Factores condicionantes de las varices en miembros inferiores y medidas preventivas en profesionales de enfermería de un hospital público del Perú / ConditioningfactorsofvaricoseveinsinlowerlimbsandpreventivemeasuresinnursingprofessionalsofapublichospitalinPerú

Objetivo: Analizar los factores condicionantes de las varices en miembros inferiores y el nivel de medidas preventivas en profesionales de enfermería del Hospital San Juan de Dios ­Pisco 2022. Material y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental y transversal, con muestra de 92 profesionales de enfermería, con técnica de encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario validado. Resultados: El 58,7% tuvo regular proporción de factores condicionantes de las várices, 47,8% con alta proporción, y 19,5% con baja proporción, por dimensiones se halló en cuanto a factores no modificables que el 55,4% tenía antecedentes familiares, 68,5% tuvo más de dos embarazos, y 79,3% con labor asistencial mayor de 5 años en factores modificables el 90,2% permanece 5 o más horas de pie, y 55,4% no realiza actividad física al menos 30 minutos diario. Las medidas preventivas fueron regulares en el 69,6%, buenas 20,7% y deficientes en el 9,7%, por dimensiones la alimentación fue mayormente regular 71,7%, actividad física deficiente 67,4%, y cuidados personales regulares 56,5%. Conclusiones: Los factores condicionantes de las várices son de regular proporción en los profesionales de enfermería del Hospital San Juan de Dios de Pisco, y las medidas preventivas son con mayor predominio regulares, existiendo brechas significativas que muestran la necesidad de mejorar las medidas preventivas a un nivel bueno para hacer frente a la gran proporción de factores condicionantes de las várices en este grupo de la población.

Objective: Analyze the determining factors of varicose veins in the lower limbs and the level of preventive measures in nursing professionals at the San Juan de Dios Hospital -Pisco 2022. Material and methods: Quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental and cross-sectional study, with a sample of 92 nursing professionals, using a survey technique and a validated questionnaire as an instrument. Results: 58.7% had a regular proportion of conditioning factors for varicose veins, 47.8% with a high proportion, and 19.5% with a low proportion, by dimensions it was found in terms of non-modifiable factors that 55.4% had a family history, 68.5% had more after two pregnancies, and 79.3% with care work for more than 5 years, in non-modifiable factors, 90.2% remain 5 or more hours on their feet, and 55.4% do not perform physical activity for at least 30 minutes daily. Preventive measures were regular in 69.6%, good in 20.7% and deficient in 9.7%. By dimensions, food was mostly regular 71.7%, physical activity deficient 67.4%, and regular personal care 56.5%. Conclusions: The conditioning factors of varicose veins are of a regular proportion in nursing professionals at the San Juan de Dios Hospital in Pisco, and preventive measures are more prevalently regular, with significant gaps showing the need to improve preventive measures at a good level to deal with the large proportion of conditioning factors of varicose veins in this population group.

O condicionamento de tecido peri-implantar na reabilitação estética de próteses unitárias sobre implantes: relato de caso clínico / Peri-implant tissue conditioning in the esthetic rehabilitation of unitary prostheses on implants: Clinical case report / Acondicionamiento del tejido periimplantario en la rehabilitación estética de prótesis unitarias sobre implantes: Informe de caso clínico

Introdução:A reabilitação protética implantosuportada de espaços edêntulos na região do sorriso é um desafio para o cirurgião-dentista. Para obtenção da estética em próteses unitárias sobre implante é necessário considerar aspectos como o correto posicionamento do implante e sua harmonia com os tecidos moles e duros. Objetivo:relatar o resultado estético e funcional de um tratamento com auxílio de coroa provisória associada ao condicionamento gengival na reabilitação final com coroa unitária implantossuportada. Relato de caso clínico: Paciente MJFA, 36 anos, sexo feminino, compareceu à clínica de Prótese Dentária do Departamento de Odontologia/UFRN queixando-se de trauma dentário com perda do elemento dentário 15 e necessidade de "ficar com sorriso mais bonito". Após instalação de implante com conexão cônica e período de osseointegração, foi realizada a confecção da coroa provisória sobre implante e iniciada sessões de condicionamento gengival por meio de acréscimos com resina acrílica, utilizando a técnica de pressão gradual sob a margem gengival. Observou-se uma melhora no tecido periimplantar e um perfil de emergência adequado. O caso possui proservação de 3 anos. Conclusões:a realização de condicionamento gengival previamente a prótese final é uma etapa importante para alcançar umareabilitação com característicasestéticas e funcionais semelhantes à de dentes naturais (AU).

