ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the level of daily red meat intake and prevalence of excessive red meat intake among employees of floating population in China.Methods 48 511 employees of floating population aged 18 to 59 from 170 counties of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (District) were selected by stratified cluster sampling method.Information on red meat intake was collected by semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.Average intake of 100 g/day,recommended by the World Cancer Research Fund,was used as the cut-off point to estimate the prevalence of excessive red meat intake.After performing the complex weighted analysis,level of daily red meat intake and prevalence of excessive red meat intake were calculated by demographic characteristics including age,education,industries and body mass index etc.Results 1) The mean daily red meat intake was 125.9 g(95％CI:116.5 g-132.5 g),higher in men(141.6 g,95％CI:131.3 g-148.9 g) than in women (104.7 g,95％CI:95.8 g-111.2 g) (P＜0.01).Results from the Tendency Test did not show statistically significant changes on the red meat intake related to age,education level or body mass index (P values for trend were all greater than 0.05).The standardized mean daily intake of red meat,adjusted by 2010 census data of China,was 121.0 g(95％ CI:113.4 g-128.7 g).2) The prevalence of excessive red meat intake was 36.2％ (95％ CI:33.0％-39.3％) significantly higher in males (42.4％,95％ CI:38.9％-45.8％) than in females (27.8％,95％CI:27.1％-31.0％) (P＜0.01).The prevalence was estimated to be the highest among the population aged 30-39,with 43.5％ (95％CI:39.7％-47.4％) in males and 30.1％(95％CI:26.5％-33.9％) in females.The standardized prevalence,adjusted by 2010 census data of China,appeared to be 34.6％ (95％CI:31.9％-38.0％).Conclusion The level of daily red meat intake was higher than 1 00 g/d,the standard recommended by the World Cancer Foundation,among floating population of China.Both the mean daily red meat intake and prevalence of excessive red meat intake were higher in floating population than that in the local residents in China.
ABSTRACT
<b>Objective</b>: “<i>Ashitaba</i>” (<i>Angelica keiskei</i>) is a traditional vegetable peculiar to Japan. <i>Ashitaba</i> contains vitamins, dietary fiber and polyphenols such as chalcones abundantly. We previously reported anti-diabetic action of <i>Ashitaba </i>in an animal model as well as in diabetics. In this study, we evaluated the safety of<i> Ashitaba</i> green juice in healthy and borderline mildly diabetic subjects.<br> <b>Methods</b>: Japanese adult subjects (n = 24) ingested <i>Ashitaba</i> green juice (31.5 g granulated powder) for 4 weeks. For evaluation of safety, blood chemistry analysis, hematological analysis and urinalysis were conducted.<br> <b>Result</b>: On excessive ingestion of <i>Ashitaba</i> green juice for 4 weeks, there were no adverse clinical changes in blood analysis and urinary analysis and no serious symptom was observed.<br> <b>Conclusion</b>: These results indicate that excessive ingestion of <i>Ashitaba</i> green juice is safe in healthy and borderline mildly diabetic subjects.<br>
ABSTRACT
<i>Objective</i>: In this study, we evaluated the safety of excessive intake of granular foods containing extract of cultured <i>Lentinula edodes </i>mycelia (L.E.M.) in healthy adult volunteers.<br> <i>Methods</i>: Eleven subjects (8 males and 3 females, ages 33.4 ± 9.4) consumed the test foods containing 5,400 mg L.E.M. a day, three times the recommended daily intake, for 4 weeks.<br> <i>Results</i>: No adverse effect by excessive intake of test foods was observed in physical and clinical exam. No severe symptom was observed, except for mild gastrointestinal symptom such as soft stool in a subject who has hypersensitive intestine.<br> <i>Conclusion</i>: These results suggest that the granular food containing L.E.M. is safe in healthy adults, even if excessive amount up to 5,400 mg a day is consumed.<br>