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Objective: In order to understand the dust concentration in the workplace of dust exposure enterprises in Shenxian. To evaluate the degree of occupational hazard factors of dust exposure enterprises. And provide basis for the formulation of occupational protection standards and management system of dust exposure enterprises. Methods: In February 2022, the dust concentration monitoring data of 89 dust exposure enterprises from 2017 to 2020 by the Shenxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention were collected, and the qualified rates of dust concentration detection of dust exposure enterprises in different years, dust types and enterprise sizes were analyzed. Results: A total of 89 dust enterprises were monitored from 2017 to 2020, 2132 dust samples were collected, and 1818 qualified samples were taken, with a total qualified rate of 85.3%. From 2017 to 2020, the dust detection qualified rates showed a year-by-year increase trend, 78.7% (447/568), 84.1% (471/560), 88.6% (418/472) and 90.6% (482/532), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ(2)=36.27, P=0.003). The differences in the qualified rates of dust detection samples of silicon dust (66.1%, 41/62), grain dust (86.7%, 1549/1786), cotton dust (84.1%, 106/126) and wood dust (77.2%, 122/158) were statistically significant (χ(2)=29.66, P=0.002). The qualified rate of dust samples in large and medium-sized enterprises (95.1%, 1194/1256) was higher than that of small-sized enterprises (71.2%, 624/876), and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=1584.40, P=0.001) . Conclusion: The qualified rate of dust concentration monitoring results of dust exposure enterprises in Shenxian showed an increase trend year by year, while the pualified rate of dust concentration monitoring in small-sized enterprises was low, and the occupational hazard of silica dust was still severe.
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Dust , Silicon , Wood , WorkplaceABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Very few follow-up studies have investigated the respiratory function of cement employees. This research’s key objectives were to calculate overall dust exposure, evaluate chronic respiratory problems, and determine lung function status in cement factory workers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Cement Factory - City of Mosul. 100 cement production employees participated in this study who is exposed directly to the dust. Another 100 employees were chosen from the departments where the workers are not exposed to dust. The “Medical Research Council Questionnaire (MRCQ)” that recommended for use in epidemiological and occupational respiratory surveys was used. Lung function tests were performed using a Cosmed Pony FX spirometer. At the end of the day’s shift, acute respiratory symptoms were scored on a five-point Likert scale (1-5) using a modified questionnaire for respiratory symptoms. Different lung function was tested. Results: The mean age of the workers was 36.4 years (range 28-61), all of them were male. Cement overall dust ranged from (1.1 to 11.6 mg/m3 ) at the workplace. The (TLC) for 10 mg/m3 was exceeded in just one of the tests. For the exposed group, “the volume of air that can forcibly be blown out in the first 1 second, after full inspiration” FEV1 is (72.20 ± 11.35), the volume of air that can forcibly be blown out after full inspiration, measured in liters (FVC%) is (70.40 ± 12.27). Conclusion: Preventive measures are needed to reduce exposure to dust. Chronic respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function have been associated with high exposure to cement dust.
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Objective: To understand the incidence of pneumoconiosis in the non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province, and provide reference for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in the non-coal mining industry. Methods: The data of 7019 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients in non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province from January 1956 to December 2019 were collected through the Jiangsu Province Pneumoconiosis Follow-up Network Report System, including the gender of the pneumoconiosis patients, the name of the employer and the location, the industry classification of the employer, the duration of dust exposure in dust exposure, the name of occupational pneumoconiosis disease, the date of diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, etc. The collected case data of patients with pneumoconiosis were entered into the statistical software, and the characteristics of the patients' diagnosis time, region and industry were analyzed. Results: The number of confirmed pneumoconiosis patients in the non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province was mostly in 2007 (395 cases) , concentrated in Wuxi City (40.96%, 2875/7019) and Suzhou City (27.72%, 1946/7019) . The industries to which the patients belonged were mainly non-metallic mining and dressing (60.95%, 4278/7019) , and the most common type of pneumoconiosis was silicosis (96.40%, 6766/7019) . The patients were mainly stageⅠpneumoconiosis (61.33%, 4305/7019) . There were statistically significant differences in the mean age of diagnosis and the average duration of dust exposure among patients with different pneumoconiosis stages (P<0.01) . The differences in the average diagnosis age and the average duration of dust exposure of patients with different types of pneumoconiosis were statistically significant (P<0.05) , the mean age of diagnosis and the average duration of dust exposure of electric welders were the smallest, which were (44.92±7.74) years old and (17.38±10.15) years, respectively. Conclusion: The regional and industry distribution characteristics of new pneumoconiosis patients in the non-coal mining industry in Jiangsu Province are obvious, and attention should be paid to the treatment of pneumoconiosis patients with young diagnosed age and short duration of dust exposure, as well as the personal protection and health protection of front-line workers such as electric welders who are exposed to productive dust in a short period of time.
