Effect of self efficacy and smoking rationalization tendency in the association of physical activity and smoking cessation beliefs among college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the roles of self efficacy and smoking rationalization tendency in the relationship between college students physical activity and smoking cessation beliefs, in order to provide a basis for the positive effects of college students physical activity on smoking cessation beliefs.@*Methods@#From May 6 to 23 in 2023, 3 048 students from 10 colleges in Jiangxi Province were recruited and surveyed using the Physical Activity Participation Scale, the Smoking Cessation Self efficacy Scale, the Smoking Rationalization Tendency Scale and the Smoking Cessation Belief Scale. The Harman one way test was adopted for common method bias test. Bias correction was unfolded by Bootstrap method, and 95% confidence intervals of parameter estimates were analyzed using repeated sampling 5 000 times.@*Results@#The results of the sequential mediation model analysis showed that physical activity was positively associated with college students beliefs about smoking cessation ( β =0.17), and physical activity, self efficacy and smoking rationalization tendency were positively associated with each other ( β =0.41, 0.08, 0.19) ( P <0.05). Both self efficacy and smoking rationalization tendency positively predicted smoking cessation beliefs ( β =0.19, 0.17, P <0.01). Self efficacy and smoking rationalization tendency mediated the relationship between physical activity and smoking cessation beliefs, with a mediating effect value of 0.09, accounting for 62.82% of the total effect value (0.15).@*Conclusions@#Self efficacy and smoking rationalization tendency have a serial mediating effect between physical activity and smoking cessation beliefs among college students. Interventions should be actively used to enhance college students beliefs about smoking cessation, promote smoking cessation behaviors.

Uma leitura psicanalítica sobre o consumo de manipulações corporais na contemporaneidade / Une lecture psychanalytique sur la consommation des manipulations corporelles à l'époque contemporaine / A psychoanalytical reading on the consumption of body manipulations in contemporary times

O presente artigo visa abordar o fenômeno contemporâneo do consumo de manipulações corporais do tipo estético a partir da teoria e da clínica psicanalíticas. Nossa hipótese de pesquisa é que a menor potência do ideal do eu em sua vertente de interdito afeta a consistência da imagem corporal, culminando em um sofrimento psíquico provocado pelo desregramento pulsional. Indagamos se a intervenção no corpo poderia apaziguar a relação imaginária através de uma idealização do corpo vendida como mercadoria

Cet article vise à aborder le phénomène contemporain de consommation de manipulations corporelles de type esthétique en s'appuyant sur la théorie et la clinique psychanalytiques. Notre hypothèse de recherche est que la puissance inférieure de l'Idéal du Moi dans son aspect d'interdit affecte la cohérence de l'imagecorporelle, culminant dans la souffrance psychique causée par le trouble instinctif. Nous nous sommes demandé si l'intervention sur le corps pouvait apaiser la relation imaginaire par une idéalisation du corps vendu comme une marchandise

This article aims to address the contemporary phenomenon of consumption of body manipulations of the aesthetic type based on psychoanalytic theory and clinics. Our research hypothesis is that the lower power of the ego ideal in its interdict aspect affects the consistency of the body image, culminating in psychic suffering caused by instinctual disorder. We asked whether intervention in the body could appease the imaginary relationship through an idealization of the body sold as a merchandise.

The influencing factors of functional somatic discomfort in clinical nurses / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the functional somatic discomfort status, and to analyze the effect of job stress, hostile attribution bias and ego depletion on functional somatic discomfort in clinical nurses. Methods: In May 2019, 10 cities in Henan Province and Fujian Province were randomly selected as sampling cities. Using the stratified cluster sampling method, nurses of clinical nursing posts in 22 third class hospitals and 23 second class hospitals were selected as the research objects. The general information, job stress, hostile attribution bias, ego depletion and functional somatic discomfort of clinical nurses were investigated by self-designed general information questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Social Information Processing-attribution Bias Questionnaire, Self-regulatory Fatigue Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-15. 1200 clinical nurses included, and a total of 1159 valid questionnaires were collected, the effective rate of questionnaire collection was 96.6%. The t test was used to compare the difference of the functional somatic discomfort scores of clinical nurses with different demographic characteristicst. The influence of job stress, hostile attribution bias and ego depletion on functional somatic discomfort of clinical nurses were analyzed with Bootstrap. Results: The functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses was (8.95±4.38), of which 859 (74.12%) had functional somatic discomfort symptom. The functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses aged 36-50 years old was higher than that of 19-35 years old, the functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses with service age ≥5 years was higher than that of <5 years, the functional somatic discomfort score of non-permanent clinical nurses was higher than that of permanent clinical nurses, the functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses in tertiary hospitals was higher than that of secondary hospitals, the functional somatic discomfort score of clinical nurses in surgical departments were higher than those in non-surgical departments, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Job stress affected functional somatic discomfort through the single mediating role of hostile attribution bias, the single mediating role of ego depletion, and the chain mediating role of hostile attribution bias and ego depletion (β=0.17, 95%CI: 0.10-0.20; β=0.16, 95%CI: 0.10-0.20; β=0.07, 95%CI: 0.03-0.10; P<0.05) . Conclusion: The functional somatic discomfort symptoms of clinical nurses are significant and varied among different age, working age, employment form, hospital grade and department groups. They are affected by work stress directly and through the separate mediating effect of hostile attribution bias and ego depletion, and the chain mediating effect of hostile attribution bias and ego depletion.

