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1.
Aval. psicol ; 11(1): 141-152, abr. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-688378

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho atende a uma necessidade atual que é contribuir com o avanço das técnicas projetivas. Os estudos de validade são indispensáveis, pois tratam dos fundamentos que dão legitimidade às interpretações. No que diz respeito à validade do Zulliger, de acordo com o Sistema Compreensivo na saúde mental, os estudos ainda são escassos e por este motivo o objetivo deste artigo é verificar se as Constelações, conjuntos de variáveis que informam sobre possíveis distúrbios e disfunções psíquicas, utilizadas no método de Rorschach, segundo o Sistema Compreensivo, se aplicam ao Zulliger. Participaram do estudo 141 pessoas, sendo 46 pacientes psiquiátricos e 95 não-pacientes. No grupo dos pacientes foi aplicado o Zulliger e a SCDI-I. Já no grupo dos não-pacientes foi aplicado somente o Zulliger. A comparação entre a média dos grupos foi realizada pela prova estatística t student e os resultados foram parcialmente positivos para as psicopatologias da esquizofrenia e depressão.


This paper aims to contribute on the discussion about the scientific status of projective techniques. Validity studies are indispensable, since they are the foundations that give legitimacy to the interpretations. Although the validity investigations are very important, the literature brings very few studies considering the Zulliger according to the Comprehensive System. The objective of this research is to verify if the Constellations of the Rorschach - Comprehensive System can be useful and applied to the Zulliger. The study included 46 psychiatric patients and ninety-five non-patients. The comparison between the means of the indicators that compose the Constellations in each group was carried out by Student t statistics test in order to verify whether they can contribute to a diagnosis through the Zulliger. The results were partly positive for schizophrenia and depression, but not for obsessive compulsive disorder, which showed no significant differences when compared with the group of non-patients.


Este trabajo atiende a una necesidad actual que es contribuir con el avance de las técnicas proyectivas. Los estudios de validez son indispensables, pues tratan de los fundamentos que legitiman las interpretaciones. Respecto a la validez del Zulliger, de acuerdo con el Sistema Comprensivo en la salud mental, los estudios aún son escasos y por esto el objetivo de este artículo es verificar si las Constelaciones, conjuntos de variables que informan sobre posibles disturbios y disfunciones psíquicas, utilizadas en el método de Rorschach, segundo el Sistema Comprensivo, se aplican al Zulliger. Participaron del estudio 141 personas, siendo 46 pacientes psiquiátricos y 95 no-pacientes. En el grupo de los pacientes fue aplicado el Zulliger y la SCDI-I. En el grupo de los no-pacientes fue aplicado solamente el Zulliger. La comparación entre el promedio de los grupos fue realizada por la prueba estadística t student y los resultados fueron parcialmente positivos para las psicopatologías de la esquizofrenia y depresión.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Mentally Ill Persons , Projective Techniques , Rorschach Test
2.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-161353

ABSTRACT

The relationships between immune and neural function are an increasingly important area of study for neuropsychiatric disorders, in particular depression. This review summarizes the current theories and novel treatment strategies for depression, with a focus on cytokine-induced depression. The current diagnostic categories for depression, as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, however, are not etiologically or biologically derived, and it has been proposed that “depression”, likely reflects multiple pathogeneses leading to varying symptom constellations. The mechanisms of action of antidepressants are not fully understood; the hypothesis that reversing hippocampal cell loss in depression may be their active principle is a fascinating new development. Moral panic about the claim that antidepressant serotonin reuptake inhibitors cause patients to commit suicide and become addicted to their medication may have disconcerted the public and members of the medical profession. We will try to describe the considerable effort that has gone into collecting evidence to enlighten this debate.

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