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Abstract Dengue fever (DF) is increasingly recognized as one of the worlds major mosquito borne diseases and causes significant morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue fever is endemic in most part of Pakistan and continues to be a public health concern. Knowledge, attitude and practices can play an important role in management of the disease. Current study was aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding dengue fever among health practitioners, to study the level of knowledge and attitude with preventive practices for dengue fever. A cross sectional study was carried out in medical practitioners of the four districts of Malakand region during October to November 2019. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from medical practitioners. Data was analyzed using Graph Pad version 5. Significant value was considered when less than 0.05 (at 95% confidence of interval). The results revealed that most of participants have seen dengue vector (62%), the media being the most quoted source of information. Nearly 81.2% participants were aware from transmission of dengue fever is by mosquito bite. Practices based upon preventive measures were found to be predominantly focused towards prevention of mosquito bites rather than elimination of breeding places. Although the knowledge regarding DF and mosquito control measure was quite high among the medical practitioners but this knowledge was not put into practice. Further studies are required to aware the people about dengue and its vector in order to get prevention and control.
Resumo A dengue (DF) é cada vez mais reconhecida como uma das principais doenças transmitidas por mosquitos do mundo e causa significativa morbidade e mortalidade em países tropicais e subtropicais. A dengue é endêmica na maior parte do Paquistão e continua a ser um problema de saúde pública. Conhecimento, atitude e práticas podem desempenhar papel importante no manejo da doença. O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar o nível de conhecimento, atitude e práticas em relação à dengue entre os profissionais de saúde, para estudar o nível de conhecimento e atitude com as práticas preventivas da dengue. Um estudo transversal foi realizado com médicos dos quatro distritos da região de Malakand de outubro a novembro de 2019. Um questionário pré-estruturado foi usado para coletar dados de médicos. Os dados foram analisados no Graph Pad versão 5. Valor significativo foi considerado quando menor que 0,05 (com intervalo de confiança de 95%). Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos participantes já viu o vetor da dengue (62%), sendo a mídia a fonte de informação mais citada. Quase 81,2% dos participantes sabiam que a transmissão da dengue é por picada de mosquito. Constatou-se que as práticas baseadas em medidas preventivas se concentravam predominantemente na prevenção de picadas de mosquitos, e não na eliminação de criadouros. Embora o conhecimento sobre DF e medidas de controle de mosquitos fosse bastante elevado entre os médicos, esse conhecimento não foi colocado em prática. Mais estudos são necessários para conscientizar a população sobre a dengue e seu vetor, a fim de se obter prevenção e controle.
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The prevention and control of endemic diseases belongs to public health undertakings, and public health issues are of great importance to the national economy and people's livelihood. This paper discusses how to promote the further development of the prevention and control of endemic diseases based on the actual situation of the prevention and control of endemic diseases. It is suggested that measures should be taken to develop a long-term mechanism and improve the system construction, so as to realize the sustainable development of endemic disease prevention in the new era and better meet the health needs of the people.
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@#Over the last decades, the epidemiology of human brucellosis globally has been subjected to significant changes, with the eradication of many existing endemic hot spots. This paper describes three cases with initial misdiagnosis of brucellosis that were managed during 2011-2017 in Republic of North Macedonia, country that until recently has been declared as endemic region. In spite of the fever, constitutional symptoms, focal disease (spondylitis, pneumonia and orchitis) and previous contact with domestic animals, brucellosis was not initially recognized, and patients were inadequately managed. Brucellosis should be part of differential diagnostic considerations in patients exposed to contacts with animals, with osteoarticular symptoms and signs, constitutional manifestations and different organ involvements in endemic regions where its incidence is diminishing.
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Resumo Objetivo Traçar o perfil sociodemográfico dos agentes de combate a endemias (ACEs) dos municípios que compõem a microrregional de saúde de Itaúna, Minas Gerais; e apreender a percepção dos profissionais da vigilância entomológica sobre a doença de Chagas e serviços de saúde. Metodologia Aplicou-se um questionário semiestruturado aos ACEs e foi realizado um grupo focal com os coordenadores de endemias e digitadores. Resultados Dentre os ACEs, a maioria era do sexo feminino, entre 21 e 40 anos, com ensino médio, possuindo contrato de trabalho temporário há menos de 5 anos. Foi possível apreender: as más condições de trabalho dos ACEs, destacando-se a alta rotatividade e defasagem salarial; ausência de ações de promoção à saúde relacionadas à doença de Chagas; desarticulação entre a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e Vigilância à Saúde (VS); e críticas às ações de controle da doença pós-processo de descentralização da saúde. Conclusões Há urgência na concretização da legislação inerente à natureza trabalhista e às condições de trabalho dos ACEs, bem como ao planejamento conjunto das ações de APS e VS, garantindo a atenção integral por meio de ações de promoção à saúde voltadas à população, focando especialmente a doença de Chagas, consolidando o SUS.
