ABSTRACT
Bleeding during cardiac surgery, liver transplant, trauma and post partum hemorrhage are often multifactorial and these factors are dynamic as new factors crop up during the course of management. Conventional tests of coagulation offer information of a part of the coagulation system and also is time consuming. Viscoelastic point of care tests (VE POCTs) like rotational thromboelastometry, thromboelastogram and Sonoclot, are based on analysis of the viscoelastic properties of clotting blood and provide information for the entire coagulation pathway. In this comprehensive review being presented here, we have examined the pros and cons of VE POCTs including clinical, cost and survival benefits. The recommendations of the various guidelines regarding use of VE POCTs in various scenarios have been discussed. The review also tried to offer suggestions as to their optimal role in management of bleeding during cardiac surgeries, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, left ventricular assist devices, liver transplant and briefly in trauma and postpartum hemorrhage.
ABSTRACT
Es conocida la importancia que reviste el grado de fibrosis en el manejo de las enfermedades hepáticas crónicas. Desde hace muchos años el estudio de elección para evaluar la misma es la biopsia hepática. En la actualidad se busca un método alternativo y de carácter no invasivo, para su diagnóstico y evaluación. Es así que han surgido pruebas tanto serológicas como imagenológicas, las que solas o en combinación, han logrado sustituir en muchos casos a la punción biópsica hepática. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo conocer una nueva técnica de diagnóstico por imagen que evalúa la fibrosis del hígado de una forma segura, precisa y de bajo costo. La elastometría de transición es actualmente un método ampliamente usado alrededor del mundo para la valoración de los pacientes portadores de enfermedades hepáticas crónicas, en particular las virales, y en especial la hepatitis crónica por virus C. La misma estará próximamente disponible en el país con posibilidad de acceso de todo el sistema sanitario.
The importance of the degree of fibrosis in the management of chronic liver diseases is well recognized. For many years, the liver biopsy has been the study of choice to evaluate it. More recently, efforts have been geared to finding an alternative non invasive method for its diagnosis and assessment. Hence, there is evidence that both combined or alone, new serology and imaging testing have succeeded in replacing the liver biopsy punction. This work is intended to discuss a new imaging diagnostic technique to evaluate the liver in a harmless, precise and inexpensive way. Transient elastometry is a broadly used method currently available around the world for the work-up of patients with chronic liver diseases -particularly viral infections- and more specifically, chronic hepatitis caused by virus C. The technique will be available in the country soon, and the entire health system will have access to it.