Introduction:Implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous spaces in the smile areais a challenge for dental surgeons. To achieve pleasing esthetics in single implant prostheses it is necessary to consider aspects such as the correct positioning of the implant and its harmony with the soft and hard tissues.Objective:to report the esthetic and functional results of a treatment with the aid of a provisional crown associated with gingival conditioning in the final rehabilitation with a single implant-supported crown.Clinical case report:Patient MJFA, 36 years old, female, attended the Prosthodonticsclinic of the Department of Dentistry/UFRN complaining of dental trauma with loss of tooth 15 and the need to "havea more beautiful smile". Afterinstalling an implant with a conical connection and a period of osseointegration, a temporary crown was made on the implant and gingival conditioning sessions were initiatedby means of acrylic resin augmentations, using the gradual pressure technique under the gingival margin. An improvement in the peri-implant tissue and an adequate emergenceprofile were observed. The case has a 3-year follow-up period.Conclusions:performing gingival conditioning prior to the final prosthesis is an important step in achieving rehabilitation with esthetic and functional characteristics similar to those of natural teeth (AU).

Introducción: La rehabilitación protésica implantosoportada de espacios edéntulos en el áreade la sonrisa es un desafío para el cirujano dentista. Para conseguir una buena estética en las prótesis unitarias sobre implanteses necesario tener en cuentaaspectos como el posicionamiento correctodel implante y su armonía con los tejidos blandos y duros.Objetivo: informar losresultadosestéticosy funcionalesde un tratamiento con ayuda de coronas provisionales asociado al acondicionamiento gingival en la rehabilitación final con corona única implantosoportada.Relato de caso clínico: Lapaciente MJFA, 36 años, sexo femenino, se dirigióa la clínica de Prostodonciadel Departamento de Odontología/UFRN quejándose de un traumatismodental con pérdida del diente 15 y de la necesidad de "tener una sonrisa más bonita". Después de la colocación de un implante con conexión cónica y de un período de osteointegración, se realizó una corona provisional sobre el implante y se iniciaron sesiones de acondicionamiento gingival con aumentos de resina acrílica, utilizando la técnica de presión gradual bajo el margen gingival. Se observó una mejora del tejido periimplantario y un perfil de emergencia adecuado. El caso tiene un seguimiento de 3 años. Conclusiones: el acondicionamiento gingival previo a la prótesis definitiva es una etapaimportante para conseguiruna rehabilitación con características estéticas y funcionales similares a las de los dientes naturales (AU).

Recuperación aguda de la frecuencia cardíaca en una sesión de functional fitness y su relación con el consumo máximo de oxígeno

Fundamento: la frecuencia cardiaca de recuperación en esfuerzos físicos es un indicador relevante para los profesionales de la salud y el deporte. Objetivo: relacionar la recuperación aguda de la frecuencia cardíaca en una sesión submáxima de functional fitness con el consumo máximo de oxígeno en sujetos físicamente activos. Mètodos: estudio descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo con una muestra a conveniencia conformada por 14 hombres (edad 21,32±4,36 años; masa corporal 71,42±14,68 kg; talla 1,75±0,17 m; IMC 23,01±3,61 kg/m2) y 5 mujeres (edad 22,81±3,48 años; masa corporal 65,82±8,45 kg; talla 1,56±0,21 m; IMC 21,54±1,35 kg/m2), estos realizaron en dos días separados por 48 horas una prueba maximal e incremental cardiorrespiratoria (Course-Navette) y el WOD Pukie (150 burpees en el menor tiempo posible). Se registró la frecuencia cardiaca máxima, frecuencia cardiaca de la sesión, frecuencia cardiaca de recuperación (1, 2 y 3 minutos). Se aplicaron la prueba de normalidad de Shapiro-Wilk y el coeficiente correlacional de Pearson (95 % de confianza y un p-valor de 0,05). Resultados: el consumo máximo de oxígeno no se relacionó significativamente en hombres (p>0,05), en el caso de las mujeres fue positivo con la frecuencia cardiaca de recuperación en todos los lapsos, pero con significación en 1 minuto (r = 0,81; p<0,05) y 3 minutos (r = 0,93; p<0,01). Conclusiones: el consumo máximo de oxígeno se relacionó positiva y significativamente con la frecuencia cardiaca de recuperación en una sesión de functional fitness en mujeres físicamente activas.

Foundation: the recovery heart rate in physical efforts is a relevant indicator for health and sports professionals. Objective: to relate the acute recovery of the heart rate in a submaximal functional fitness session with the maximum oxygen consumption in physically active subjects. Methods: descriptive study with a quantitative approach with a convenience sample made up of 14 men (age 21.32±4.36 years; body mass 71.42±14.68 kg; height 1.75±0.17 m; BMI 23 01±3.61 kg/m2) and 5 women (age 22.81±3.48 years; body mass 65.82±8.45 kg; height 1.56±0.21 m; BMI 21.54± 1.35 kg/m2), they performed a maximal and incremental cardiorespiratory test (Course-Navette) and the WOD Pukie (150 burpees in the shortest possible time) on two days separated by 48 hours. Maximum heart rate, session heart rate, and recovery heart rate (1, 2, and 3 minutes) were recorded. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Pearson correlation coefficient (95% confidence and a p-value of 0.05) were applied. Results: the maximum oxygen consumption was not significantly related in men (p>0.05), in the case of women it was positive with the recovery heart rate in all periods, but with significance in 1 minute (r = 0 .81; p<0.05) and 3 minutes (r = 0.93; p<0.01). Conclusions: maximal oxygen consumption was positively and significantly related to recovery heart rate in a functional fitness session in physically active women.

