigación perteneciente a proyecto asociado a programa sectorial del tipo Investigación + Desarrollo que, por su carácter, es observacional explicativa-causal. Se gestiona en el Centro de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanísticas en Salud. (CENDECSA), adscrito a la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey; entre enero de 2021 y diciembre de 2023. El estudio cuasi experimental, con un diseño pre y post intervención emplea una muestra aleatoria simple, que conforman profesionales del Policlínico Universitario José Martí, a los que se suman otros del territorio que participan en las acciones de superación que se acometen. Resultados: Se exponen los hallazgos del diagnóstico y caracterización de la situación problémica. Se aplicaron técnicas e instrumentos de investigación a pacientes, familiares y personal de salud. Se constataron insuficiencias que limitan el intercambio discursivo lo cual redunda en estados de insatisfacción que atentan contra el propósito de la interrelación en el proceso de la atención en salud. Discusión: Los resultados confrontados con investigaciones nacionales y extranjeras confirman la justificación del problema científico y la actualidad de la temática.
Introduction: Social relations are built on the basis of communication between men and from the professional point of view they imply the mastery of communicative competence that guarantees the possession of knowledge that strengthens the result of the exchange between the interlocutors. The objective of the text is to present the initial results of the process of characterization and diagnosis of the problematic situation assumed by the research project Overcoming strategy aimed at the development of professional communicative competence in the context of the personal health-patient relationship at the level primary care. Method: It is a sectorial investigation of the Research + Development type that, due to its nature, is explanatory-causal observational. It is managed at the Center for the Development of Social and Humanistic Sciences in Health. (CENDECSA), attached to the University of Medical Sciences of Camagüey; between January 2021 and December 2023. The quasi-experimental study, with a pre- and post-intervention design, uses a simple random sample, made up of professionals from the José Martí University Polyclinic, as well as cons from the territory who participate in the actions of overcoming that are undertaken. Results: The findings of the diagnosis and characterization of the problematic situation are exposed. Research techniques and instruments were applied to patients, relatives and health personnel. Insufficiencies were found that limit the discursive exchange, which results in states of dissatisfaction that undermine the purpose of interrelation in the health care process. Discussion: The results compared with national and foreign investigations confirm the justification of the scientific problem and the topicality of the subject.
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The main objective of the current study was to compare the kabaddi and Kho-Kho players of Murshidabad district, who was attained position at district level sports competition on selected psychological abilities through the selected test items such as: psycho-motor Ability, Concentration and sports Competition Anxiety Test between the players of kabaddi and Kho-Kho. For the purpose of the present study, finally sixty players were selected as subject. Out of total sixty subject, 30 subjects from the Kho-Kho have been selected on purposive and random sampling basis, who was won medal/position district level sports competition. All the subjects were involved in regular practise as a preparation for their targeted competition in their own sports. The data ware collected in raw from and analysed by calculating the descriptive statistical techniques and 't' test were applied. The level of significance was set at 0.05 level of confidence. There was significant difference was found in the Psycho-motor Ability in relation to the Kabaddi and Kho-Kho players. There was no significant difference found in relation to consultation ability measured through great taste between Kabaddi and Kho-Kho players. The significant difference watch found in the sports competition hello anxiety test (SCAT) in relation to the Kabaddi and Kho-Kho players
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Comprehensive experiments course is a bridge for higher vocational students to integrate theoretical knowledge with production practice. The article introduces that our biological pharmacy department is committed to the principles of "promotion of teaching, learning and construction through skills competition so as to integrate education and training". By taking penicillin fermentation process as an example, reform has been made in several aspects including teaching objectives, teaching content and teaching methods. We integrate the practical operation of fermentation equipment with virtual simulation software to develop a two-way interactive course. By reducing the subjective dependence, the quantitative management and evaluation of fermentation process parameter control were put into place, which efficiently integrated the skills competition with practical teaching. Improved teaching performance has been achieved over recent years, which may facilitate the reform and practice of similar courses based on skills competition.
Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Competence , Learning , Students , Technology , Biological ProductsABSTRACT
@#In order to comprehensivehy evaluate the stage of China in the global drug innovation, to further optimize the environment for drug innovation in China, and to unleash the vitality of drug innovation, this article mainly analyzes through comparison China''s situation of drug innovation in global competition from such perspectives as the current situation of the global drug R&D innovation market, R&D investment, product pipeline, policy support, and development trends, combined with the characteristics of China''s drug innovation development.It can be seen that China''s pharmaceutical innovation is faced with such practical problems as lagging behind some developed countries in terms of innovation development, companies bunching into research and development innovation, sudden research and development rush, and excessive dependence on capital markets for pharmaceutical innovation.Accordingly, this paper puts forward suggestions on continuously improving China''s new drug innovation environment, rationally selecting differentiated competition and new tracks, reasonably formulating drug innovation development strategies, guiding capital to return to innovative research and development, and constructing a "double cycle" strategy for drug innovation.
