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1.
Rev. Asoc. Colomb. Cien. Biol. (En línea) ; 1(32): 77-88, 20200000. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1379197

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Desde la educación primaria, el estudio de los seres vivos es uno de los contenidos obligatorios establecidos por los Derechos Básicos de Aprendizaje (DBA) que condicionan la comprensión biológica y que influyen en las percepciones y acciones de los estudiantes sobre la vida en general y los artrópodos en particular. Objetivo: Identificar las concepciones de los estudiantes de la escuela rural San Rafael, sede Pradera Alta, del municipio de Calarcá-Quindío sobre los artrópodos. Materiales y Métodos: En este estudio cualitativo con enfoque exploratorio descriptivo se empleó una encuesta estructurada y auto-administrada aplicada a 13 de los 15 niños, con edades comprendidas entre los 5 y los 11 años en los grados de 0° a 5° para indagar sus ideas previas acerca de las características generales de los artrópodos. Resultados: A partir del análisis con estadística descriptiva se evidenciaron diferencias entre las concepciones según el lugar de procedencia (campo/ciudad) de los estudiantes, su género y su edad; se reconoció la influencia de la "Waltdisneyzación" en la concepción que tiene el estudiante sobre las características morfo-ecológicos de estos animales. Conclusión: Se sugieren pautas y estrategias didácticas para lograr cambios conceptuales en los estudiantes sobre esta temática.


Introduction: From the primary education, the study of living beings is one of the obligatory contents established by the Basic Rights of Learning (DBA) that condition the biological understanding and that influence the perceptions and actions of the students on the life and the arthropods in particular. Objective: To identify the conceptions of the arthropods of the rural school San Rafael, Pradera Alta headquarters, in the municipality of Calarca-Quindio. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study with a descriptive exploratory approach, a structured survey was applied to 13 of the 15 children, aged between 5 and 11 years old, in grades 0 to 5, to investigate their previous ideas about the general characteristics of arthropods. Results: From the analysis with descriptive statistics, there were differences between the conceptions according to the place of origin (field/city) of the students, their gender and their age; and the influence of "Waltdisneyzation" on the student's conception of the morpho-ecological characteristics of these animals. Conclusion: guidelines and didactic strategies are suggested to achieve conceptual changes in students on this subject.


Subject(s)
Child , Learning , Arthropods
2.
Liberabit ; 24(1): 147-164, ene.-jun. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020045

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo analiza y sistematiza el cambio subjetivo en educación desde la revisión de las principales contribuciones que derivan de los estudios nacionales e internacionales de teorías subjetivas (TS) realizados a la fecha en contextos educativos. Se presenta una mirada general de las investigaciones de TS en educación y se analiza y sistematiza sus hallazgos en un modelo de cambio de TS en contexto educativo que considera (a) un marco paradigmático, (b) un proceso de cambio, (c) factores de cambio (d) e indicadores del cambio. En la conclusión, se propone una síntesis del proceso de cambio de TS en contexto educativo basado en estudios empíricos revisados y contrastables en futuras investigaciones, además de discutir sobre limitaciones necesarias de superar para continuar avanzando en la construcción de una teoría del cambio de TS en educación


The aim of this paper is to analyze and systematize subjective change in education based on a review of the main contributions derived from national and international studies on subjective theories (ST) conducted to date in the field of education. An overview of the research on ST in education is presented. Findings are then analyzed and systematized in a model of ST change in educational contexts that considers: (a) a paradigmatic framework, (b) a change process, (c) change factors, and (d) change indicators. In the conclusion section, a summary of the process of ST change in educational contexts is proposed, based on empiric studies reviewed and testable in future research, and the limitations that must be overcome in order to make strides in the construction of a theory of ST change in education are discussed.

3.
Liberabit ; 23(1): 110-122, ene.- jun. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-990150

ABSTRACT

Un tema central en la psicología contemporánea consiste en conocer cómo los sujetos desarrollamos nuevas estructuras cognitivas y cómo las modificamos. El presente artículo se propone abordar nexos entre nociones provenientes del campo del cambio conceptual y algunos aspectos de las teorías de Piaget y Vygotsky. A tal fin, se discuten las nociones de teoría implícita y concepto científico desde las teorías del cambio conceptual, así como las nociones de error y pseudoconcepto desde las teorías de Piaget y Vygotsky. Primero se realiza un recorrido por autores representativos del cambio conceptual con la finalidad de comprender el lugar que otorgan a las nociones de teoría implícita y concepto científico. Luego, se consideran algunos aspectos de las teorías de Piaget y Vygotsky reflexionando sobre el lugar que en ellas ocupan los conceptos de error y pseudoconcepto. Finalmente, se analizan y discuten puntos de encuentro entre teorías del cambio conceptual de Piaget y Vygotsky.