Prejuízos da lombalgia à qualidade de vida de praticantes de musculação / The losses of low back pain to the health quality in bodybuilding

O exercício físico está presente no cotidiano com vários objetivos; dentre eles, a melhora da qualidade de vida. Apesar proporcionar benefícios à saúde, também patologias e sintomas podem incidir nesse tipo de atividade. Estes são desencadeados, na maioria das vezes, por comportamentos inadequados durante o treino, entre outros. Temos os benefícios da musculação para o corpo humano, porém essa prática constante também leva ao aumento da instalação de lesões musculoesqueléticas e sintomas, como a lombalgia. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar quais são os prejuízos da lombalgia à qualidade de vida dos praticantes de musculação. O método proposto foi de estudo quantitativo exploratório. Os participantes foram abordados em academias da cidade de Maringá, Paraná, Brasil, respondendo aos questionários Roland Morris e Short Form Health Survey. Os dados demonstraram um comprometimento da capacidade funcional e de aspectos sociais dos indivíduos afetados pela lombalgia e praticantes de musculação.

Physical exercise is present in everyday life with several objectives: among them, the improvement of the quality of life. Despite providing health benefits, pathologies and symptoms can also affect this type of activity. These are triggered, most of the time, by inappropriate behavior during training, among others. We have the benefits of bodybuilding for the human body, but this constant practice also leads to an increase in the installation of musculoskeletal injuries and symptoms, such as low back pain. The objective of this study was to identify the damage caused by low back pain to the quality of life of bodybuilders. The proposed method was an exploratory quantitative study. Participants were approached in gyms in the city of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil, answering the Roland Morris and Short Form Health Survey questionnaires. The data showed an impairment of functional capacity and social aspects of individuals affected by low back pain and bodybuilders.

La obtención de la vacuna cubana Abdala como proceso social, sus condicionantes sociales

El texto presta atención las condicionantes sociales principales de la obtención de la vacuna Abdala como proceso social. El primero, histórico fundacional, se relaciona con la actitud científica del médico cubano Tomás Romay y Chacón ante el conocimiento y la práctica de la medicina; el segundo, político de partida, tiene que ver con importantes decisiones políticas tomadas por el gobierno revolucionario cubano a partir de 1959 que sentaron las bases para las políticas públicas de ciencia, tecnología e innovación; el tercero, educativo revolucionario, más cercano en el tiempo, remite a la educación patriótico-revolucionaria adquirida por quienes iniciaron la biotecnología en Cuba, que les permitió resultados relevantes en los comienzos de este campo a nivel internacional; el cuarto, organizativo tecnológico, remite a las formas organizativas innovadoras empleadas en la obtención de la vacuna Abdala. El objetivo general que se persigue es caracterizar los referidos condicionantes principales.

SUMMARY The text pays attention to four main social conditions of obtaining the Abdala vaccine as a social process. The first, foundational history, is related to the scientific attitude of the Cuban doctor Tomás Romay y Chacón towards the knowledge and practice of medicine; the second, starting political, has to do with important political decisions taken by the Cuban revolutionary government from 1959 that laid the foundations for public policies on science, technology and innovation; the third, revolutionary education, closer in time, refers to the patriotic-revolutionary education acquired by those who started biotechnology in Cuba, which allowed them to obtain relevant results at the beginning of this field at an international level; the fourth, technological organizational, refers to the innovative organizational forms used to obtain the Abdala vaccine. The general objective pursued is to characterize the aforementioned main determining factors.

Atuação da Educação Física em um hospital universitário da rede pública: uso do método AMPARO / Proceeding of Physical Education in the public university hospital: use of the AMPARO method

A atuação do Profissional de Educação Física (PEF) na "Atenção intra-hospitalar" ainda é recente, não havendo evidências e informações padronizadas na assistência aos pacientes. Objetivou-se apresentar e promover o método "AMPARO" no Programa de Recondicionamento Físico (PRF) do Hospital de Clínicas das Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. AMPARO significa Avaliação Multidimensional, Planejamento, Atuação, Reavaliação e Orientação de atividades e exercícios físicos, visando aprimoramento das capacidades físicas relacionadas à saúde. Mais de 1600 atendimentos (avaliações e exercícios físicos) foram realizados. Completaram as 36 sessões do PRF, 31 pacientes, média de idade de 46,12 ± 13,58, sendo 25 (80,6%) do sexo feminino. Houve melhora na aptidão cardiovascular (p < 0,001), aumento da massa magra (p = 0,025) e aumento do tempo de atividade física moderada (p = 0,030). Conclui-se que o "PRF-Método AMPARO" vem se mostrando eficiente na assistência integral à saúde de pacientes atendidos por PEF em um hospital universitário da rede pública