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Objective:To explore the application effect of Assessmen-Diagnosis-Plan-Implementation-Evaluation(ADPIE) teaching model based on skill competition in the teaching of "basic nursing" skills in higher vocational colleges.Methods:This was a quasi experimental study. Convenience sampling method was adopted to select students from two classes of 2021 vocational nursing major of Pingxiang Health Vocational College from February to July 2022 as the research objects, among which 53 nursing students from Class 9 were selected as the experimental group and 55 nursing students from Class 13 were selected as the control group. The experimental group was taught based on the ADPIE teaching mode of skill competition. The control group was taught according to the conventional teaching mode, and the academic record and humanistic care ability of the nursing students in the two groups were compared.Results:The three dimensions of humanistic care ability in experimental group were cognition (70.82 ± 9.20) points, courage (59.58 ± 6.04) points, patience (57.17 ± 5.26) points, total score (187.57 ± 20.50) points. They were higher than those in the control group,which were (67.40 ± 8.83), (55.98 ± 9.03), (54.37 ± 5.96) and (177.75 ± 20.82) points, and there were statistical differences between the groups (t values were 2.61 to 3.42, all P<0.05). In addition, the three dimensions of academic performance: ordinary score (6.10 ± 1.22)points, course score (57.10 ± 6.27) points, objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) score (27.09 ± 2.13)points, total score (90.29 ± 9.69) points, they were also higher than those of the control group (5.06 ± 1.33), (52.73 ± 5.44), (25.35 ± 3.29), and (83.14 ± 10.06), and the differences between groups were statistically significant ( t values were 2.52-3.34, All P<0.05). Conclusions:ADPIE teaching model based on skills competition can improve the course scores and humanistic care ability of nursing students, and the teaching effect is significant.
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Weifang Medical University has taken the lead in setting up laboratory skills courses to train talents in Shandong Province, and held test skills competitions every year to test the effectiveness of learning. Based on the course of testing skills, medical humanistic literacy has been cultivated, and the basic knowledge and basic operation have been learned; taken the skill contest as the medium, the learning results have been tested and the professional skills have been strengthened. Through the combination of test skill course and test skill competition to cultivate applied test talents adapted to the times, it can meet the needs of all kinds of related posts.
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With reference to the experience of School of Stomatology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, in participating in oral skill competitions, this article analyzes and summarizes the teaching issues reflected in skill competitions and refines the teaching strategies of consolidating theoretical foundation and cultivating clinical thinking as the basis, implementing the sterile concept and maintaining standard body position and posture as the key, and standardizing operating standards and strengthening hand skills as the important points. Participating in skill competitions can help to improve the emphasis on practical skill teaching of stomatology among students and establish innovative teaching models. Meanwhile, humanistic quality education is taken seriously to improve the comprehensive qualities of students through multiple channels.
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This study summarizes the skills training work of the National College Students' Clinical Skills Competition for 9 consecutive years, and explores a set of teaching methods suitable for the standardized training of residents of anesthesiology. This method is applied to the clinical operation, professional theory, clinical thinking, humanistic care, doctor-patient communication and other aspects of the standardized training of residents. The results show that the teaching effect of all aspects of standardized training of residents is more practical and efficient, and residents can quickly master the basic operation skills of anesthesia in a short time, indicating that the training method of clinical skills competition of college students can be applied in the standardized training of anesthesia residents, which can effectively improve the training effect.
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@#Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758)) larvae inhibit oviposition of house fly (Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758) by releasing a semiochemical, although in some situations, inhibition is only partial. We hypothesized that there is a certain period in the life cycle of black soldier fly when it can cause antibiosis of the house fly. Choice and non-choice tests were used to separately examine the effectiveness of each developmental stage of black soldier fly (egg, larval (phase I, II, and III), prepupal and pupal stages) and crude extract of larvae on house fly oviposition. Tests using each developmental stage were compared with controls lacking black soldier fly. The effects of black soldier fly on the number of newly hatched house fly larvae were evaluated and there was a significant difference between the test and control in the number of eggs laid by house fly for all phases of the black soldier fly larval stage. Strong inhibition was found in some black soldier fly larval phases. Significant differences in the numbers of house fly eggs oviposited in food containers treated with crude extract were found when compared with a control, confirming that chemicals from black soldier fly larvae resulted in inhibition of oviposition of house fly. The results from experiment also indicated that chemicals from black soldier larvae influenced the number of house fly larvae newly hatched from eggs.