Temporal benefits of endurance running on self-control in sedentary university students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the effects of endurance running at different intensities on self-control of sedentary university students, and to reveal the immediate and sustained effects of exercise on cognitive control.@*Methods@#Ninety students with sedentary behaviors from 7 universities in a university city in Shandong Province were selected by cluster stratified random sampling. 21, 23, 21 and 25 students in the high, medium and low intensity groups and the blank control group completed the 30min endurance running exercise, combined with the willingness of the subjects. The Stroop test was conducted immediately after exercise, 5, 15 and 30 min after exercise, and the correct rate and response time of the Stroop test were used as two indicators of self-control.@*Results@#In the immediate post-exercise period, the correct response time for the control group ( 774.03 ±127.85)ms], the high-intensity group [(745.37±109.59)ms], the moderate-intensity group [(627.90±129.18)ms] and the low-intensity group [(689.90±129.79)ms] were statistically significant ( F =6.27, P <0.05). The correct rate for the control group [(94.40±2.02)%], the low-intensity group [(95.38±1.96)%], the high-intensity group [(92.43±2.32)%] and the moderate-intensity group [(96.39±1.08)%] were statistically significant ( F =14.87, P <0.05). High-intensity endurance running exercise was able to achieve the best performance at 30 min and beyond on the Stroop test response and correctness ( P <0.05), while moderate-intensity endurance running had a better effect on improving self-control than low-intensity endurance running at 30 min post-exercise.@*Conclusion@#High and moderate-intensity endurance running exercises can effectively improve self-control in sedentary university students. It is recommended that moderate or high intensity endurance running be performed as the body can tolerate it to improve self-control and cognitive ability.

Advances in neural circuits of innate fear defense behavior / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Fear, a negative emotion triggered by dangerous stimuli, can lead to psychiatric disorders such as phobias, anxiety disorders, and depression. Investigating the neural circuitry underlying congenital fear can offer insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of related psychiatric conditions. Research on innate fear primarily centers on the response mechanisms to various sensory signals, including olfactory, visual and auditory stimuli. Different types of fear signal inputs are regulated by distinct neural circuits. The neural circuits of the main and accessory olfactory systems receive and process olfactory stimuli, mediating defensive responses like freezing. Escape behaviors elicited by visual stimuli are primarily regulated through the superior colliculus and hypothalamic projection circuits. Auditory stimuli-induced responses, including escape, are mainly mediated through auditory cortex projection circuits. In this article, we review the research progress on neural circuits of innate fear defensive behaviors in animals. We further discuss the different sensory systems, especially the projection circuits of olfactory, visual and auditory systems, to provide references for the mechanistic study of related mental disorders.

Association of Ego-depletion level with glycemic control and quality of life among adolescents with type 1 diabetes / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the ego-depletion level of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to explore its association with glycemic control and quality of life.Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey study. A total of 195 adolescents with T1DM were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from March to September 2022 by convenient sampling method. The Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale (SRF-S) and Short Form of the Chinese version Diabetes Quality of Life for Youth Scale (C-DQOLY-SF) and the general information questionnaire were collected and the glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) value was detected. Results:The total score of self-regulatory fatigue for 195 adolescents with T1DM was (42.23 ± 9.94) points, with a scoring rate of 52.79%, which was at a medium level. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of self-regulatory fatigue was positively correlated with HbA1c ( r = 0.25, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with quality of life ( r = -0.61, P<0.01). The hierarchical linear regression results showed that after controlling for demographic sociolagy and disease variables, ego-depletion had a positive predictive effect on HbA1c ( t = 3.69, P<0.01), while ego-depletion had a negative predictive effect on Quality of life ( t = -8.48, P<0.01). Conclusions:Ego-depletion of adolescents with T1DM may affect their blood glucose control and quality of life, which should be noticed by medical workers.