The performance of the Physical Education Professional (PEP) in "Intra-hospital care" is still recent, with no evidence and standardized information on patient care. The objective was to present and promote the "AMPARO-method" in the Physical Reconditioning Program (PRP) of the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro. AMPARO means Multidimensional As-sessment, Planning, Performance, Reassessment, and Orientation of activities and physical exercises, aiming at improving physical capacities related to health. More than 1600 consultations (assessments and physical exercises) were carried out. Completed the 36 PRP sessions, 31 patients, average age 46.12 ± 13.58, 25 (80.6%) female. There was an improvement in cardiovascular fitness (p < 0.001), an increase in lean mass (p = 0.025), and an increase in moderate physical activity time (p = 0.030). It is concluded that the "PRP-AMPARO Method" has been proven to be efficient in the comprehensive health care of patients assisted by PE professionals in the public university hospital

Clinical efficacy of chidamide combined with BEAC preconditioning regimen in high-risk or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of chidamide combined with BEAC (camustine+etoposide+ cytarabine+cyclophosphamide) preconditioning regimen in high-risk or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) receiving autologous stem cell transplantation.Methods:The clinical data of 10 high-risk or refractory DLBCL patients with autologous stem cell transplantation after receiving chidamide combined with BEAC preconditioning regimen who were admitted to Xuzhou Central Hospital from March 2022 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The related complications during preconditioning and hematopoietic reconstruction process, the time of hematopoietic stem cell reconstruction after transplantation, and the short-term efficacy were summarized.Results:Of the 10 patients, 6 were women and 4 were men; the median age was 58 years old (27-68 years old). Hematopoietic reconstruction was achieved in all 10 patients after transplantation. The median time of neutrophil engraftment was 11 d (range 7-12 d), and the median time of platelet engraftment was 12 d (range 9-16 d) after transplantation. Hematological adverse reactions were described as follows: 2 cases had grade 3 febrile neutropenia, 1 case had grade 4 febrile neutropenia, 3 cases had grade 2 anemia, and 1 case had grade 3 anemia. Non-hematological adverse reactions were described as follows: 1 case had grade 2 nausea with vomiting, and 1 case had diarrhea. Eight patients were followed-up for >3 months after transplantation, 6 patients achieved complete remission, 1 patient achieved partial remission, and 1 patient with TP53 deletion developed disease progression 1 month after transplantation.Conclusions:Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with chidamide combined with BEAC preconditioning regimen is effective for patients with high-risk or refractory DLBCL, and the adverse reactions are tolerable.

Effects of FAC combined with Bu conditioning for SAA patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To observe the effects of FAC combined with Bu conditioning for severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 【Methods】 The data of 28 SAA patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in our hospital from January 2016 to September 2021 were collected and analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: FAC conditioning group and FAC + Bu conditioning group. We observed the side effects of conditioning regimen, hematopoietic recovery, acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD), viral infection, incidence of venous obstructive disease (VOD), progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). 【Results】 There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, gender, physical condition, history of disease, gender relationship between donors and recipients, transplantation type, infusion of bone marrow nucleated cells, MNC or CD34 positive cells (P>0.05). Compared with those in FAC group, the side effects of auditory hallucination and visual hallucination in FAC + Bu group increased, the incidence of mixed chimerism decreased, the time of platelet reconstruction shortened, the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD increased. However, 3-year PFS or OS did not significantly differ between the two groups. 【Conclusion】 FAC combined with Bu conditioning regimen promotes implantation and reduces mixed chimerism. However, it does not improve patients’ overall survival.

Advances in conditioning regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia / 中华器官移植杂志

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a sole viable treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As the median age of AML is approaching 68 years and the global population is aging, allo-HSCT for is becoming more vital for elderly AML patients (60 years and over). Conditioning regimen is important in determining the clinical outcomes of post-allo-HSCT patients.This review summarized the classic and latest conditioning regimens and evaluated their respective clinical outcomes.Clinicians may appreciate the advantages of each conditioning regimen and formulate optimal options for elderly AML patients.

Effect of xenon post-conditioning on spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: regulating Akt signaling pathway and autophagy / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of xenon post-conditioning on autophagy after spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) in rats and its relationship with protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. MethodsA total of 30 male rats were randomized into sham-operated group (sham group), spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury group (I/R group) and I/R + xenon post-conditioning group (Xe group), with ten rats in each group. In the latter two groups, SCIRI was induced by clamping the abdominal aorta for 85 minutes followed by reperfusion for four hours. Xe group inhaled xenon and oxygen (1∶1) for one hour at one hour after initiation of reperfusion, while the other groups inhaled nitrogen and oxygen (1∶1) for one hour. After the reperfusion, they were assessed with Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale and slanting board test. And then, their spinal cords of L3-5 were obtained. Nissl staining was used to count the number of normal neurons. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of Akt, p-Akt, p62, Beclin 1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) Ⅰ, LC3 Ⅱ. The mRNA expression of Beclin 1, p62 and LC3 Ⅱ in the spinal cord was measured with reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. ResultsCompared with the sham group, the BBB score and the maximum inclination of the slanting board test decreased, the count of normal neurons decreased, the protein expression of p62 and the p-Akt/Akt ratio decreased (P < 0.01), the protein and mRNA expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 Ⅱ, and the LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio increased, the p62 mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.01) in the I/R group. Compared with the I/R group, the BBB score and the maximum inclination of the slanting board test increased, the count of normal neurons increased, the protein expression of p-Akt and p62 increased, the p-Akt/Akt ratio increased, the protein and mRNA expression of Beclin 1, LC3 Ⅱ and LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio decreased, and the mRNA expression of p62 increased (P < 0.01) in Xe group. ConclusionXenon post-conditioning may relieve SCIRI in rats, which is related to activating Akt signaling pathway to inhibit autophagy.

