ABSTRACT
El estudio se realizó con el fin de determinar la calidad composicional e higiénica de la leche cruda que consumen los habitantes de la zona urbana del municipio de Ipiales. Se determinó el porcentaje de muestras que no cumplen con las características óptimas para su comercialización y el porcentaje de muestras positivas a residuos de antibióticos betalactámicos. En la zona urbana del municipio de Ipiales, existen 180 expendedores ambulantes reportados, de leche cruda, Para calcular el tamaño de la muestra se aplicó la fórmula estadística de Blaha, con un nivel de confianza del 95%, con un error máximo admitido del 10% lo cual dio un total de 96 muestras, las cuales se procesaron en el laboratorio de análisis lácteo de la empresa Alquería de la ciudad de Ipiales. Los resultados que se obtuvieron en este estudio determinaron que ninguna de las muestras tomadas a los diferentes expendedores, cumplen totalmente con los requisitos en calidad composicional (decreto 616 de 2006 del Ministerio de la protección Social) e higiénica (decreto 2838 del 2006 sobre las características óptimas de la leche cruda) necesarios para asegurar un consumo inocuo de este producto. Para la presencia de antibióticos betalactámicos con SNAP test, el 5,2% de las muestras resultaron positivas y el 94,8% fueron negativas. La adición de neutralizantes en este estudio fue del 0%. En cuanto a la detección de adulterantes se encontró un 2% que corresponde a la adición de harinas.
The study was conducted to determine the compositional and hygienic quality of raw milk consumed by inhabitants of the urban area in the town of Ipiales. The percentage of samples that do not meet the optimal characteristics for marketing and the percentage of positive samples for beta-lactam antibiotic residues were determined. There are 180 reported raw milk sellers in the urban area of the municipality of Ipiales. To calculate the size of the sample the statistical formula Blaha was applied with a 95% of reliability and a maximum error of 10%. 96 not homogenized samples of raw milk, sold in the area were collected and later processed in the milk laboratory of Alqueria in Ipiales. The results obtained in this study determined that none of the samples of raw collected from different vendors complies with all quality (decree 616 of 2006 from the Ministry of Social protection) and hygienic requirements (decree 2838, 2006 concerned with the best characteristics of raw milk) necessary to ensure that the human consumption of this product is harmless. 5, 2% of the samples were positive for the presence of beta-lactam antibiotics with Snap test, while 94, 8% tested negative. The addition of neutralizers in this study was 0%. Additionally, it was found that regarding the detection of adulterants 2% corresponded to the addition of flour.
ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigated the impact of mastitisinfection on the quality of milk composition in small-scaledairy bovine herds. The purpose of this study was to finda milk quality somatic cell count (SCC) standard thatcould be used as an integral component of a controlprogram. In all, 396 quarter milk samples from lactatingcross-bred cows (Holstein & Zebu) were analyzed; 56% ofthese quarters were experiencing intramammary infection,with an overall mean SCC of 5.46x10(5)+/-2.30x10(4)cells/ml. Infected quarters had significantly (p<0.05) highermean SCC levels (6.19x10(5)+/-4.40x10(4)cells/ml) comparedto healthy quarters (2.65x10(5)+/- 2.40x10(4)cells/ml). Inhigh SCC milk and infected quarters, the concentrationsof non-casein fractions, sodium, chloride, and free fattyacid were higher (p<0.05), while the casein content,lactose, casein-to-total protein, potassium, and calciumwere lower (p<0.05) compared to normal quarters. Thesefindings suggest a mean SCC threshold limit of 5.46x10(5)cells/ml for the region. It was concluded that the resultscould be used to propose a milk quality SCC standard thatcan be used as an integral component of a control program.