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A pesquisa qualitativa em pedagogia do esporte conquistou reconhecimento acadêmico, mas ainda pairam dúvidas sobre sua aleatoriedade, subjetividade e falta de rigor com base na ética do/a pesquisador/a. Defendemos, apoiado em reflexões filosóficas, posição favorável à busca por rigorosidade metodológica na pesquisa qualitativa, porém, nossa posição não se baseia na cisão, mas no diálogo possível entre as premissas positivistas que sustentam a busca por rigorosidade e a possibilidade de pleno envolvimento do/a pesquisador/a com o campo de pesquisa. Diante deste contexto, apresentamos os nossos esforços na condução de um estudo de pós-graduação sobre competições de jovens, apresentando os caminhos metodológicos percorridos em busca de validação e confiabilidade dos procedimentos de coleta de informações e tratamento analítico aos dados qualitativos.
Qualitative research in sport pedagogy has conquered academic recognition, but doubts about its randomness, subjectivity and lack of rigor based on researcher ethics. We defend, based on philosophical reflections, a position favorable to the adoption of criteria of methodological rigor for qualitative research, however, our position is not based on a split, but on the possible dialogue between the positivist premises that support the search for rigor and the possibility of full involviment of the researcher with de research field. Thus, we present our efforts in conducting a postgraduate study on youth competitions, presenting the methodological paths traveled in search of validation and reliability for data collection procedures and analytical treatment of qualitative data.
La investigación cualitativa en pedagogía del deporte ha conquistado reconocimiento académico, pero aún quedan dudas sobre su aleatoriedad, subjetividad y falta de rigor a partir de la ética del investigador. Defendemos, con base en reflexiones filosóficas, una posición favorable a la adopción de criterios de rigor metodológico para la investigación cualitativa, sin embargo, nuestra posición no se basa en una escisión, sino en el diálogo posible entre las premisas positivistas que sustentan la búsqueda de rigor y la posibilidad de total involucramiento del investigador com el campo de investigación. Así, presentamos nuestros esfuerzos en la realización de un estudio de posgrado sobre competiciones juveniles, presentando los caminos metodológicos recorridos en busca de la validación y confiabilidad para los procedimientos de recolección de informaciónes y tratamiento analítico a los datos cualitativos.
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Resumo O foco de investigação deste artigo está no contexto extracurricular de aulas de futsal em escolas particulares de Porto Alegre. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a percepção dos professores da modalidade sobre a sua prática pedagógica em situação de participação de equipes escolares em competições. As atividades de cunho competitivo se mostram presentes nas escolas e impactam no aprendizado dos alunos e alunas. Os sete professores participantes da pesquisa foram entrevistados por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. As entrevistas, gravadas e transcritas, foram analisadas por meio da análise temática. Na prática pedagógica, a utilização de competições esportivas entre escolas parece ser central. As percepções dos professores entrevistados indicam as competições como algo que está presente e intimamente ligado à razão de existir da atividade; muitas vezes, acabam sendo utilizadas como um fim e não como um meio de aprendizado pedagogicamente estruturado.
Abstract The investigation focus of this paper is the extracurricular context of futsal classes in private schools in Porto Alegre. The aim of the study was to analyze the perception of the modality's coaches about their pedagogical practice in the context of participation of school teams in competitions. Competitive activities are present in schools and have an impact on male and female students' learning. The seven teachers participating in the research were interviewed through a semi-structured interview. The interviews, recorded and transcribed, were analyzed using thematic analysis. In pedagogical practice, the use of sports competitions between schools seems to be central. The perceptions of the interviewed teachers indicate competitions as something that is present and closely linked to the activity's reason for existing, often ending up being used as an end and not as a pedagogically structured means of learning.
Resumen El foco de investigación de este artículo está en el contexto extracurricular de las clases de Futsal en escuelas privadas de Porto Alegre. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la percepción de los profesores de la modalidad sobre su práctica pedagógica en situación de participación de equipos escolares en competencias. Las actividades competitivas están presentes en las escuelas y repercuten en el aprendizaje de los alumnos y alumnas. Los siete docentes participantes en la investigación fueron entrevistados a través de una entrevista semiestructurada. Las entrevistas, grabadas y transcritas, fueron analizadas mediante análisis temático. En la práctica pedagógica, el uso de competencias deportivas entre escuelas parece ser central. Las percepciones de los docentes entrevistados señalan a las competencias como algo presente y estrechamente ligado a la razón de ser de la actividad, muchas veces termina siendo utilizado como un fin y no como un medio pedagógicamente estructurado de aprendizaje.