Legionella pneumophila contamination in central air-conditioning systems of public places in China：a meta-analysis / 预防医学

Objective @#To systematically evaluate the detection of Legionella pneumophila in central air-conditioning systems of public places in China, so as to provide insights into the management of L. pneumophila contamination.@*Methods@#The publications pertaining to L. pneumophila contamination in central air-conditioning systems of public places in China were searched in international and national databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, CBM, PubMed and Web of Science from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2022. The publication quality was evaluated using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. A meta-analysis was performed using the software Stata version 16.0. The pooled detection of L. pneumophila and its 95%CI were estimated. The publication bias was evaluated using Begg's test, and sensitivity analysis was performed with the leave-one-out evaluation for assessment of the robustness of the outcomes.@*Results@#A total of 742 publications were initially searched, and 29 publications were finally included, all of which were cross-sectional studies. The publications included 10 high-quality and 19 moderate-quality studies covering 6 160 samples, and the pooled detection of L. pneumophila was 17.20% (95%CI: 12.80%-21.90%). Subgroup analysis showed a higher detection rate of L. pneumophila in cooling water (21.80%) than in condensed water (5.50%) (P<0.01). According to the criteria defined in Hygienic Specification of Central Air-conditioning Ventilation System in Public Buildings (2006 version), the detection of L. pneumophila was 23.30%, which was higher than the detection (13.20%) according to the Hygienic Specification of Central Air-conditioning Ventilation System in Public Buildings (WS 394-2012) (P<0.05). The detection of L. pneumophila did not vary in place, region or sample (P>0.05). Begg's test showed no significant publication bias, and sensitivity analysis showed robustness of the results. @*Conclusions@#The detection of L. pneumophila ranges from 12.80% to 21.90% in central air-conditioning systems of public places in China. Health and environmental protection sectors need to improve the monitoring of L. pneumophila contamination in central air-conditioning systems of public places.

Impact of immunosuppression intensified conditioning regimen for patients with strong positive pre-transplantation donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs) undergoing haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To explore the efficacy of immunosuppression intensified conditioning regimen in patients who have strongly positive donor-specific Anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs) and received a haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) . Methods: Clinical data of 10 patients with strongly positive pretransplant DSAs (defined as MFI ≥10000) were retrospectively analyzed in this study. All of them received a haplo-HSCT in the Hematology Department of Shanghai Zhaxin Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine Hospital. Results: ① Of all ten patients, three were males, and seven were females, with a median age of 53.5 (36-64) years. Of the 10 patients, three were diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, two were myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), two were chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), two were in an accelerated phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-AP), and one was primary myelofibrosis (PMF). ② Conditioning regimen consisted of fludarabine (Flu) /busulfan (Bu) combined with whole-body irradiation (TBI) /cyclophosphamide (Cy). ③ On the seventh day after transplantation, the median pretransplant DSA level was MFI 15 999 (10 210-23 417) and 10 787 (0-22 720). ④ Eight patients acquired hematopoietic reconstitution; the median time of neutrophil engraftment was 14 (10-16) days; and 18 (14-20) days for platelet engraftment. After a median follow-up of 12.5 (1.5-27) months, primary graft failure was found in one patient and another with poor graft function. Seven patients remained in a disease remission state, and all were DSA-negative. Conclusions: An intensified immunosuppression conditioning regimen can efficiently decrease the level of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs), leading to good short-term efficacy.