Abstract Objective To trace the sociodemographic profile of endemic disease combat agents (ACEs) in the municipalities that make up the health microregion of Itaúna, Minas Gerais; and apprehend the perception of entomological surveillance professionals about Chagas disease and health services. Methodology A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the ACEs and a focus group was held with coordinators of endemic diseases and typists. Results Among the ACEs, the majority were female, between 21 and 40 years old, with high school education, with a temporary work contract for less than 5 years. It was possible to apprehend: the poor working conditions of the ACEs, highlighting the high turnover and wage gap; absence of health promotion actions related to Chagas disease; disarticulation between Primary Health Care (PHC) and Health Surveillance (HS); and criticism of disease control actions after the health decentralization process. Conclusions There is an urgent need to implement the legislation inherent to the labor nature and working conditions of the ACEs, as well as the joint planning of PHC and SV actions, guaranteeing comprehensive care through health promotion actions aimed at the population, focusing especially on Chagas disease, consolidating the SUS.
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RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos casos notificados de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos, no município de São Luís - Maranhão - Brasil. Método: estudo descritivo realizado com 826 casos notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, em São Luís - Maranhão, no período de 2010 a 2019. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e foram expressos em frequências absolutas e relativas. Resultados: faixa etária entre 10 e 14 anos (60,29%), masculino (51,09%), cor parda (69,59%), ensino fundamental incompleto (39,58%), multibacilar (62,71%), forma clínica dimorfa (54,24%), até cinco lesões (74,45%), zero a dois nervos afetados (83,23%), sem baciloscopia (46,28%), casos novos (93,70%), demanda espontânea (46,38%) e grau zero de incapacidade no diagnóstico (78,98%). Conclusão: foram demostrados parâmetros hiperendêmicos com elevado risco para a doença. Destaca-se a importância de criar estratégias de controle e prevenção para reduzir a transmissão da hanseníase em crianças.
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical profile of reported cases of Hansen´s disease in children under 15 years old in the municipality of São Luís - Maranhão - Brazil. Method: descriptive study conducted with 826 cases reported in the Notifiable Diseases Information System, in São Luís - Maranhão, in the period from 2010 to 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: age group between 10 and 14 years (60.29%), male (51.09%), brown (69.59%), incomplete elementary education (39.58%), multibacillary (62.71%), dimorphic clinical form (54.24%), up to five lesions (74.45%), zero to two nerves affected (83.23%), no bacilloscopic (46.28%), new cases (93.70%), spontaneous demand (46.38%) and zero degree of disability at diagnosis (78.98%). Conclusion: hyper-endemic parameters with high risk for the disease were demonstrated. It is important to create control and prevention strategies to reduce Hansen´s disease transmission in children.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de los casos notificados de lepra en niños menores de 15 años, en el municipio de São Luís - Maranhão - Brasil. Método: estudio descriptivo realizado con 826 casos notificados en el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria, en São Luís - Maranhão, en el período de 2010 a 2019. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y se expresaron en frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: edad entre 10 y 14 años (60,29%), sexo masculino (51,09%), color marrón (69,59%), educación elemental incompleta (39,58%), multibacilar (62,71%), forma clínica dimórfica (54,24%), hasta cinco lesiones (74,45%), de cero a dos nervios afectados (83,23%), sin baciloscopia (46,28%), casos nuevos (93,70%), demanda espontánea (46,38%) y cero grado de discapacidad en el momento del diagnóstico (78,98%). Conclusión: se demostraron parámetros hiperendémicos con alto riesgo de enfermedad. Destaca la importancia de crear estrategias de control y prevención para reducir la transmisión de la lepra en los niños.