Role of regulatory emotional self efficacy and positive psychological capital in the relationship between resilience and the mental health of college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the chain mediating effect of regulatory emotional self efficacy and positive psychological capital on resilience and the mental health of college students.@*Methods@#A total of 809 college students of Chaohu University were selected and were administered with the the Self report Symptom Invertory, Symptom Checklist,90 (SCL-90), Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Regulatory Emotional Self efficacy Scale (RES-C) and Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PPQ). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed, taking resilience, regulatory emotional self efficacy and positive psychological capital as independent variables and the mental health of college students as dependent variables, meanwhile test the intermediary effect.@*Results@#Differences were found in resilience(3.52±0.55,3.27±0.42), regulatory emotional self efficacy(3.58± 0.59 ，3.32±0.57), positive psychological capital(4.74±0.77，4.49±0.76) and mental health(158.66±33.01，176.53±34.73) among college students with different sources(urban and rural)( t =55.82，39.22，21.28，-54.14， P <0.05). Resilience, regulatory emotional self efficacy and positive psychological capital were significantly associated with the severity of mental health of college students( R 2= 0.21, P <0.01). Regulatory emotional self efficacy and positive psychological capital played a significant chain mediating role between resilience and poor mental health( effect =-0.03, P <0.05), and the mediating effect accounted for 39.3% of the total effect.@*Conclusion@#The mental health of college students can be improved by strengthening levels of resilience and enhancing regulatory emotional self efficacy, and constructing positive psychological capital could contribute to the association between resilience and mental health.

Influence of self stigma on depression of disabled college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the causal relationship between self stigma and depression among college students with disabilities, so as to provide reference for mental health promotion among disabled college students.@*Methods@#In October，2021 (T1) and April，2022 (T2)，291 college students from four majors of School of Special Education of Hebei Open University were selected by cluster sampling method to conduct two follow up tests，and online questionnaires were conducted by using Disability Self Stigma Scale，Perceived Social Support Scale and Center for Epidemiological Survey，Depression Scale，and the mediation of perceived social support was established in the cross lag model.@*Results@#The average scores of depressive symptoms of disabled college students in T1 and T2 were (43.51±8.26, 46.82±9.13). The cross lag model showed that T1 self stigma could positively predict T2 depressive( β =0.17, P <0.01). Cross group analysis showed that T1 perceived social support plays a longitudinal mediating role between T1 self stigma and T2 depressive. Predictive effects of self stigma on depressive symptoms in female students ( β =0.42) was stronger than that in males ( β =0.29)( P <0.01). Predictive effects of perceived social support on depressive in female students( β =-0.36) was stronger than that of the males( β =-0.19)( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#There is a causal relationship between self stigma and depressive symptoms among college students with disabilities. Intervention aim at promoting perceived social support might help to control depressive symptoms.

From the Cartesian subject to the identity subject: on the narcissistic nature of suffering / Do sujeito cartesiano ao sujeito identitário: sobre natureza narcísica do sofrimento

RESUMO: O presente artigo tem um caráter especulativo. Ele tenciona apresentar a origem do sujeito identitário da psicanálise na filosofia cartesiana, ou mais precisamente no sujeito cartesiano. A minha tese é a de que Descartes funda o sujeito moderno na identidade dele com a consciência que o sujeito guarda para si mesmo de sua própria interioridade. Esse caráter identitário do sujeito cartesiano pode ser entendido em uma ótica psicanalítica, por meio da compreensão de que o ego tenta narcisicamente manter a sua própria integridade. Assim, sustento que Descartes inaugura em certo sentido o identitarismo por fornecer, com a sua compreensão de sujeito, a base que estrutura o ego na psicanálise, entendido como processo subjetivo de identificação consigo mesmo.

Abstract: My paper has a speculative character. It intends to present the origin of the identity subject in Cartesian philosophy. My thesis is that Descartes founds the modern subject in his identity with the awareness that he keeps to himself of his own interiority. This identity character of the Cartesian subject can be understood from a narcissistic perspective, at the center of which is the ego's attempt to maintain its own integrity. Thus, I maintain that Descartes inaugurates, in a certain sense, the identitarianism.