Efficacy and Safety of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Decitabine-containing Regimen in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myelodysplastic Syndromes Transformed Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with decitabine (Dec)-conditioning regimen in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and MDS transformed acute myeloid leukemia (MDS-AML).@*METHODS@#The characteristics and efficacy data of 93 patients with MDS and MDS-AML who received allo-HSCT in our center from April 2013 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were administered by myeloablative conditioning regimen containing Dec (25 mg/m2 /d×3 d).@*RESULTS@#Among the 93 patients, 63 males and 30 females, were diagnosed as MDS（n ＝77）, MDS-AML（n ＝16）. The incidence of I/II grade regimen-related toxicity (RRT) was 39.8%, and III grade RRT was only found in 1 patient (1%). Neutrophil engraftment was successful in 91 (97.8%) patients after a median neutrophil engraftment time of 14 (9-27) days; Successful platelet engraftment was achieved in 87 (93.5%) patients, with a median engraftment time of 18 (9-290) days. The incidence of acute graft versus host disease（aGVHD） and grade III-IV aGVHD was 44.2% and 16.2%, respectively. The incidence of chronic graft versus host disease（cGVHD） and moderate-to-severe cGVHD was 59.5% and 37.1%, respectively. Of the 93 patients, 54 (58%) developed posttransplant infections, among which lung infection (32.3%) and bloodstream infection (12.9%) were the most common. The median follow-up after transplantation was 45 (0.1-108) months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate, disease-free survival (DFS) rate, treatment-related mortality, and cumulative incidence of relapse were 72.7%, 68.4%, 25.1%, and 6.5%, respectively. And the 1-year graft-versus-host disease/relapse-free survival rate was 49.3%. The patients in different group of relative high-risk prognostic scoring or low-risk prognostic scoring, with or without poor-risk mutation(s), with mutations number ≥3 or <3 had similar 5-year OS rate (more than 70%). Multivariate analysis showed that the incidence of grade III-IV aGVHD was the independent risk factor affecting OS（P =0.008）and DFS (P =0.019).@*CONCLUSION@#Allo-HSCT with Dec-conditioning regimen is feasible and effective in the treatment of patients with MDS and MDS-AML, especially those in high prognostic risk and with poor-risk mutations.

Effectiveness of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma in children: a single-center clinical study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the effectiveness of high-dose chemotherapy combined with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the treatment of children with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on 29 children with high-risk NB who were admitted to Shanghai Children's Hospital and were treated with high-dose chemotherapy combined with ASCT from January 2013 to December 2021, and their clinical features and prognosis were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 29 children treated by high-dose chemotherapy combined with ASCT, there were 18 boys (62%) and 11 girls (38%), with a median age of onset of 36 (27, 59) months. According to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System, 6 children (21%) had stage III NB and 23 children (79%) had stage IV NB, and the common metastatic sites at initial diagnosis were bone in 22 children (76%), bone marrow in 21 children (72%), and intracalvarium in 4 children (14%). All 29 children achieved reconstruction of hematopoietic function after ASCT. After being followed up for a median time of 25 (17, 45) months, 21 children (72%) had continuous complete remission and 8 (28%) experienced recurrence. The 3-year overall survival rate and event-free survival rate were 68.9%±16.1% and 61.4%±14.4%, respectively. Presence of bone marrow metastasis, neuron-specific enolase ≥370 ng/mL and positive bone marrow immunophenotyping might reduce the 3-year event-free survival rate (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Children with high-risk NB who have bone marrow metastasis at initial diagnosis tend to have a poor prognosis. ASCT combined with high-dose chemotherapy can effectively improve the prognosis of children with NB with a favorable safety profile.

Effect and safety of 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 31 patients with acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To investigate the early effect and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with a 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) /myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) . Methods: From April 2021 to May 2022, 31 AML/MDS patients who received allo-HSCT with a 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen were analyzed. Results: AML (n=10), MDS-AML (n=6), CMML-AML (n=1), and MDS (n=14) were identified in 31 patients, 16 males, and 15 females, with a median age of 41 (20-55) yr. Neutrophils and platelets were successfully implanted in 31 patients (100%), with a median implantation duration of 12 (9-30) and 14 (9-42) days, respectively. During the preconditioning period, 16 patients (51.6%) developed oral mucositis, with 15 cases of Ⅰ/Ⅱ grade (48.4%) and one case of Ⅲ grade (3.2%). After transplantation, 13 patients (41.9%) developed CMV viremia, six patients (19.4%) developed hemorrhagic cystitis, and four patients (12.9%) developed a local infection. The median time of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) following transplantation was 33 (12-111) days. The cumulative incidence of aGVHD and Ⅲ/Ⅳ grade aGVHD was 41.9% (95% CI 26.9%-61.0%) and 22.9% (95% CI 13.5%-47.5%), respectively. There was no severe cGVHD, and mild and moderate chronic GVHD (cGVHD) incidence was 23.5% (95% CI 12.1%-43.6%). As of November 30, 2022, only one of the 31 patients had relapsed, with a 1-yr cumulative relapse rate (CIR) of 3.2% (95% CI 0.5%-20.7%). There was only one relapse patient death and no non-relapse deaths. The 1-yr overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 92.9% (95% CI 80.3%-100%) and 96.8% (95% CI 90.8%-100%), respectively. Conclusions: A 10-day decitabine-containing conditioning regimen for allo-HSCT reduced relapse and was safe and feasible in treating AML/MDS.