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Endemic Diseases , Leprosy , MalpracticeABSTRACT
Objective:To dynamically monitor the prevalence and trend of dental fluorosis in children in Shandong Province, and to evaluate the prevention and control measures for drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis (referred to as drinking water-borne fluorosis), and to provide scientific basis for the next step.Methods:Totally 40 counties (cities, districts) were selected as project counties (cities, districts) from drinking water-borne fluorosis areas in Shandong Province in 2018, and all counties (cities, districts) were selected in 2019 and 2020, to investigate the situation of water improvement, detect water fluoride content, and investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years.Results:From 2018 to 2020, the detection rates of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years were 10.30% (503/4 884), 8.94% (25 895/289 539) and 8.66% (24 061/277 689), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ 2 = 27.10, P < 0.001), and the dental fluorosis indexes were 0.21, 0.18 and 0.17, respectively. The total detection rates of dental fluorosis in children of different age groups in the 3 years were 7.26% (6 590/90 775), 7.97% (9 303/116 680), 9.29% (12 167/130 915), 9.29% (12 238/131 670) and 9.95% (10 161/102 072), the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 615.71, P < 0.001). In the 3 years, the total detection rate of dental fluorosis was 8.93% (28 101/314 737) in boys and 8.69% (22 358/257 375) in girls, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 10.27, P = 0.001). In 2018 and 2019, the detection rates of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 years in water fluoride qualified villages [5.74% (235/4 095) and 7.98% (20 200/253 082)] were significantly lower than those in villages with excessive water fluoride [33.97% (268/789) and 15.62% (5 695/36 457), χ 2 = 570.61, 2 283.76, P < 0.001]. Conclusions:The prevalence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 - 12 years has been effectively controlled, and remarkable results have been achieved in prevention and treatment of drinking water-borne fluorosis in Shandong Province. However, the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children in a few endemic villages is high, so it is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring of fluoride content in drinking water and the condition of dental fluorosis among children.
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A paracoccidioidomicose não é uma doença de notificação obrigatória apesar de sua relevância na América Latina, por isso as estimativas de prevalência, incidência e morbidade dessa micose são baseadas em relatórios de levantamentos epidemiológicos, séries de casos, registros de hospitalização e dados de mortalidade. O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever aspectos relacionados com o paciente, evolução da doença, confirmação diagnóstica e tratamento de casos confirmados de paracoccidioidomicose atendidos em um hospital de ensino do sul do Brasil. Foram coletadas informações de prontuários de 27 pacientes com diagnóstico de paracoccidioidomicose confirmado no período de 2010 até 2019. O perfil prevalente foi de um paciente do sexo masculino, com idade média de 53 anos, envolvido com atividades laborais diversas, de procedência urbana, imunocompetente e sem comorbidades, tabagista, mas não etilista. Para a maioria dos casos o acometimento inicial foi pulmonar, com importante envolvimento do sistema linfático no percurso da doença. A observação microscópica das estruturas fúngicas patognomônicas em amostras de biópsia, aspirado linfonodal e escarro foi o método mais utilizado para confirmar a suspeita clínica. O itraconazol foi a primeira opção de tratamento, seguido da anfotericina B. [au]
Paracoccidioidomycosis is not a notifiable disease despite its relevance in Latin America, so estimates of prevalence, incidence and morbidity of this mycosis are based on reports of epidemiological surveys, case series, hospitalization records and mortality data. The objective of this study was to describe aspects related to the patient, disease evolution, diagnostic confirmation and treatment of confirmed cases of paracoccidioidomycosis treated at a teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Information was collected from the medical records of 27 patients diagnosed with paracoccidioidomycosis confirmed in the period from 2010 to 2019. The prevalent profile was a male patient, with a mean age of 53 years, involved in various work activities, of urban origin, immunocompetent and without comorbidities, smoker, but non-alcoholic. For most cases, the initial involvement was pulmonary, with significant involvement of the lymphatic system in the course of the disease. Microscopic observation of pathognomonic fungal structures in biopsy samples, lymph node aspirate and sputum was the most used method to confirm the clinical suspicion. Itraconazole was the first treatment option, followed by amphotericin B. [au]