Egodistónico: Una Revisión en Busca de Definiciones / Ego-Dystonia: a Review in Search of Definitions

RESUMEN La vivencia egodistónica se refiere a la valoración negativa del sujeto sobre algunos de sus pensamientos o emociones, en el contexto de un estado de conciencia conservado, al igual que otros aspectos de su vida social e intrapersonal que se encuentran relativamente intactos. La egodistonía es un constructo ampliamente utilizado, pero que no ha sido definido en términos razonablemente operativos. Tal vez ello explica por qué ha dejado de utilizarse en las clasificaciones contemporáneas de los trastornos mentales, como la ICD-11 y el DSM-5. Lo egodistónico se relaciona con la conciencia de enfermedad mental, con los sentimientos de culpa y la vergüenza, pero intuitivamente percibimos diferencias relevantes entre todas estas vivencias. La teoría psicoanalítica concibe lo egodistónico como una alteración en la estructuración temprana del Yo. La psicología cognitiva lo concibe como una disfunción de los mecanismos correctivos que armonizan lo cognitivo y lo metacognitivo. La teoría evolutiva no ha abordado el tema directamente, sino a través del análisis de la culpa, a la cual atribuye un alto valor adaptativo, dado que limita la agresión y promueve conductas reparativas. Dada la importancia del concepto de egosintonía, es sorprendente la escasa investigación teórica y empírica sobre el tema, cuyo esclarecimiento podría representar un avance considerable en el campo de la salud mental.

ABSTRACT The ego-dystonic experience refers to the negative assessment that the subject makes of some of their thoughts or emotions, in the context of a conserved state of consciousness, as well as other aspects of their social and intrapersonal life that are relatively intact. Ego-dystonia is a widely used construct, but one that has not been defined in reasonably operational terms. Perhaps this explains why it is no longer used in contemporary classifications of mental disorders such as the ICD-11 and DSM-5. It is related to the awareness of the mental illness, with feelings of guilt and shame, but intuitively we perceive relevant differences between all these experiences. Psychoanalytic theory conceives the ego-dystonic as an alteration in the early structuring of the ego. Cognitive psychology conceives it as a dysfunction of the corrective mechanisms that harmonise the cognitive and the metacognitive. Evolutionary theory has not addressed the issue directly, but through the analysis of guilt, to which it attributes a high adaptive value, since it limits aggression and promotes reparative behaviours. Given the importance of the concept of self-attunement, it is surprising how little theoretical and empirical research there is on the subject, the clarification of which could represent a considerable advance in the field of mental health.

A função sintética do Eu e seus impasses na teoria freudiana / The Ego's synthetic function and its impasses on freudian theory / La fonction synthétique du Moi et ses impasses dans la théorie freudienne

O presente artigo objetiva abordar a função sintética do Eu e os impasses inerentes a sua plena realização, considerando a ambiguidade que tal instância carrega nos escritos de Freud. Em primeiro lugar, a ideia de que as psiconeuroses resultam de um caso de inconciliabilidade entre representações sexuais e o Eu será retomada, a fim de explicitar os problemas resultantes do fato de certos conteúdos psíquicos não se harmonizarem com o último. Em segundo lugar, será recuperado o conceito de narcisismo, já que neste contexto Freud concebe o Eu como uma unidade que precisa ser constituída. Por fim, na principal parte deste ensaio será abordada a função sintética que Freud atribui ao Eu já no quadro da segunda tópica psíquica e do segundo dualismo pulsional. Ao mesmo tempo em que a marca do Eu é sua tendência à síntese, esta fracassa constantemente e conduz à patologia. Isso se relaciona ao fato de essa instância operar não só a favor das pulsões de vida e das atividades de ligação, mas também das pulsões de morte e de sua busca pelo desligamento, o que, por sua vez, afeta os rumos da concepção freudiana da clínica.

This article aims to address the synthetic function of the Ego and the impasses inherent to its full realization, considering the ambiguity that such an instance carries in Freud's writings. Firstly, the idea that psychoneuroses result from a case of irreconcilability between sexual representations and the Ego will be resumed, in order to explain the problems resulting from the fact that certain psychic contents do not harmonize with the latter. Second, the concept of narcissism will be recovered, since in this context Freud conceives the Ego as a unit that needs to be constituted. Finally, in the main part of this essay the synthetic function that Freud attributes to the Ego in the context of the second psychic topography and the second drive dualism will be approached. At the same time that the stamp of the Ego is its tendency to synthesis, it constantly fails and leads to pathology. This is related to the fact that this instance operates not only in favor of life drives and binding activities, but also of death drives and his search for unbinding, which, in its turn, affects the direction of freudian's conception of the clinic.