A central issue in contemporary psychology consists in understanding how we develop new cognitive structures and how we modify them. This article aims to address the links between the notions from conceptual change and some aspects from the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky. For that purpose, the notions of implicit theory and scientific concept were analyzed from the theory of conceptual change, and the notions of error and pseudo- concept from the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky. First, we examined the work of representative authors of conceptual change to understand the place granted to the notions of implicit theory and scientific concept. Then, some aspects from the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky were considered to reflect on the place that the notions of error and pseudo-concept have in those theories. Finally, we analyzed and discussed the similarities between the theories of conceptual change, Piaget and Vygotsky

4.
Psicol. Educ. (Online) ; 44: 1-13, jun. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-912333

ABSTRACT

El estudio de las representaciones sociales en el campo educativo se ha centrado en las creencias de profesores y de alumnos sobre la identidad profesional, la evaluación o la escuela. Entretanto se ha dedicado menos al estudio del papel y significado de las representaciones en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje. En este trabajo se propone estudiar las condiciones para incluir las representaciones sociales en el estudio del cambio conceptual de los conocimientos sociales. Además, se discutirán algunas relaciones entre las didácticas específicas y las representaciones sociales para interpretar los procesos de enseñanza/aprendizaje. En primer lugar, se presentarán algunas notas características del concepto de Representaciones Sociales, vinculadas a la cuestión que se abordarán. En segundo lugar, se mostrará el carácter problemático de las relaciones entre Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales y el campo educativo. A continuación se planteará el problema de la polifasia cognitiva en el cambio conceptual, proceso central para comprender la transformación de los conceptos durante la enseñanza y los rasgos que allí adquieren las Representaciones Sociales. Finalmente, se argumentará en favor de la inclusión de las Representaciones Sociales, pero situadas en contextos didácticos, para el estudio del cambio conceptual.


The study on social representations in the field of educational has focused mostly on the beliefs of teachers and students about their professional identity, evaluation, or the school, but there are very few studies about the place and meaning of representations on teaching and learning process. This paper explores the conditions to include social representations in the study of conceptual change of social knowledge. Moreover, it discusses the relationship between specific didactic strategies and social representations to interpret teaching and learning process. First, we will introduce some characteristic features of the S.R. concept related to our subject matter. Secondly, we will expose the problematic nature ofthe relationship between SR theory and the educational field. Then, we pose the problem of cognitive polyphasia in conceptual change ­ a key process to understanding the transformation of concepts during teaching ­ and the features that S.R. reach within that process. Finally, we argue in favor of the inclusion of S.R. in didactic contexts for the study of conceptual change.


A pesquisa das representações sociais (RS) na educação tem dado maior atenção às crenças de professores e alunos sobre a identidade profissional, a avaliação ou a escola. No entanto, tem se dedicado menos ao estudo do papel e do significado das representações no processo de ensino/aprendizagem. Neste trabalho são estudadas as condições da inclusão das representações sociais ao estudo do processo de mudança conceitual dos conhecimentos sociais. São discutidas algumas relações entre a didática específica e as representações sociais na interpretação dos processos de ensino/aprendizagem de tais saberes. Primeiramente, descrevem-se alguns traços característicos do conceito RS vinculados à questão a ser tratada. Num segundo momento, aborda-se o caráter problemático das relações entre a RS e o campo educativo. Apresenta-se o problema da polifasia cognitiva na mudança conceitual, processo central na compreensão da transformação dos conceitos no ensino, e os traços singulares que as RS adquirem nele. Por último, argumenta-se a favor da inclusão das RS no estudo dos processos de mudança conceitual, porém situadas nos contextos didáticos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Sciences , Teaching , Concept Formation , Learning
5.
Pensam. psicol ; 14(2): 63-75, jul.-dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-797398

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Identificar la manera en que los estudiantes transforman el modelo explicativo de la historia, a partir de una secuencia de aprendizaje de seis sesiones de clase, basada en la teoría de la complejidad. Método. Se seleccionaron por conveniencia 21 estudiantes de quinto grado, a quienes se les enseñaron las propiedades ontológicas emergentes que explican las relaciones multinivel de la violencia bipartidista y sus diferencias con las propiedades ontológicas directas. Se codificó la presencia o la ausencia de las propiedades ontológicas emergentes y directas en las producciones escritas de los estudiantes (n = 126), y se analizó cualitativamente la forma en la que se generaron las transformaciones en el reconocimiento y el uso de los atributos ontológicos que configuraron o no un cambio conceptual para explicar la historia. Resultados. Los estudiantes usaron y articularon piezas o atributos ontológicos de dos modelos explicativos (directo y emergente), y se identificaron tres tipos de transformación en la comprensión de la historia durante las sesiones. Conclusión. Aunque los estudiantes no lograron identificar todas las propiedades emergentes como un conjunto coherente de conocimiento, se encontró que articularon atributos directos y emergentes para explicar la historia, lo cual generó sesgos en la comprensión del fenómeno histórico.


