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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of baru nuts supplementation on body composition and metabolic profile in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with 30 adults with type 2 diabetes. The assay had two periods of 12 weeks each, with a washout period of 12 weeks between treatments. The subjects were randomized and received the two treatments in alternate periods: supplementation of 30g baru nuts or placebo. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, blood sampling, food intake, and physical activity data were analyzed. Results: Baru nut intake reduced waist circumference (p=0.032), compared to placebo group. In the intra-group analysis, baru nut intake reduced total cholesterol (p=0.012) and LDL-c (p=0.017). Conclusion: The daily intake of baru nuts improved abdominal adiposity. Therefore, these nuts should be included in the diet to improve the health status of adults with type 2 diabetes.
RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da suplementação com amêndoa de baru sobre a composição corporal e perfil metabólico de adultos com diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: Este é um estudo randomizado, placebo-controlado, crossover com 30 adultos com diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. O ensaio clínico foi dividido em dois períodos de 12 semanas cada, com um washout de 12 semanas entre os tratamentos. Os sujeitos foram randomizados e receberam dois tratamentos em períodos alternativos: suplementação com 30 g de amêndoa de baru ou placebo. Foram coletados dados referentes à antropometria, composição corporal, pressão arterial, amostras de sangue, ingestão de alimentos e práticas de atividade física. Resultados: A ingestão de amêndoa de baru reduziu a circunferência da cintura (p=0,032), em comparação com o grupo placebo. Na análise intragrupo, a ingestão de amêndoa de baru também reduziu o colesterol total (p=0,012) e LDL-c (p=0,017). Conclusão: A ingestão diária de amêndoa de baru melhorou a adiposidade abdominal, portanto, deve ser incluída na dieta para a melhora do estado de saúde de adultos com diabetes Mellitus tipo 2.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Body Composition , Dipteryx , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Placebos/therapeutic use , Cholesterol , Cross-Over Studies , Abdominal Circumference , Arterial PressureABSTRACT
Leucorrhoea i.e. Shwetapradar is universal problem of women which is caused by increased stress, strain, improper diet & unhygienic conditions. Most commonly used treatment according to modern science is vaginal pessaries which act fast & give symptomatic relief but they have chances of recurrence. Ayurveda advocates healthy lifestyle including proper diet & treatment regime to manage such diseases & its recurrence. According to Ayurveda Ahar is the main reason for being healthy or diseased. Considering this, a clinical study has been planned with an aim of “To evaluate the role of Takra & Odan as Ahar along with Nagkeshar churna in Shwetapradar”. For the study, 60 patients having symptoms of Shwetapradar were selected & divided in two groups randomly. Trial group (Group A) was treated with Nagkeshar churna along with Takra & Odan as Ahar whereas control group (Group B) was treated with Nagkeshar churna alone for 21 days with weekly follow up. After the completion of study it was observed that relief obtained in symptoms was faster in Group A than in Group B. Also relief obtained was much more in Group A than in Group B. Hence study was concluded that the formulation stimulates astringent action in vaginal mucosa and reduces excessive vaginal discharge & pelvic congestion. Thus dietary modifications play a significant role in curing Shwetapradar.
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Obesity is the greatest risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and the prevalence of NAFLD is over 90% in severe obesity. Losing weight can improve and even reverse NAFLD to varying degrees. Dietary modification is the most efficacious method in the weight reduction of NAFLD, for it can effectively reduce fatty and chang inflammation of liver cells by controlling calorie intake and regulating the proportion of nutrients, and the fibrillation can also be improved. In this paper, we discuss the calorie intake and dietary pattern of general population, the elderly and school-aged children, focusing on how NAFLD patients control their weight through dietary modification.
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Dysphagia is a dysfunction that occurs during the swallowing process, which involves the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal stages of the swallowing route. Dysphagia is a prevalent symptom in elderly patients with degenerative diseases such as stroke, dementia, and Parkinson's disease. Dysphagia that occurs in the elderly is often caused by oral phase dysfunction. Oral phase dysfunction is a problem that occurs during the first stage of swallowing. The symptoms of age-associated dysphagia are the following signs: increased oral residual and longer mastication with slower oral bolus transit movement. Dysphagia can lead to malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss, functional decline, and fear of eating and drinking as well as a decrease in quality of life (QOL). Modification in viscosity and texture of food is usually helpful in resolving the nutritional problem of patients presenting signs of oral phase dysfunction. The degree of dietary modification can affect compliance of the diet. Adequate assessment and dietary modifications are important for successful dietary intervention for the elderly patients.