Cet article objective aborder la fonction synthétique du Moi et les impasses inhérentes à sa pleine réalisation, en considérant l'ambiguïté que cette instance charge dans les écrits freudiens. Au début, l'idée selon laquelle les psychonévroses résultent d'un cas d'inconciliabilité entre les représentations sexuelles et le Moi sera repris, afin d'expliciter les problèmes résultants du fait que certains contenus psychiques ne s'harmonisent pas avec le dernier. Ensuite, le concept de narcissisme sera récupéré, puisque dans ce contexte Freud conçoit le Moi comme une unité qui réclame d'être constituée. À la fin, dans la partie plus importante de cet essai sera abordée la fonction synthétique que Freud attache au Moi déjà dans le cadre de la deuxième topique psychique et du deuxième dualisme pulsionnel. À la fois que le signe du Moi est sa tendance à là synthèse, elle fracasse constamment et conduit à la pathologie. Ceci se rapporte au fait de cette instance opérer non seulement en profit des pulsions de vie et des activités de liaison, mais encore des pulsions de mort et sa recherche pour la déliaison, ce que, de son côté, affecte les destins de la conception freudienne de la clinique.

"A Autoestrada do Sul": movimento e paralisação / The Southern Highway: movement and stoppage / La carretera del sur: movimiento y paralización

Basado en el ensayo "Un capítulo sobre el sueño" del escritor escocés Robert Louis Stevenson, el artículo analiza las reflexiones del autor sobre el mundo onírico y el proceso creativo literario contenido en el ensayo y teje correlaciones entre las ideas de Stevenson y las ideas de Jung sobre el trabajo con sueños, psique y creatividad. La relación de la conciencia con la vida onírica, las reflexiones sobre la dualidad de la conciencia, la identidad y la creación literaria son temas abordados por Stevenson en el mencionado ensayo. Son ideas precursoras de una comprensión de la influencia onírica en la creatividad análogas a las concepciones desarrolladas posteriormente por Jung, sobre complejos creativos de la psique, la imaginación y el trabajo con los sueños. En este entrelazamiento de la perspectiva literaria y la perspectiva psicológica, con la teoría junguiana como referencia, tengo la intención de destacar las aproximaciones que el método junguiano de comprender y trabajar con la psique tiene con la imaginación literaria como se describe por Stevenson.

In this text, I intend to work symbolically on some intersections between Júlio Florêncio Cortázar's short story "The Southern Highway" and analytical psychology, thereby discussing concepts such as ego and persona. I make some approximations and associations between aspects explored by Cortázar in this short story and the challenges of our contemporary life, which allow for a reflection on the ephemeral yet intense encounters that can define and structure our relationships and the profound need for contact that is becoming increasingly important and challenging. I end the text with an approximation between aspects of the story and the movements of isolation and stoppage that we also compulsorily experienced during the recent pandemic.

Busco en este texto trabajar simbólicamente algunas intersecciones entre el cuento de Julio Florencio Cortázar "La carretera del sur" y la psicología analítica, discutiendo conceptos como el ego y la persona. Hago algunas aproximaciones y asociaciones entre aspectos explotados por Cortázar en este cuento y los desafíos de nuestra vida contemporánea, discutiendo encuentros efímeros pero fuertes que pueden definir y estructurar nuestras relaciones y la profunda necesidad de contacto, cada vez más importante y desafiante. Termino el texto con una aproximación entre los aspectos del cuento y los movimientos de aislamiento y paralización que vivimos de manera obligatoria durante el reciente período de pandemia.

The Beauty of the House / La belleza de la Casa / A beleza da Casa

Abstract Personality is a complex, nuanced aspect of the human experience. In this paper, Nyary explores the theme of personality as it relates to Susanna Clarke's novelPiranesi.In this novel, the main character Piranesi, a London native, is trapped in the House, a labyrinth with hundreds of rooms, where he has no memory of his past life. Piranesi transforms into a different person after a prolonged stay in the House. As a consequence of human nature, individuals tend to create personas that they present to others to appear more likable while withholding their true personalities. Nyary asserts that the House represents one's true personality while London represents the version one shows to the world. Broadening the scope of this metaphor, Nyary emphasizes the importance of understanding and nurturing one's true personality and the implications this has for society.

Resumen La personalidad es un aspecto de la experiencia humana que es complejo y está lleno de matices. En este artículo, Nyary explora el tema de la personalidad en relación con la novela Piranesi de Susanna Clarke, cuyo personaje principal, el londinense Piranesi, está atrapado en la Casa, un laberinto con cientos de habitaciones, sin ningún recuerdo de su vida pasada. Tras una estancia prolongada en este lugar, Piranesi se transforma en una persona diferente. Lo anterior refleja que, como consecuencia de la naturaleza humana, las personas tienden a crear una imagen pública para parecer más agradables, mientras ocultan sus verdaderas personalidades. Nyary afirma que la Casa representa nuestra verdadera personalidad y Londres, la versión que mostramos al mundo. Al ampliar el alcance de esta metáfora, Nyary hace énfasis en la importancia de comprender y nutrir nuestra verdadera personalidad y las implicaciones que esto tiene para la sociedad.