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Con el objetivo de identificar los factores de riesgo para la infección por leishmaniasis cutánea en individuos del cantón Montecristi, se realizó un estudio durante enero y diciembre del 2019. La muestra estuvo conformada por 297 individuos, con edades comprendidas entre 15 y 50 años, ambos sexos. Se realizó una encuesta para conocer los factores de riesgo y nivel de conocimiento de la enfermedad. Los factores de riesgo identificados donde se mostró diferencias entre los grupos con y sin leishmaniasis fueron: la edad, el sexo, el nivel educativo, ocupación y conocimiento de la enfermedad. Se concluye que los factores de riesgo más relacionados con la enfermedad en la población de Montecristi resultaron ser sexo masculino sobre el femenino y las ocupaciones agricultores-obreros-oficios del hogar, por lo que se deben mantener promoción de salud con la finalidad de dar a conocer las medidas preventivas y así reducir la enfermedad
In order to identify risk factors for cutaneous leishmaniasis infection in individuals from the Montecristi canton, a study was carried out during January and December 2019. The sample consisted of 297 individuals, aged between 15 and 50 years, both sexes. A survey was conducted to find out the risk factors and level of knowledge of the disease. The risk factors identified where differences were found between the groups with and without leishmaniasis were: age, sex, educational level, occupation and knowledge of the disease. It is concluded that the risk factors most related to the disease in the population of Montecristi turned out to be male over female and farmers-workers-housework occupations, so health promotion should be maintained in order to give know the preventive measures and thus reduce the disease
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According to the general goal of long term development of basic science from 2021 to 2035 and the "14th Five-Year Plan" in China, starting from the reasearch characteristics and the basic situation of endemiology, this study discusses the strategic position, development law, development trend, development status and layout, development goals and realization ways of endemiology, combined with the strategic needs of the discipline, the important interdisciplinary research areas of endemiology are put forward. The purpose of this study is to promote the rapid development of basic research on endemic diseases, to provide reference for the scientific and technological layout and policy formulation of the endemiology, to provide reference for the "14th Five-Year Plan" in China, and to provide guarantee for the people in the sick area to seek health.
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Objective: In this study our main aims to know the clinicalprofile of pediatric enteric fever and the sensitivity pattern ofthe disease to drugs in this region.Methodology: This prospective observational study conductedin a tertiary care hospital at Dhaka from March to December2016 among suspected case of Enteric fever as per casedefinition. Among 212 suspected enteric fever 117 childrenwere diagnosed as enteric fever by blood culture and/or Widaltest.Results: During the study, Male: female were 1.3: 1. Maximum(70%) children were in age group 5 years or more. Most of thechildren were from urban slum area (53.6%) of Dhaka city.Cases were admitted throughout the year. Commonpresentation were fever (100%), anorexia (100%), painabdomen (74.4%) and loose motions (46.1%). The commonsigns were hepatomegaly (41.9%), hepatosplenomegaly(5.1%) coated tongue (64.9%), pallor (74.4%). Thecomplications rate was 35.9% and commonest being UTI andpneumonia. The overall positivity of Widal test was 89.7% andthe culture positivity was 32.5%. Among isolates, 94.7%wereSalmonella typhi and 5.3% Salmonella paratyphi A. Amongthem18.1% isolates were multi drug resistant.Conclusion: Enteric fever is most prevalent during summer &rainy session. WASA supplied water may play a role.Hepatomegaly is common. UTI and pneumonia are thecommonest complication. Multidrug resistant cases are not soas high as other countries. Cefixime, Ceftriaxone. Meropenamand Ofloxacine are the drugs of choice. Ciprofloxacin is stillcould be chosen for the treatment of enteric fever. Higher rateof resistant to Azithromycin is alarming.
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En países con elevada endemia tuberculosa, las personas están muy cerca a esta enfermedad a lo largo de toda su vida. Sea porque algún familiar o amigo desarrolla la enfermedad o porque en el devenir de la vida experimenta la infección o la enfermedad. En el caso del médico o profesional de la salud, seguramente su cercanía será mayor, y preferentemente si se dedica a actividades de prevención y control en tuberculosis. En este artículo se exponen las experiencias cercanas con la tuberculosis desde nuestra infancia, como estudiante de medicina, médico, investigador, salubrista y docente universitario, donde el profesional pasa situaciones afectivas personales, temas de limitaciones de conocimiento, limitaciones en el diagnóstico, hasta ejecución de investigaciones sobre problemas locales y generando respuestas en la prevención y control. Seguramente es una experiencia común en profesionales de salud que en el día a día enfrentan esta endemia, de la cual cada vez conocemos más, pero se nos hace muy difícil su control.
