ABSTRACT
@#White spot lesion is incipient caries and it manifests as white opacity lesion on the demineralised enamel surface. White spot lesions are a common adverse effect among post orthodontic patients. The prevalence of white spot lesions in post orthodontic patients varies from 2% to 97%. Therefore, it is imperative for dental practitioners to be able to manage white spot lesions. Thus, this article is a contemporary review on the management of white spot lesions. After reviewing this article, it comes to a consensus that non- invasive treatments should be the first line management of white spot lesions. Non-invasive treatments such as patient education, motivation, oral hygiene reinforcement, and attempts to remineralise with various forms of fluoride preparation should be prioritised in the treatment plan. If the white spot lesions fail to respond more invasive treatment options might be considered.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las consecuencias clínicas expresadas en índices COPD y ceod y su relación con la presencia de hipomineralización incisivo molar (HIM) en una población de escolares de 6 a 12 años de la provincia de Santiago. Método: Este estudio de corte transversal fue realizado en 851 escolares de 6 a 12 años de la provincia de Santiago, quienes fueron evaluados por 2 dentistas calibrados. Con consentimiento de los tutores legales, los escolares fueron examinados, y se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos para HIM de la Academia Europea de Odontopediatría (EAPD). La historia de caries fue determinada con COPD/ceod de acuerdo a los criterios de la OMS. Los datos fueron recolectados en una ficha especialmente diseñada para esto. Los datos fueron analizados con test «t¼ para muestras individuales (considerando p < 0,05). Resultados: Los escolares afectados por HIM tuvieron una media de COPD de 0,91 (±1,21) y una media de ceod de 1,98 (±2,48), el cual fue mayor que el COPD y ceod de escolares sin HIM (0,41 [±0,95] y 1,34 [±2,15] respectivamente). La diferencia entre ambos grupos fue estadísticamente significativa para COPD (p < 0,000) y ceod (p = 0,002). Conclusiones: Escolares de la provincia de Santiago de 6 a 12 años afectados con HIM presentaron mayor COPD/ceod que escolares sin HIM.
Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical consequences, expressed in DMFT and dmft, and their relationship with Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) in a population of schoolchildren of 6 to 12 years old in the Santiago Province. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 851 schoolchildren between 6-12 years old from the Santiago Province were examined by two calibrated examiners. With informed consent from their parents, the schoolchildren were examined, and the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) diagnostic criteria was used for MIH detection. Caries history was assessed with the DMFT/dmft score according to WHO criteria. Data was collected with a form specially designed for this study. Data was analysed using Student's t-test for individual samples and a post-hoc Bonferroni (P < .05). Results: The mean DMFT score in the MIH-affected schoolchildren was 0.91 (±1.21), with a mean dmft score of 1.98 (±2.48), which were greater than the scores in the non-MIH affected schoolchildren (mean DMFT score 0.41 [±0.95] and mean dmft 1.34 [±2.15]). The differences between DMFT and dmft scores in the two groups were statistically significant (P < .000 and P = .002, respectively). Conclusions: Schoolchildren of Santiago Province of 6-12 year old diagnosed with MIH had higher DMFT/dmft scores compared to schoolchildren not affected with MIH.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Dental Caries/etiology , Tooth Demineralization/complications , Tooth Demineralization/epidemiology , Chile , DMF Index , Tooth Diseases/epidemiology , Tooth Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
In this study, the effect of beverages (Coke TM, Sprite™, Ribena™, Chrysanthemum tea and mineral water) on the demineralisation of the enamel surface was investigated. Demineralisation was determined by the rate of calcium released from the enamel surface on exposure to the beverages. Calcium was determined using the EDTA titration method. The pH of these beverages was measured using a pH meter and found to be in the acidic range (2.43 to 5.79) while mineral water which served as a control has a pH of 7.00. Ii was found that the rate of calcium released from Coke™(0.76 J..lg/min) showed a significant mean difference from Sprite™ (0.38 J..lg/min), Chrysanthemum tea (0.10 J..lg/min) and mineral water (0.00 J..lg/min)at p< .05, but was however not significantly different from Ribena™. Likewise, Chrysanthemum tea and mineral water also showed statistically no significant mean difference in the released of calcium during the study period. The results obtained in this study indicated that beverages with low pH may pose detrimental effect on the enamel surface which could have clinical implication, especially in people with salivary gland dysfunction or low salivary flow.