Resumo A personalidade é um aspecto da experiência humana que é complexo e está cheio de nuances. Neste artigo, Nyary explora o tema da personalidade com relação ao romance Piranesi de Susanna Clarke, cuja personagem principal é o londrino Piranesi, o qual está preso na Casa, um labirinto com centenas de quartos, sem nenhuma recordação de sua vida passada. Após uma estada prolongada nesse lugar, Piranesi se transforma numa pessoa diferente. Isso reflete que, como consequência da natureza humana, as pessoas tendem a criar uma imagem pública para parecerem mais agradáveis, enquanto escondem suas verdadeiras personalidades. Nyary afirma que a Casa representa nossa verdadeira personalidade e Londres, a versão que mostramos ao mundo. Ao ampliar o escopo dessa metáfora, Nyary enfatiza a importância de compreender e nutrir nossa verdadeira personalidade e as consequências que isso traz para a sociedade.

"morrer de vergonha": uma investigação psicanalítica sobre vergonha, humilhação e abjeção na migração de retorno / "die of shame": a psychoanalytic investigation of shame, humiliation and abjection in return migration

RESUMO: A migração de retorno se tornou apenas recentemente objeto de pesquisas no campo da saúde mental. A experiência do migrante de retorno em sua comunidade de origem o expõe aos olhares de alteridade que apontam para a fragilidade tanto de seus ideais egóicos como daqueles partilhados com o grupo cultural, particularmente quando o retorno se faz "com as mãos abanando". Com duas vinhetas clínicas tiradas de uma pesquisa conduzida no Senegal entre 2014 e 2019, abordamos esse cenário no qual os sujeitos enfrentam vergonha, humilhação e abjeção quando retornam, ficando condenados a um espaço marginal de entre-dois migratório.

Abstract: Return migration has only recently become subject of research in the field of mental health. The experience of the returning migrant in his community of origin exposes him to the eyes of otherness that point to the fragility of both his ego ideals and those shared with the cultural group, particularly when the return is made "with empty hands". With two clinical vignettes taken from a survey conducted in Senegal between 2014 and 2019, we approach this scenario in which the subjects face shame, humiliation and abjection when they return, being condemned to a "migratory between-two" marginal space.

Os estados de ego pela experiência psicodramática bipessoal: a externalização de papéis internos (partes) / Estados del ego a través de la experiencia psicodramática bipersonal: la exteriorización de roles internos (partes) / Ego states through bipersonal psychodramatic experience: the externalization of internal roles (parts)

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o manejo clínico para externalização dos papéis internos ou partes, através da experiência psicodramática, tendo por base as técnicas de Moreno e de Rojas-Bermúdez, a exemplo da construção de imagens tridimensionais e bidimensionais por meio de pessoas, objetos, bonecos, tecidos e o psicodrama interno desenvolvido por outros autores. A gênese das partes, em geral, está relacionada à dissociação decorrente de traumas ou ao introjeto de figuras parentais significativas, principalmente quando o apego é inseguro. Traumas complexos, relacionados a bullying, abuso sexual, violência doméstica de várias naturezas ao longo do desenvolvimento da criança vai trazer à tona essas partes internas que precisam ser bem compreendidas porque afetam vários papéis sociais. Papéis internos, partes, eu parcial, divisão interna, personagens, estados de ego, criança ferida, subpersonalidades são denominações de um mesmo fenômeno, que se manifesta pela multiplicidade de eus. Esse fenômeno é também constatado no campo da neurose e em normóticos.

RESUMEN Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar el manejo clínico para la externalización de roles o partes internas, a través de la experiencia psicodramática, basada en las técnicas de Moreno y Rojas-Bermúdez, como la construcción de imágenes tridimensionales y bidimensionales a través de personas, objetos, marionetas, tejidos y el psicodrama interno desarrollado por otros autores. La génesis de las partes, en general, está relacionada con la disociación resultante del trauma o la introyección de figuras parentales significativas, especialmente cuando el apego es inseguro. Los traumas complejos relacionados con el bullying, el abuso sexual, la violencia doméstica de diversa índole a lo largo del desarrollo del niño sacarán a la luz estas partes internas, que deben entenderse bien porque afectan a varios roles sociales. Roles internos, partes, yo parcial, división interna, personajes, los estados del ego, los niños heridos, las subpersonalidades son denominaciones del mismo fenómeno, que se manifiesta por la multiplicidad de Yoes. Este fenómeno también se observa en el campo de la neurosis y en la normótica.