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Aged , Humans , Aging , Compliance , Deglutition , Deglutition Disorders , Dehydration , Dementia , Diet , Drinking , Eating , Feeding Behavior , Malnutrition , Mastication , Parkinson Disease , Quality of Life , Stroke , Viscosity , Weight LossABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effects of dietary intervention with low glycemic index (LGI) and low glycemic load (LGL) on dietary knowledge and dietary modification of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods This study was a cluster randomized controlled study.From June to September 2010,105 T2DM patients were randomly sampled from 3 residential areas (n =35 in each) in Jin Pen Ling community,Changsha,Hunan province and divided into three groups with a random number table:whole-day dietary intervention group (group A,n =35),breakfast dietary intervention group (group B,n =35),and control group (group C,n =35).Interventions included 3-month health education and dietary intervention.Dietary knowledge,dietary oils,glycemic index (GI),and glycemic load (GL) of the three groups were compared before and after intervention.Results Before intervention,all the three groups showed a low level of knowledge about GI (57.7 ％),and high levels of average GI value of each meal (69.71 ± 8.55),GL value per day (132.45 ± 16.25),and daily cooking oil intake [(39.95 ± 20.64)g].The average knowledge level about GI increased after intervention in both group A (96.3％ vs.57.1％,P ＜0.05) and group B (94.5％ vs.60.5％,P＜0.05),but not in group C (54.8％ vs.55.3％,P＞0.05).The reduction of daily cooking oilintake in group A was larger than those in group B and group C [(7.81 ± 3.91) g vs.(-5.12 ± 1.37) g,(7.81 ± 3.91) g vs.(-3.45 ± 5.95) g,both P ＜ 0.05];so was the average GI value of each meal [group A,(5.95±2.27);groupB (-0.85±1.87);groupC,(-2.87±1.93);allP＜0.05].The changes of GL values in group A (11.31 ±4.31) was better than in group B (1.23 ±27.82) and group C (-0.43 ± 18.40)(both P ＜0.05).Conclusions The average GI value,GL value,and daily cooking oil intake of T2DM patients were all at a high level before intervention,while the level of knowledge about GI was at a low level.Health education providing GI knowledge may effectively improve the knowledge about GI in T2DM patients,while LGI and LGL dietary intervention may promote diet modification.Whole-day dietary intervention may be more effective than breakfast intervention.
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Aim: This study assessed the impact of dietary modification on cardiometabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress indices in Nigerians with metabolic syndrome (MS). Subjects and Methods: Sixty participants with MS were selected using the International Diabetes Federation criteria from a cohort participating in “Risk Assessment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and Dementia in Nigerians with Metabolic Syndrome” study. The subjects were seen by a Dietitian and the approximate percentages of total calories from total protein, total fat, polyunsaturated fat, and carbohydrate were calculated from dietary history and pegged at 20%, 30%, 14% and 50% respectively. To ensure compliance, each participant was seen monthly (for 6 months) by the Dietitian. Glucose and lipid profile were determined using enzymatic methods. Serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), total protein and albumin were determined using spectrophotometric methods while high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and tumuor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined using ELISA. Student’s t-test (paired) and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for statistical analysis as appropriate. P-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body fat, NO, hsCRP, H2O2, total protein and globulin were significantly reduced while the mean HDL, MDA, albumin and activities of CAT and MPO were significantly increased post-dietary modification compared with baseline. Conclusion: Short-term dietary intervention improved cardiovascular risk, inflammation and oxidative stress indices in Nigerians with MS.
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Background: Dietary factors remain an entity attributed to a kidney stone and thus renal stone becomes more of a 'lifestyle' disease relying more on prevention for its amelioration than advanced and specific treatment modalities. Although there are various studies conducted in past to show importance of dietary modification in patient with kidney stone , no single study was conducted to identify perceived barriers in dietary modification by patient. Methods: Through this population based cross-sectional study, a total of 50 patients with a radiologically diagnosed ‘case’ of renal stone were enrolled in the study and interviewed through proforma approved by institutional ethical committee to study patients characteristics and perceived barriers in dietary modification. Data were analyzed with help of Epi Info™ 7 (CDC Atlanta). Results: Kidney stone prevalence is higher in men (66%) in compare to females and common with age group 31-40 years. Hindu caste (82%), low socioeconomic status (76%), and education less than 8th (42%) and not aware of need (62%) were common characteristics among them. Not clearly informed about benefits of Diet modification (54%) and Don't Remember (42%) constituted common barriers. Conclusions: Along with educating them regarding kidney stone disease it is important to identify all barriers at individualize level because motivating patients with kidney stones to maintain behavior for recommended diet, first requires an understanding of the factors influencing this behavior and approach should be tailored for individual patient.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of lifestyle counseling on metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence in the short term. This was a before-after study design conducted in a nutrition outpatient clinic. Participants were adults presenting with MetS according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. In the study 109 individuals (mean age 41 ± 9.6 years old) were included, the majority women (82,6%). Participants received individualized dietary prescription guidelines for healthy eating and were encouraged to perform physical activity. After five months, a decrease of 21.5% in the prevalence of MetS (p<0,001) was observed Significant mean reductions (p<0,001) in bodyweight (3.5 ± 3.4 Kg), waist circumference (4.0 ± 4.0 cm), triglycerides (33.8 ± 69.6 mg/dl) and fasting glucose we observed (6.6 ± 18.3 mg/dl), while HDL cholesterol showed an increase (2.6 ± 6.1mg/ dl, p<0,001). We conclude that lifestyle counseling consisting of individualized nutritional guidance through a balanced diet, physical activity promotion and change in lifestyle can reduce the prevalence of MetS in the short term.