Second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning and donor changes in relapsed hematological malignancies after the first allogeneic transplant / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) in patients with hematological malignancies who had relapsed after the first allo-HSCT. Methods: Between April 2018 and June 2021, 44 patients with hematological malignancies (B-ALL 23, T-ALL/T-LBL 4, AML15, and MDS 2) were enrolled and retrospectively examined. Unrelated donors (n=12) or haploidentical donors (n=32) were used. Donors were replaced in all patients for the second allo-HSCT. Hematological and immunological germline predisposition genes and hematopoietic and immune function tests were used to select the best-related donor. Total body irradiation (TBI) /fludarabine (FLU) -based (n=38), busulfan (BU) /FLU-based (n=4), total marrow irradiation (TMI) /FLU-based (n=1), and BU/cladribine-based (n=1) were the RIC regimens used. For graft versus host disease (GVHD) prevention, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, short-term methotrexate, and ATG were used. Eighteen (40.9%) of 44 patients with gene variations for which targeted medications are available underwent post-transplant maintenance therapy. Results: The median age was 25 years old (range: 7-55). The median interval between the first and second HSCT was 19.5 months (range: 6-77). Before the second allo-HSCT, 33 (75%) of the patients were in complete remission (CR), whereas 11 (25%) were not. All patients had long-term engraftment. The grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ GVHD and severe acute GVHD rates were 20.5% and 9.1%, respectively. Chronic GVHD was found in 20.5% of limited patterns and 22.7% of severe patterns. CMV and EBV reactivation rates were 29.5% and 6.8%, respectively. Hemorrhage cystitis occurred in 15.9% of cases, grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ. The 1-yr disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and cumulative recurrence incidence (RI) rates of all patients were 72.5% (95% CI, 54.5%-84.3%), 80.6% (95% CI, 63.4%-90.3%), and 25.1% (95% CI, 13.7%-43.2%), respectively, with a median follow-up of 14 (2-39) months. There were eight deaths (seven relapses and one infection). The rate of non-relapse mortality (NRM) was only 2.3%. The CR patients' 1-yr RI rate was significantly lower than the NR patients (16.8% vs 48.1%, P=0.026). The DFS rate in CR patients was greater than in NR patients, although there was no statistical difference (79.9% vs 51.9%, P=0.072). Univariate analysis revealed that CR before the second allo-HSCT was an important prognostic factor. Conclusion: With our RIC regimens, donor change, and post-transplant maintenance therapy, the second allo-HSCT in relapsed hematological malignancies after the first allo-HSCT is a safe and effective treatment with high OS and DFS and low NRM and relapse rate. The most important factor influencing the prognosis of the second allo-HSCT is the patient's illness condition before the transplant.

Contextual Fear Learning and Extinction in the Primary Visual Cortex of Mice / 神经科学通报·英文版

Fear memory contextualization is critical for selecting adaptive behavior to survive. Contextual fear conditioning (CFC) is a classical model for elucidating related underlying neuronal circuits. The primary visual cortex (V1) is the primary cortical region for contextual visual inputs, but its role in CFC is poorly understood. Here, our experiments demonstrated that bilateral inactivation of V1 in mice impaired CFC retrieval, and both CFC learning and extinction increased the turnover rate of axonal boutons in V1. The frequency of neuronal Ca2+ activity decreased after CFC learning, while CFC extinction reversed the decrease and raised it to the naïve level. Contrary to control mice, the frequency of neuronal Ca2+ activity increased after CFC learning in microglia-depleted mice and was maintained after CFC extinction, indicating that microglial depletion alters CFC learning and the frequency response pattern of extinction-induced Ca2+ activity. These findings reveal a critical role of microglia in neocortical information processing in V1, and suggest potential approaches for cellular-based manipulation of acquired fear memory.

Efficacy and Prognostic Factors of Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To retrospectively analyze the efficacy and complications of our institution's modified nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (NST) in treating intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) - first complete remission (CR1) and prognostic factors.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 50 intermediate-risk AML-CR1 patients who underwent matched related NST at the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from August 2004 to April 2021 were collected, the hematopoietic recovery, donor engraftment and complications were observed, and overall survival (OS) rate, leukemia-free survival (LFS) rate, treatment-related mortality (TRM), and cumulative relapse rate were calculated. Statistical analysis of factors affecting prognosis was also preformed.@*RESULTS@#The median times for neutrophil and platelet recovery after transplantation were 10 (6-16) and 13 (6-33) days, respectively. One month after transplantation, 22 patients (44%) achieved full donor chimerism (FDC), and 22 patients (44%) achieved mixed chimerism (MC), among whom 18 cases gradually transited to FDC during 1-11 months, 4 cases maintained MC status. The overall incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was 36%, with a rate of 18% for grade II-IV aGVHD and a median onset time of 45 (20-70) days after transplantation. The overall incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was 34%, with 20% and 14% of patients having limited or extensive cGVHD, respectively. The incidence rates of infections, interstitial pneumonia, and hemorrhagic cystitis were 30%, 10%, and 16%, respectively. The 5-year OS rate, LFS rate, TRM, and cumulative relapse rate were 68%, 64%, 16%, and 20%, respectively. The increase of the number of CD34+ cells infused had shortened the recovery time for neutrophils and platelets (r =0.563, r =0.350). The number of CD34+ cells infused significantly influenced the occurrence of extensive cGVHD (OR =1.36, 95%CI : 1.06-1.84, P =0.024).@*CONCLUSION@#Modified NST is effective in treating intermediate-risk AML-CR1 patients, however, further expansion of sample size is needed to study prognostic factors.