ABSTRACT This article aims to present the clinical management for externalization of internal roles or parts, through psychodramatic experience, based on the techniques of Moreno and Rojas-Bermúdez, such as the construction of three-dimensional and two-dimensional images through people, objects, puppets, tissues and the internal psychodrama developed by other authors. The genesis of the parts, in general, is related to dissociation resulting from trauma or the introjection of significant parental figures, especially when the attachment is insecure. Complex traumas related to bullying, sexual abuse, domestic violence of various natures throughout the child's development will bring to light these internal parts, which need to be well understood because they affect various social roles. Internal roles, parts, partial self, internal division, characters, ego states, wounded children, subpersonalities are denominations of the same phenomenon, which is manifested by the multiplicity of selves. This phenomenon is also observed in the field of neurosis and in normotics.

The influence of workplace violence on burnout sense in clinical nurses / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the influence mechanism of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion between effects of workplace violence on burnout sense in clinical nurses. Methods: In May 2019, 10 cities in Henan Province and Fujian Province were selected as sampling cities by the method of grabbing random balls. Using the stratified cluster sampling method, nurses in clinical nursing posts in 22 third class hospitals and 23 second class hospitals were selected as the research objects for a cross-sectional epidemiological survey, including 1200 nurses. A total of 1159 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective rate was 96.6%. 1159 clinical nurses were investigated by workplace violence scale, event impact scale, self-regulation fatigue scale and job burnout scale. The items contained in the questionnaire were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis with Harman single factor test, and the demographic characteristics of nurses' workplace violence, invasive thinking, self loss and job burnout were compared and analyzed with s-n-k. Results: Those with less than 3 years of service, those with more than 3 years of aggressive thinking and self loss score, and those with less than 3 years of job burnout score; The score of job burnout of unmarried was lower than that of married; The scores of invasive thinking and self loss of non editors were higher than those of current editors; The scores of workplace violence, aggressive thinking, self loss and job burnout of clinical nurses in tertiary hospitals were higher than those in secondary hospitals; The score of job burnout of undergraduate and above is higher than that of junior college and below; The scores of workplace violence, aggressive thinking and self loss of clinical nurses in surgical departments were higher than those in non-surgical departments; The job burnout score of those aged 36 and above was higher than that of those aged <36, The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05) . Aggressive thinking and self attrition played a mediating role between workplace violence and job burnout. Workplace violence affected job burnout through the single mediating role of aggressive thinking, the single mediating role of self attrition, and the chain mediating role of aggressive thinking self attrition (β=0.16、0.08、0.03, 95%CI: 0.251~0.190、0.121~0.028、0.050~0.012, P<0.05) . Conclusion: Workplace violence affects burnout sense through the independent mediating role of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion and the chain mediating role of intrusive thoughts and ego depletion in clinical nurses.

Relationship between different roles of school bullying and self consciousness among adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between different roles of school bullying and self consciousness among adolescents, and to provide a reference for school bullying prevention and control.@*Methods@#In Ezhou and Xiaogan, two cities selected randomly from Hubei Province, 4 336 middle school students randomly selected from Ezhou and Xiaogan City in Hubei Province by stratified cluster sampling method during March to October in 2017, were investigated for an anonymous questionnaire survey. The Chinese version of adolescent school violence questionnaire was used to evaluate the different roles in school bullying, and the Self Consciousness Scale(SCS) was used to assess the level of self awareness.@*Results@#About 18.9% of the respondents (819) were involved in bullying, among 86(2.0%) were pure perpetrators, 369 (8.5%) were pure victims, 364 (8.4%) were perpetrator victims. There were significant differences in public and private self awareness among different roles of campus bullying ( F=4.05, 2.90, P <0.05). The public self awareness score of perpetrator victims was higher than that of the uninvolved. The private self consciousness score of perpetrator victims was lower than that of the uninvolved ( P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression showed a negative correlation between private self awareness and perpetrator victims. Private self awareness might reduce the risk of teenagers becoming perpetrator victims ( OR=0.93, 95%CI =0.91-0.96). A positive correlation between public self awareness and perpetrator victims and public self awareness might increase the risk of adolescents becoming perpetrator victims ( OR=1.08, 95%CI = 1.06- 1.11).@*Conclusion@#Self awareness is related to different roles of school bullying, and higher public self awareness and lower private self awareness are important predictors of perpetrator victims of school bullying.

