ABSTRACT
Was compared exercise tolerance, respiratory and cardiovascular functions between non--diabetics and type 2 diabetics individuals (T2DM) without chronic heart failure. Thirteen normaglycemic men (non-diabetic group NDG) and eight T2DM (diabetic group DG) performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) on motor treadmill (test initiated at 3 km.h-1 with an increment of 1 km.h-1 every two minutes) to evaluate respiratory function, cardiovascular parameters and exercise tolerance. Workload and oxygen uptake ( O2) values at ventilatory threshold were signifi cantly lower for DG (DG: 5.6 ± 0.5 km/h and 13.1 ± 3.8 mL.(kg.min)-1; NDG: 6.5 ± 0.5 km/h and 16.4 ± 2.8 mL.(kg.min)-1; p < 0.05). Peak O2 and workload were signifi cantly lower for DG (22.7 ± 5.7 mL.(kg.min)-1;8.2 ± 0.7 km/h) when compared with NDG (30.8 ± 5.4 mL.(kg.min)-1; 11.6 ± 1.5 km/h). Oxygen uptake effi ciency slope (OUES) and circulatory power were signifi cantly lower (p < 0.05) in DG, although no signifi cant alterations were found in functional capacity and ventilatory effi ciency. T2DM in absence of chronic heart failure presented exercise intolerance and lower cardiorespiratory fi tness. Peak circulatory power and OUES were also reduced in these individuals....(AU)
Foi comparar a tolerância ao exercício, funções respiratória e cardiovascular entre indivíduos não diabéticos e diabéticos tipo 2 sem doenças crônicas cardíacas. Treze homens normoglicêmicos (NDG) e oito homens diabéticos tipo 2 (DG) que realizaram um teste cardiopulmonar de esforço (TCPE) em uma esteira motorizada (o teste iniciou-se em 3km.h-1 com incremento de 1km.h-1 a cada dois minutos) que avaliou a função respiratória, parâmetros cardiovasculares e tolerância ao exercício. Valores de consumo de oxigênio e intensidades na intensidade do limiar ventilatório foram signifi cativamente menores para o DG (DG: 5,6 ± 0,5 km/h-1 e 13,1 ± 3,8 ml.(kg.min)-1; NDG: 6,5 ± 0,5 km/h-1 e 16,4 ± 2,8 ml.(kg.min)-1; p < 0,05). Consumo de oxigênio pico e intensidade associada foram signifi cativamente menores para o DG (DG: 22,7 ± 5,7 ml.(kg.min)-1; 8,2 km/h-1 ± 0,7 km/h-1) quando comparado com o NDG (30,8 ± 5,4 ml.(kg.min)-1; 11,6 ± 1,5 km/h). Oxygen uptake effi ciency slope (OUES) e circulatory power foram signifi cativamente menores para o DG (p < 0,05) embora não foram encontradas diferenças signifi cativas na efi ciência ventilatória. Em indivíduos portadores de diabetes tipo 2, mesmo sem a presença conhecida de doenças cardiovasculares, apresentaram menores níveis de condicionamento cardiorrespiratório e tolerância ao exercício. Circulatory power pico e OUES também foram reduzidos nesses indivíduos....(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Diabetes Mellitus , Exercise Test , Heart Failure , Heart Function Tests , Physical Education and TrainingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To prepare the curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles. METHODS:Microemulsion method was adopted to prepare curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and pseudo-ternary phase diagrams was conducted to optimize the preferable three-phase microemulsion factors. The optimal conditions were determined,and then hot microemulsion was dispersed in cold wa-ter to prepare SLN. After the preliminary screening of the factors (emulsifiers,lipid materials,amount of lipids,drug-to-lipid ra-tio,cold water phase temperature and the holding temperature of microemulsion)by single-factor test,with the index of encapsula-tion efficiency,the orthogonal test was conducted to optimize the formulation,followed by the verification test. RESULTS:The best microemulsion was produced at 65 ℃ with three phases consisting of stearic acid(oil phase),polysorbate 80(emulsifier)and ethanol (co-emulsifier) and the Km ratio of 1∶4. The optimal conditions for SLN were as follows as curcumin dosage of 50 mg, stearic acid of 0.5 g,cold water phase temperature of 2 ℃,holding temperature of microemulsion of 65 ℃. The encapsulation effi-ciency was 87.73% for solid lipid nanoparticles prepared,drug-loading rate was 7.72%,particle size was(156.9±2.2)nm,poly-dispersity coefficient was 0.480,average Zeta potential was -24.8 mV(RSD<2%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The microemulsion method to prepare SLN is simple and feasible.
ABSTRACT
Background and purpose:Pemetrexed is a multitargeted anti-metabolite. Pemetrexed has been approved as the second-line treatment in non-small cell lung cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical effi ciency and toxicity of pemetrexed in treatment of advanced retreated non-small cell lung cancer. Methods:17 advanced retreated NSCLC patients received pemetrexed at a dose of 500 mg/m2, the chemotherapy was repeated every 21 days on two cycles until progressive disease or untolerant adverse effects. Results:Among 17 patients, the overall response rate was 11.8%, the clinical benefi t rate was 76.5%, and the main toxicity was hematological toxicties. Conclusions: Pemetrexed is effective in treatment of advanced retreated non-small lung cancer and the toxicity can be well tolerated.