In countries with high tuberculosis endemicity, people are very close to this disease throughout their lives. This may be because a relative or friend develops the disease, or because in the course of their lives they themselves acquire the infection or illness. In the event, that the person is a doctor or a health professional their contact with tuberculosis will be greater, and even more so if they are involved in activities relating to its prevention and control. This article discusses my experiences with tuberculosis since childhood, as a medical student, doctor, researcher, health professional and university professor, where the professional navigates situations of a personal or emotional nature, knowledge limitations, diagnostic constraints, and even undertaking research on local problems and generating responses in prevention and control. It is surely, a common experience among health professionals who each day face this endemic which we increasingly know more about, yet it remains very difficult to control.
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The Three-year Tough Action Plan for Endemic Diseases Control (2018–2020), which was formulated by 10 ministries of China, was issued on November 29, 2018. Schistosomiasis control is an important part of this plan, and the implementation of the plan provides an important basis for the health poverty alleviation and the fight against schistosomiasis in China. This paper describes the objective and principle of the plan and proposes "six actions" and supporting measures to implement the three-year tough action targeting schistosomiasis, with aims to guide the scientific implementation of the three-year tough action against schistosomiasis and facilitate the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination in China.
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On the occasion of 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the author reviews the historical course of endemic disease prevention and control in China in the past 70 years, combs the successful experience of endemic disease prevention and control in China and points out that the most fundamental reason for the effective control or elimination of endemic diseases in China lies in the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China, in the superior socialist system, in planning, guidance and overall consideration, in unremitting efforts of a number of researchers on endemic disease prevention and control and lies in the rapid development of China’s economy and society.
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In 2018,the leading comrades of CPC Central Committee and the Sate Council have made important instructions on prevention and treatment of endemic diseases,and new and more explicit demands have been made for poverty alleviation in endemic disease areas.The National Health Commission (NHC) and nine relevant departments jointly issued a three-year campaign on prevention and treatment of endemic diseases and made a clear plan for this work for recent three years.In order to better carry out the program,the author sorts out the key tasks of prevention and treatment of endemic diseases at the present stage to forward together with the broad masses of colleagues.
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Coccidioides is a fungus that is frequently found in dry places of sparse storms, with warm temperatures during most of the year. Two species are known to infect the human being: C. immitis and C. posadasii.It is endemic in northern Mexico, southern United States, as well as in some regions of Central America and South America. It is a highly contagious organism, but mostly it generates self-limited and asymptomatic diseases. Only 10 percent of cases with pulmonary symptoms are severe and may manifest as lobar pneumonia. Some cases of multiple foci and pleural effusion are diagnosed through biopsy with molecular methods. The treatment in many cases includes the use of azole antifungals for 3-6 months and follow-up with antibody titres
El Coccidioides es un hongo que se encuentra de manera frecuente en lugares secos, con temperaturas cálidas durante la mayoría del año. Son dos especies las que se conoce que infectan al ser humano la C. Immitis y C. Posadasii. Es endémico del norte de México, sur de Estados Unidos, así como algunas pequeñas regiones de centro y Sudamérica. Es un organismo altamente contagioso, pero en su mayoría genera enfermedades autolimitadas y de tipo asintomático, los pacientes con manifestaciones pulmonares solamenteen 10 por ciento son de presentación grave. Esta puede ser como una neumonía lobar, pero en algunos casos de focos múltiples y con derrame pleural, el diagnóstico es mediante biopsia en a fechas recientes con métodos moleculares. Los tratamientos en muchos casos requieren únicamente vigilancia. De requerir tratamiento se usa antimicótico 3-6 meses con azoles y seguimientos con títulos de anticuerpos
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Humans , Male , Child , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion/microbiology , Coccidioidomycosis/complications , Coccidioidomycosis/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion/pathology , Pleural Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Thoracic , Coccidioidomycosis/pathology , Coccidioidomycosis/diagnostic imaging , Endemic DiseasesABSTRACT
The Three-year Tough Action Plan for Endemic Diseases Control (2018–2020), which was formulated by 10 ministries of China, was issued on November 29, 2018. Schistosomiasis control is an important part of this plan, and the implementation of the plan provides an important basis for the health poverty alleviation and the fight against schistosomiasis in China. This paper describes the objective and principle of the plan and proposes "six actions" and supporting measures to implement the three-year tough action targeting schistosomiasis, with aims to guide the scientific implementation of the three-year tough action against schistosomiasis and facilitate the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination in China.