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Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Coal Mining , Dust , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Pneumoconiosis/epidemiology , Silicosis/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of welders' pneumoconiosis cases reported from 2001 to 2020 in Tianjin, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies for welders' pneumoconiosis. Methods A database was established based on the data of all welders' pneumoconiosis cases reported in Tianjin from 2001 to 2020，and SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results (1) From 2001 to 2020，there were 376 cases of welders' pneumoconiosis reported in Tianjin，with 356 new cases (91.05%). There were fewer progressed and death cases, which were 13 and 7 cases, respectively; (2) The number of new cases showed a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing with the reporting year. The dust-exposure years were concentrated from 1970 to 1989，with the number of cases accounting for 69.94% of the total; (3) The median dust-exposure year of welders' pneumoconiosis new cases from 2001 to 2020 was 25.92 years. The median diagnosis age was 54.30 years old，which increased with the reporting year（F=20.23，5.13，P0.05）; (5) The main industries were general and professional equipment manufacturing industry and ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry. Conclusion The incidence of new cases of welder pneumoconiosis in Tianjin is relatively low and has significantly decreased in recent five years. The age of diagnosis and length of service for dust exposure are on the rise, indicating that the incidence of pneumoconiosis among welders has been effectively controlled. However, the impact of welding fumes on workers' health cannot be ignored. The control and engineering governance should be strengthened to reduce the impact of welding fumes on workers' health, and to achieve the goal of ultimately eliminating welders' pneumoconiosis.
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Wheat flour is a known sensitizer for humans. Bakers exposed to flour dust may develop occupational rhinitis and asthma. In Chile there is no current permissible limit for occupational exposure to wheat flour. To propose such a limit, 9 bakeries located in 6 districts of Santiago de Chile were evaluated, 6 bakeries were semi-industrial and 3 were small business. Twenty-eight environmental personal samples were obtained by standard sampling methods and they were analyzed at the Institute of Public Health of Chile. No significant differences were found (p = 0,2915, Kruskall-Wallis' test) between air concentrations of flour particles in the working environment of semi-industrial (geometric mean: MG = 0.88 mg/m³,geometric deviation: DEG = 2,68) and small business (MG = 1.39 mg/m³, DEG = 2,31). A permissible limit of wheat flour dust exposure is recommended.
Se conoce que la harina de trigo es un sensibilizador en seres humanos. Los panaderos expuestos a polvo de harina pueden desarrollar rinitis y asma ocupacional. En Chile actualmente no existe un límite permisible para la exposición ocupacional a polvo de harina. Con el objetivo de proponer un límite, fueron evaluadas 9 panaderías de 6 comunas de Santiago de Chile, de las cuales 6 fueron semi-industriales y 3 pequeñas. Un total de veintiocho muestras personales de aire fueron obtenidas según método estándar de muestreo y analizadas en el Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p = 0,2915, prueba de Kruskall-Wallis) en la concentración de partículas de harina en el ambiente de trabajo semi-industrial (media geométrica: MG = 0,88 mg/m³, desviación geométrica: DEG = 2,68) y en el de panaderías pequeñas (MG = 1,39 mg/m³, DEG = 2,31). En base a las observaciones realizadas se recomienda establecer un límite permisible de exposición para polvo de harina de trigo.
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Humans , Male , Powders/analysis , Allergens/analysis , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Asthma, Occupational/etiology , Flour/analysis , Food Industry , Chile , Occupational Exposure/analysisABSTRACT
Objective To observe and analyze the occurrence and related factors of pulmonary fibrosis caused by dust exposure in Shenzhen city in 2014 ,and to explore the preventive measures .Methods 64 cases of patients with pneumoconiosis from January 1st ,2014 to December 31st were selected as the study objects ,the factors affecting the development of pneumoconiosis and the re‐lated factors of complications were compared and analyzed ,the preventing measures were discussed .Results the proportion of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ and the incidence of complications were increased with the working age of dust‐exposed work ,the differences were statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Compared with patients who used anti‐dust respirator and were trea‐ted in time ,the patients used common respirator and not treated in time had higher proportion of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅱ and stageⅢ and the incidence of complications ,the differences were statistically significant(P<0 .05) .The incidence of complications associ‐ated with pneumoconiosis such as tuberculosis ,pulmonary emphysema ,pulmonary heart disease were higher in patients with more than 20 working years than those with 10- <16 and 16-20 years ,the differences were statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclu‐sion Working years of dust‐exposed work ,personal protective measures ,timely treatment are major influence factors for the occur‐rence and development of pneumoconiosis and related complications .Strengthening the engineering and technical measures for re‐ducing dust in dust‐exposed work ,personal protection and health education ,regular physical examination are important means to prevent the occurrence and development of pulmonary fibrosis caused by dust‐exposed work .