Consecuencias psicosociales de la pandemia de COVID-19 en estudiantes de Medicina / Psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in medical students

Fundamento: la OMS considera que la amenaza de la COVID-19 y la influencia de las medidas para su prevención están causando un fuerte impacto psicológico en las sociedades. Objetivo: valorar la repercusión de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el orden psicosocial en estudiantes de Medicina de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Julio Trigo López". Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal en el periodo comprendido entre el 2 de abril-2 de julio de 2021, en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos para la fundamentación de la investigación y empírico: cuestionario a estudiantes de la carrera de Medicina. Se estudiaron las variables: sexo, ansiedad de estado acorde con la escala de ansiedad generalizada y factores que influyeron en los cambios de orden personal. Resultados: hubo predominio del sexo femenino. Se constató que la mayoría (81,7 %) presentó algún grado de ansiedad, con supremacía de la leve, seguida de la moderada, siendo esta última más marcada en el sexo femenino. Como factores generadores de ansiedad, predominó el retraso académico, seguido del temor al contagio e incomprensión por parte de los profesores. Como factores determinantes de cambios en el orden personal, se encontró la influencia de lo emocional dado por cambios en el estilo de vida. Conclusiones: la pandemia de COVID-19 ha causado cambios en el orden personal, psicológico y social en los estudiantes de Medicina, marcados por aspectos relacionados fundamentalmente con las preocupaciones académicas.

Background: WHO considers that the threat of COVID-19 and the influence of its prevention measures are causing a strong psychological impact on societies. Objective: to assess the repercussion of the COVID-19 pandemic in the psychosocial order in Medicine students of the "Julio Trigo López" Faculty of Medical Sciences. Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out from April 2 to July 2, 2021, at Havana University of Medical Sciences. Theoretical methods were used for the foundation of the investigation and empirical ones: questionnaire to students of the Medicine degree. The variables were studied: sex, anxiety according to the generalized anxiety scale and factors that influenced the changes of personal facts. Results: there was a predominance of the female sex. It was found that the majority (81.7%) presented some degree of anxiety, with mild predominance, followed by moderate, the latter being more marked in the female sex. As anxiety-generating factors, academic delay predominated, followed by fear of contagion and misunderstanding by teachers. As determinant factors of changes in the personal order, the influence of the emotional given by changes in lifestyle was found. Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic has caused changes in the personal, psychological, and social order of medical students, marked by aspects fundamentally related to academic concerns.

Teorías y modelos sobre los estilos de aprendizaje / Theories and models on learning styles

Introducción: diagnosticar la forma en que los alumnos aprenden, resulta necesario para el éxito del proceso formativo, pero las teorías y modelos relacionados con los estilos de aprendizaje resultan muy variados y se dificulta su aplicación. Objetivo: analizar diferentes teorías y modelos relativos a los estilos de aprendizaje desde una visión holística. Métodos: la búsqueda se desarrolló en español e inglés durante los últimos cuatro meses de 2021, se emplearon las bases de datos: Latindex, Redib, Redalyc, Ebsco, SciELO, Hinari, ISI Web y Scopus. Las palabras clave empleadas fueron: estilos de aprendizaje, modelo, características, metodologías, estrategias. Los criterios de selección se aplicaron a 811 fuentes bibliográficas identificadas inicialmente y fueron seleccionados 26 artículos. Desarrollo: se confrontaron diversos posicionamientos y experiencias desde los años 50 del siglo XX hasta la actualidad. Abordar diferentes enfoques de los estilos de aprendizaje arroja una perspectiva evolutiva de dicho fenómeno. El análisis holístico posibilita visualizar las implicaciones de los estilos de aprendizaje en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje. Conclusiones: la integración de los modelos de Kolb y Honey y Mumford constituye una opción viable para su aplicación a la realidad educativa y posibilita un diagnóstico confiable para el proceso instructivo.

Introduction: the diagnosis of the way in which students learn is necessary for the success of the training process, but the theories and models related to learning styles are very varied, making their application difficult. Objective: to analyze different theories and models related to learning styles from a holistic view. Methods: The search was carried out in Spanish and English during the last four months of 2021, using the databases: Latindex, Redib, Redalyc, Ebsco, SciELO, Hinari, ISI Web, and Scopus. The keywords used were learning styles, model, characteristics, methodologies, strategies. The selection criteria were applied to 811 initially identified bibliographic sources, leaving 26 selected articles. Development: different positions and experiences were confronted from the 50's of the 20th centuries to the present. The approach of different approaches about learning styles throws an evolutionary perspective of this phenomenon. Holistic analysis makes it possible to visualize the implications of learning styles in the teaching-learning process. Conclusions: the integration of Kolb's models as well as Honey and Mumford constitute a viable option for its application to the educational reality, allowing a reliable diagnosis for the instructional process.