Objective. This paper answered how students transformed their historical explanatory model, from a learning sequence based on complexity theory (in six class sessions). Method. Twenty-one fifth grade students were chosen by convenience, to whom we taught emergent ontological properties to explain the multilevel relationships of bipartisan party violence, and their differences with direct ontological properties. The presence or absence of the emerging and direct ontological properties were codified in the written work of the students (n = 126). We analyzed qualitatively how the transformations in the acknowledgement and the use of ontological attributes were generated in order to configure or not a conceptual change in the historical explanation. Results. The findings revealed that students used and articulated some ontological attributes from two different explanatory models (direct and emergent), and we identified three ways to change the historical explanations. Conclusion. Despite students failing to identify all emergent properties as a coherent body of knowledge, they articulated direct and emerging attributes to explain history, which generated biases in understanding the historical phenomenon.


Escopo. Identificar a forma na que os estudantes transformam o modelo explicativo histórico a partir de uma sequência de aprendizagem de seis sessões de aula baseada na teoria da complexidade. Metodologia. Foram selecionados por conveniência 21 estudante de quinto grado, os quais receberam ensino das propriedades ontológicas emergentes que explicam as relações multinível da violência bipartidária e suas diferenças com as propriedades ontológicas diretas. Foi codificada a presencia ou a ausência das propriedades ontológicas emergentes e diretas nas produções escritas dos estudantes e foi analisado qualitativamente a forma na que foram geradas as transformações no reconhecimento e o uso dos atributos ontológicos que configuraram ou não uma mudança conceitual na sua explicação histórica. Resultados. Os estudantes usaram e articularam peças ou atributos ontológicos de dois modelos explicativos diferentes (direito e emergente) e foram identificados três tipos de transformação na compreensão histórica durante as sessões. Conclusão. Embora os estudantes não conseguiram identificar todas as propriedades emergentes como um conjunto coerente de conhecimento, foi achado que eles articularam atributos direitos e emergentes para explicar a História, o qual gerou sesgos na compreensão do fenómeno histórico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Learning , History
6.
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine ; (12): 1678-1687, 2014.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-453955

ABSTRACT

The concept is cell of the theory. Starting from the concept, is the first and important step in building the modern basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Based on the early thought of Changes from phenomenon description to entity elucidation, we firstly introduce conceptual change in this paper and point out its basic meaning and role. To accurately apply the new concept, we have analyzed and demonstrated the concept and its expression object, the concept words' expression forms, as well as the concept explanatory power in details, and pointed out the problems because of ignoring these recognition in researching the concept of chinese medicine and its solutions. We have summarized the laws of the international scientific community realizing the conceptual change focus on the object, explore the unknown, propose new knowledge. and proposed the definition of conceptual change of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. According to preliminary findings we have generalized the goal and standard to achieve the conceptual change of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine and gave examples of proof. As such we have draw an conclusion: the concepts of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine form the scientific concepts of the modern basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine through conceptual change, and thus guiding the theory, teaching and thinking reform of the Chinese medicine.

7.
Univ. psychol ; 7(3): 725-737, sept. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-575879

ABSTRACT

El propósito de este artículo es argumentar que nuestras teorías de dominio sobre la realidad (y particularmente nuestras teorías sobre los fenómenos de la realidad social) se originan, por partes iguales, a partir de la influencia de la herencia filogenética de nuestra especie (teorías implícitas) y de las influencias culturales de los nichos cognitivos que hemos construido los seres humanos (modelos mentales). El cambio de nuestras concepciones espontáneas sobre el aprendizaje (la realista e interpretativa) a concepciones artificiales (la constructiva) requiere un ejercicio arduo y consciente que deberá estar en buena parte mediado por sistemas de instrucción intencional. En los contextos educativos, el rol del docente es esencial para que se produzca el cambio conceptual de las concepciones implícitas realistas a las constructivas.


The intention of this article is to argue that our theories of dominion about reality (and particularly our theories about the phenomena of social reality) are originated by both, the influence of the phylogenetic inheritance of our species (implicit theories) and the cultural influences of the cognitive niches that human beings have constructed (mental models). The change from our spontaneous conceptions about learning (both the realistic and interpretative) to artificial conceptions (the constructive) requires an arduous and conscious exercise that will have to be mediated by systems of intentional instruction. In educative contexts, the professors’ role is essential in order to create a conceptual change from the realistic implicit conceptions to the constructive conceptions.


Subject(s)
Learning , Psychology, Educational
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