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Objective To analyze the existence of zero cited papers in Chinese Journal of Endemiology,find problems,and to improve the citation frequency and academic influence of the journal.Methods In Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,the papers published in Chinese Journal of Endemiology from 2013 to 2015 were accurately retrieved.The papers were sorted according to the frequency of citations from high to low,and zero cited papers were selected.Publication time,publication column,download frequency and other information of the paper were recorded,and statistical analysis was performed.Search time was up to October 24,2018.Results From 2013 to 2015,a total of 680 papers were published,147 papers were zero cited papers,and the rate of zero cited papers was 21.62％.Among them,28,33 and 86 papers were zero cited papers in 2013,2014 and 2015,and the rates of zero cited papers were 13.33％ (28/210),15.64％ (33/211) and 33.20％ (86/259),respectively,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =33.477,P ＜ 0.01).The rates of zero cited papers in the columns of Editorial,Health Education,and Experts Forum were lower,which were 5.56％ (1/18),7.14％ (1/14) and 9.52％ (2/21),respectively;and the rates of zero cited papers in the column of Method and Brief Report were higher,which were 36.36％ (8/22) and 32.93％ (27/82),respectively.The average download frequency of 147 zero cited papers was 36,ranging from 0 to 151 times.Conclusions The citation frequency of a paper is related to the time of publication.The longer the time is,the lower rate of zero cited paper is.The journal can appropriately increase the proportion of commentary articles;publish more practical methods,and brief reports to enhance the citation frequency and academic quality.
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Endemic diseases include iodine deficiency disorders,fluorosis,arsenicosis,Keshan disease and Kaschin-Beck disease,which have been well under controlled or basically eliminated so far in China thanks to the great efforts made by our governments and medical staffs over the past decades.We are entering into a new era for consolidation of the achievements.Meanwhile,unprecedented social changes are happening in the diseases affected rural areas of China,which features:first of all,younger generation left and permanent population aging;second,severely polluted natural environment and better housing conditions;third,social transformation from self-sufficient natural economy to commodity economy with improved living standard,but still leaving a certain number of poor farmers and;lastly,backward social security system.However,there are some preferential policies issued in recent years for agriculture,alleviating grass-root social conflicts.All these changes may exert positive or negative influences on combating endemic disease,at least through disease incidence,control measures and surveillance,and further investigations are needed.
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General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward specific requirements for tackling poverty in poverty-stricken areas during his inspection in Shanxi.The endemic diseases in Shanxi have almost all species and widely distributed and seriously harmful.There are still a large number of endemic patients and some areas still need to strengthen the prevention and control measures implemented.The endemic disease has become one of the important factors restricting the economic and social development of endemic area.Based on the profound study and understanding of the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech,combined with the present situation of prevention and control of endemic diseases in Shanxi Province,centering on the targets set in the "13th Five-Year Plan" for prevention and control of endemic diseases,the author explores the significance of accurate promotion of prevention and control of endemic diseases for the poverty alleviation,and the strategy of prevention and control of endemic diseases is prospected.
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La fiebre Hemorrágica Argentina es una enfermedad viral aguda grave, de carácter sistémico, con duración de una a dos semanas, con cuadros clínicos de gravedad variable. Su agente transmisor es el virus Junín cuyo reservorio natural es el llamado ratón maicero y su zona endémica de distribución comprende sur de la provincia de Santa Fe, Córdoba, Noroeste de Buenos Aires y La Pampa, en Argentina. La primera medida preventiva para la enfermedad es la vacuna llamada Candid 1. Se realizó una encuesta poblacional para dimensionar en la zona de Venado Tuerto y localidades vecinas el alcance de la vacunación y estimar el conocimiento de la existencia de dicha vacuna, que no es de aplicación obligatoria.
Population survey on vaccination against Argentine Hemorrhagic fever in endemic area in the Province of Santa Fe. Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever is a serious systemic, acute viral disease, with a duration of one or two weeks and of variable gravity. Its transmitting agent is Junín Virus, whose natural reservoir is the corn mouse. Its endemic zone is the south of the province of Santa Fe, Cordoba, northwest of Buenos Aires and La Pampa; in Argentina. The first preventive measure for the disease is the vaccine called Candid 1. A population survey was carried out to measure the extent of vaccination and the knowledge of the vaccine, that is not of compulsory application.