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de instrucciones relacionadas al estilo de vida sobre la prevalencia de síndrome metabólico (SM) a corto plazo. Este fue un estudio tipo estudio de antes y después realizado en un ambulatorio de nutrición. Los participantes eran adultos que presentan SM según los criterios de la International Diabetes Federation. El estudio incluyó 109 personas (edad media 41 ± 9,6 años), en su mayoría mujeres (82,6%). Los participantes recibieron una dieta con prescripción individualizada, pautas de alimentación saludable, y se les motivó a practicar actividad física. Después de cinco meses se observó una disminución de 21,5% en la prevalencia de SM (P <0,001). Se observó una reducción media significativa (p <0,001) en el peso corporal (3.5 + 3.4 Kg), circunferencia de cintura (4.0 + 4.0 cm), triglicéridos (33.8 + 69.6 mg/dl) y glucosa en ayunas (6.6 + 18.3 mg/dl), mientras que mostró un aumento de HDLc (2.6 + 6.1mg/dl) (p <0,001). Consejos relacionados al estilo de vida a través de una guía de nutrición individualizada dieta equilibrada, la promoción de actividad física y cambios en el estilo de vida pueden reducir la prevalencia de SM a corto plazo.
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Humans , Metabolic Syndrome , Diet Therapy , Counselors , Life Style , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Objective: To determine if changes in the life style bring any positive changes in various physical and psychological parameters. Material & Methods : An arbitrarily selected group of Jawans (32 in number and ranging in age from 35 to 58 years) were assessed in the Department of Psychiatry and other departments like Medicine, Ophthalmology, ENT and Physiology for various baseline investigations. Following this, they were subjected to one month of life style changes including regular exercises, Yoga and dietary modifications. After seventy one days a follow through check-up was done in post- intervention period for the same parameters. Results: The reductions in number of subjects having abnormal BMI(Body Mass Index)71.87% to 46.87%, abnormal GHQ-12 (12 items General Health Questionnaire) score- 37.5% to 21.87%, VC(Vital Capacity)- 15.62% to 6.25%, ECG(Electro Cardio-Gram)- 28.12% to3.12%, S. Total Cholesterol- 50% to 18.7%, and S. Triglycerides- 81.25% to 50% were statistically significant on a repeat check post-intervention. Subjectively 25% Jawans reported a feeling of wellbeing at the base investigations whereas 87.5% reported a reduction in mental tensions and enhancement of positive thinking during the feed back. They also reported benefits in various existing health problems and an increase in the self confidence. With special dietary regimes most of the jawans reported reduction in their obesity and various Gastro-intestinal disturbances. With regular Yoga and Pranayam, most of the jawans reported a benefit in their working capacity and occupation as a whole. All in all it can be inferred that such an intervention brings a positive change in the health status of PAC Jawans and no further deterioration has been observed.
Subject(s)
Diet , Diet Therapy , Health Status , Health Status Indicators , Humans , India , Military Personnel/psychology , Pilot Projects , Treatment Outcome , YogaABSTRACT
It has been reported that visceral fat (VF) is an independent predictor of the incidence for coronary heart disease, and is associated with its risk factors. The independent effects of exercise or dietary modification on VF remain to be fully elucidated, especially in obese middle-aged men. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of exercise on VF compared to dietary modification. Thirty-five obese middle-aged men participated in this study. They consisted of exercise group (n=22, 51.4±11.6 yr, Group E) and diet group (n=13, 48.8±12.2 yr, Group D). Participants in Group E followed 90-min exercise sessions on a regular basis 3 days per week for 12 weeks. Participants in Group D attended weekly classes aimed at maintaining well-balanced 1,680 kcal/d diet for 12 weeks. Body weight decreased significantly in both groups (Group E : −2.9 kg, Group D : −5.4 kg). Visceral fat area (VFA) determined by computed tomography also decreased significantly (Group E : −32.0 cm<sup>2</sup>, Group D : −39.4 cm<sup>2</sup>). An analysis of covariance adjusted by weight change revealed no significant group difference in VFA change. These results suggest that exercise-induced negative energy balance does not result in greater decrease in VFA as compared with dietary modification alone.