Correlation between self-health management, adaptation, and perceived stress among nursing interns in medical school / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore health self-management, adaptation, and perceived stress among nursing interns in medical colleges and universities under the normal prevention and control of COVID-19, and to provide a scientific basis for the health management of practice nursing students.@*Methods@#Medical colleges in the Inner Mongolia region were selected to study 263 nursing student interns by cluster random sampling. The survey was conducted using the Health Self-Management Ability Assessment Scale, the Chinese College Students Adjustment Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale.@*Results@#The total score of health self-management ability of nursing students during internship was (138.31±20.13). The total score of health self-management ability of nursing students with different educational backgrounds and different residence places was statistically significant ( F/t =3.51, 2.46, P < 0.05 ); the total adaptive score was (3.17±0.72); during the epidemic, the total score of perceived stress was (11.52±2.79), and the difference in the total score of perceived stress among nursing students with different educational backgrounds was statistically significant ( t=4.05, P <0.05). Pearson analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between health self-management ability, adaptation, and perceived stress among nursing students during the epidemic period ( r =-0.31, -0.35, P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#There was a close relationship between perceived stress of nursing students and health self-management and adaptation; the educators in medical colleges should actively explore strategies to improve the health self-management ability and adaptation level of nursing students to enhance the psychological adjustment ability of nursing students to maintain good physical and mental health.

Influence of mindfulness group training on procrastination, self esteem, self efficacy of middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the influence of mindfulness group training on the procrastination, self esteem and self efficacy of middle school students, so as to provide a reference for mental health promotion of middle school students.@*Methods@#A total of 120 cases of middle school students selected by the stratified random sampling were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group did not accept any intervention,the observation group accepted mindfulness group training. The Five factors of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Chinese Irrational Procrastination Scale (IPS) and Active Procrastination Scale (APS), Rosenberg Self esteem Scale (RSES), General Self efficacy Scale (GSES) were measured before and after training.@*Results@#After training, the FFMQ score in the observation group was (122.87±18.48), significantly lower than (106.55±15.36) the control group( t=5.26, P <0.05); the rate of low mindfulness in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group(8.33%, 33.33%, χ 2=11.37, P <0.05). The scores of IPS and APS in the observation group were ( 17.89 ±4.21) and (40.94±9.25), significantly lower than (28.67±5.43) and (55.64±10.82) the control group( t= -12.15 , -8.00, P <0.05); the rate of high procrastination behavior of IPS and APS in the observation group was 20.00% and 23.33% , significantly lower than 38.33% and 41.67% the control group( χ 2=4.88, 4.60, P <0.05). The scores of GSES and RSES scores in the observation group were (34.17±3.42) and (34.71±4.64), significantly higher than (30.09±3.35) and (30.23±4.23) the control group( t=6.60, 5.53, P <0.05); the rate of low self efficacy and low self esteem in the observation group was 15.00% and 18.33%, significantly lower than 33.33% and 36.67% the control group( χ 2=5.50, 5.06, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Mindfulness group training is conducive to improving the level of mindfulness of middle school students,reducing the procrastination behavior, improving the self esteem and self efficacy, which can improve adolescents physical and mental health.

Ego defense mechanisms among pediatric dental postgraduate students in India A descriptive cross-sectional study

Background: Ego defense mechanisms (EDMs) act as a major factor for overcoming stressful situations in life. Aims: The study aimed to assess the various patterns and factors of EDMs employed by pediatric dental postgraduate students in India. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional design, web-based questionnaire survey. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study on EDM was conducted among 246 pediatric dental postgraduates in India from July to October 2019. The modified form of the Defense Style Questionnaire-20 included 10 EDMs under three major patterns– Mature, Immature, and Neurotic. The questionnaire was sent to all pediatric dental postgraduates enrolled in the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry and reminders were sent every week for 6 weeks. Results: Among the 1041 pediatric dental postgraduates who received the E-mail, two hundred and forty-six students responded to the same. The respondents included 89 males and 157 females. The mature pattern was found to be the most commonly employed EDM (males-47.20%; females-51.60%). Sublimation (72.76%), a mature type of defense was found to be the most common EDM factor employed by the majority of the students. The immature pattern was higher among males when compared to females (males-14.60%; females-5.70%). Conclusion: Most pediatric dental postgraduates exhibited a mature pattern, followed by a neurotic and immature pattern of EDM. The mature pattern of EDM was displayed more by the female students than the male students. Sublimation was found to be the maximum expressed factor followed by acting out.