ABSTRACT
Cytomegalovirus is the most common pathogen resulting in pulmonary pneumonia in the immunocompromised host.The clinical manifestation of cytomegaloviral pneumonia shows acute onset of illness and rapid progress.It will develop to acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome in several days if delaying the diagnosis and proper intervention.It also shows high mortality and poor prognosis.It plays a very important role for the laboratory pathogen assay to make the confirmed diagnosis.Regarding to the therapeutic strategies,early administration of gancyclovir with intravenous immunoglobin is a recommended cocktail intervention,which could improve the prognosis and decrease the mortality.Combination of antibiotics is usually not recommended except with confirmed bacterial infection or invasive mechanical ventilation in order to refrain from making a further complicated situation.