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Aim: To study the effect of jute-dust and further impact of smoking on pulmonary function test parameters in jute mill-workers. Method and Result: With the help of computerized multifunctional spirometer 91 male workers were compared with 90 controls for their PFT-parameters. The study indicated an overall reduction in FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEF (25-75) % and MVV. FEV1/FVC was within normal range. Further division of workers into smoker and nonsmokers there was a more decline in FEV1 along with FEV1/ FVC in smokers. Conclusion: Exposure of jute-dust lead to combined type of restrictive/obstructive lung diseases.
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Adult , Corchorus , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , India , Lung Diseases/epidemiology , Lung Diseases/etiology , Male , Respiratory Function Tests , Spirometry , Textile Industry , TextilesABSTRACT
Background and objectives: Occupational pulmonary diseases are more widespread and more disabling than any other group of occupational disease in form of pneumoconiosis, silicosis, byssinosis, farmerslung, asbestosis, asthma, allergic alveolitis. Early recognition of disturbed lung functions will be of great clinical, social and preventive importance in industry workers who constantly exposed to air borne pollution. So the present study was conducted to determine the effect of marble and stone dust on marble cutters and stone cutters. Methods: Thirty subjects were marble cutters and thirty were stone cutters . The pulmonary function tests viz forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), peak expiratory volume(PEFR) and maximum ventilatory volume (MVV) were carried out with the help of compurterised medspiror. The data were collected, and conclusions were drawn on the basis of appropriate statistical analysis.Results and interpretation: The results were compared with students `t` test which showed a significant reduction in pulmonary function tests due to marble dust and stone dust. The decrease in FVC and MVV indicates a restrictive impairement whereas decrease in (FEV1), (FEF25-75), (PEFR) indicates an obstructive impairment. Conclusion: The observed changes in pulmonary function tests could be due to mechanical irritation caused by exposed dust and individual’s susceptibility to silica dust. The pulmonary function tests are more decreased in marble cutters as compared to stone cutters which may be due to longer duration of exposure suggesting an urgent need to improve dust control measures and health status of marble as well as stone cutters.
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A seven year old female child presented with two episodes of vaginal bleding and bilateral breast development. Examination showed normal anthropometric measurements and external genitalia of prepubertal type. Her 5-year old younger brother and her father had gynaecomastia. Search for a structural cause for precocious puberty was negative. Occupational exposure of her father to hormonal dust was identified as the cause. All pubertal changes reverted to normal after observing suitable precautions.
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417 employees of construction and quarry site at 8 quarry companies were investigated in Hong Kong. All the respondents were interviewed with a diet questionnaire which included the following foods: a) meat; b) liver; c) lung; d) blood; e) fish and shellfish; f) eggs; g) fresh fruits; h) beans and peas; i) carrots; j) leafy green vegetables; k) milk and ic-ecream; 1) cream and butter; m ) fried foods; n ) margarine; o) lard; p) whloe wheat. Each subjects lung function was measured by Vitalograph as the machine which recorded the measure value, predict value according to the six, age and hight of the subject. FYCC (FVC meaure value/FVC predict value), FEV1 (FEV1 measure value/FEV1 predict value) and FEV1- FVCM (FEVl/FVC) were used as indicators for luug function in the paper and the demarcation between normal and poor lung function was 80% for FVCC and FEV1C while 75% for FEV1FVCM of predict value. The investigation results showed that the workers could pay more attention to food and health. They selected balanced diet and took more high-protein, high-vitamins and high-fiber foods such as fish, vegetables and fruits while high-fat or high-cholesterol foods such as animal viscera and lard were less taken. The results of Chi-squre analysis for dietary intake and lung function showed:1) None of the differences of food intakes between normal and poor FVCC reached statistical significance; 2) There were si-gnificent differences between normal and poor FEV1C in the intakes of liver and lung (P