Assessment and indicators of kinematic behavior and perceived fatigability

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between upper limb kinetics and perceived fatigability in elderly individuals during an upper limb position sustained isometric task. METHODS: A total of 31 elderly participants, 16 men (72.94±4.49 years) and 15 women (72.27±6.05 years), performed a upper limb position sustained isometric task. Upper-limb acceleration was measured using an inertial measurement unit. Perceived fatigability was measured using the Borg CR10 scale. RESULTS: Higher mean acceleration in the x-axis throughout the activity was associated with higher final perceived fatigability scores. Moderate correlations were observed between perceived fatigability variation and mean acceleration cutoffs in all axes during the second half of the activity. In women, significant correlations were found between all perceived fatigability cutoffs and mean acceleration in the y- and x-axes. However, in men, the relationships between perceived fatigability variation and mean acceleration were more extensive and stronger. CONCLUSION: The acceleration pattern of the upper limb is linked to perceived fatigability scores and variation, with differences between sexes. Monitoring upper limb acceleration using a single inertial measurement unit can be a useful and straightforward method for identifying individuals who may be at risk of experiencing high perceived fatigability or task failure.

Running intralimb coordination patterns after a foot core exercise program in recreational runners

This study investigated the effects of a foot core intervention on the coordination of foot joints in recreational runners. This was a secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial conducted with 87 recreational runners allocated to the control group (CG), which followed a placebo lower limb stretching protocol, or the intervention group (IG), which underwent an 8-week (3 times/week) foot core training. The participants ran on a force-instrumented treadmill at a self-selected speed (9.5-10.5 km/h) while the foot segment motion was captured. The vector coding technique was used to assess inter-joint coordination for four selected coupled segment and joint angles. The coordination patterns of the calcaneus and midfoot (CalMid) and midfoot and metatarsus (MidMet) joint pairs were affected. In the frontal plane, IG showed an in-phase with proximal dominancy coordination at heel strike, with a decrease in its frequency after the training (P=0.018), suggesting a longer foot supination. Additionally, IG showed an anti-phase with distal dominancy pattern at early stance compared to CG due to a smaller but earlier inversion of the CalMid-MidMet pair (P=0.020). The intervention also had an effect on the transverse plane of the CalMid-MidMet pair, with IG showing a significantly greater frequency of anti-phase coordination with proximal dominancy during propulsion than CG (P=0.013), probably due to a reduction in the CalMid abduction. Overall, the results suggested that the foot core intervention reduces the occurrence of running-related injuries by increasing the resistance to calcaneus pronation and building a more rigid and efficient lever during push-off.

Condutas cinesioterapêuticas no tratamento das tendinopatias do manguito rotador em atletas de voleibol de quadra / Kinesiotherapeutic conducts in the treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathies in indoor volleyball athletes

Introdução: o ombro do jogador de voleibol é suscetível a lesões resultantes de sobrecargas biomecânicas e movimentos repetitivos. As frequentes queixas de dor nessa articulação evidenciam o elevado volume de ações motoras unilaterais em alta velocidade acima da cabeça, atingindo o manguito rotador (MR) e gerando limitação funcional na prática desportiva. As tendinopatias do MR, formado pelos músculos subescapular, redondo menor, infraespinhal e supraespinhal, atingem comumente os tendões do supraespinhal e do infraespinhal. Objetivo: descrever as condutas cinesioterapêuticas utilizadas no tratamento das tendinopatias do MR em atletas de voleibol de quadra. Metodologia: pesquisaram-se as bases de dados MEDLINE, SciELO e BVS. Descritores: lesões do ombro, manguito rotador, atletas, voleibol e Terapia por Exercício (pesquisados em inglês), associados dois a dois ou três a três, dentre os quais o termo atletas ou voleibol sempre foi mantido. Foram incluídos artigos de revisão, artigos originais, ensaios clínicos e estudos de coorte publicados em português e inglês, entre os anos de 2009 e 2019. Resultados: inicialmente a busca resultou em 480 artigos. Após o processo de seleção, seis estudos foram revisados na íntegra e incluídos na síntese qualitativa. Conclusão: as principais condutas cinesioterapêuticas descritas foram: fortalecimento dos rotadores externos, dos músculos do tronco, da coluna e periescapulares, alongamento da região posterior do ombro e mobilizações articulares.

Introduction: the volleyball player's shoulder is susceptible to injuries resulting from biomechanical overloads and repetitive movements. The frequent complaints of pain in this joint highlight the high volume of unilateral motor actions at high speed above the head, reaching the rotator cuff (RC) and generating functional limitation in sports. RC tendinopathies, formed by the subscapularis, teres minor, infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles, commonly affect the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons. Objective: to describe the kinesiotherapeutic conducts used in the treatment of RC tendinopathies in indoor volleyball athletes. Methodology: MEDLINE, SciELO and VHL databases were searched. Descriptors: shoulder injuries, rotator cuff, athletes, volleyball and Exercise Therapy (searched in English), associated two by two or three by three, among which the term athletes or volleyball was always maintained. Review articles, original articles, clinical trials and cohort studies published in Portuguese and English between 2009 and 2019 were included. Results: initially the search resulted in 480 articles. After the selection process, six studies were fully reviewed and included in the qualitative synthesis. Conclusion: the main kinesiotherapeutic procedures described were strengthening of the external rotators, trunk, spine and periscapular muscles, stretching of the posterior region of the shoulder and joint mobilizations.

Programa de intervención mediante ejercicio físico terapéutico en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón

Fundamento las neoplasias de pulmón son el segundo cáncer más común en el mundo. El número de muertes continúa disminuyendo debido al abandono del hábito de fumar y a los avances en la detección temprana y el tratamiento. La fisioterapia juega un papel importante al ayudar al manejo y control de signos y síntomas. Objetivo describir los resultados de un programa de intervención terapéutica en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón. Métodos se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental, con 77 pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de pulmón pertenecientes a dos policlínicos de la provincia de Ciego de Ávila, en el período 2019-2021. Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, tiempo de inicio de la rehabilitación, síntomas y calidad de vida; esta última mediante el European organization for reseach and treatment of cancer quality life questionnaire core 30. Para determinar la significación al cambio después del tratamiento se utilizó el test no paramétrico de los signos para la calidad de vida. Resultados predominó el grupo etario de 65 a 79 años y el sexo masculino. El tiempo de inicio de rehabilitación osciló entre los 6 a 12 meses. El cansancio, la disnea, la ansiedad y el insomnio fueron los síntomas predominantes, y mejoraron de forma discreta, sobre todo la disnea (de 92,2 % a 50,6 %). La calidad de vida mostró también cierta mejoría, resultado estadísticamente significativo (p=0,000). Conclusión la intervención terapéutica logró paliar algunos síntomas en los pacientes de la serie en estudio, que en el caso de la calidad de vida resultó estadísticamente significativo.

Background lung neoplasms are the second most common cancer in the world. The number of deaths continues to decline due to smoking cessation and advances in early detection and treatment. Physiotherapy plays an important role in helping to manage and control signs and symptoms. Objective to describe the results of a therapeutic intervention program in patients with lung cancer. Methods a quasi-experimental study was carried out, with 77 patients diagnosed with lung cancer belonging to two polyclinics in the Ciego de Ávila province, from 2019 to 2021. The analyzed variables: age, sex, start time of rehabilitation, symptoms and quality of life; the latter using the European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality life questionnaire core 30. To determine the significance of the change after treatment, the non-parametric sign test for life quality was used. Results the age group from 65 to 79 years old and the male sex prevailed. Rehabilitation start time ranged from 6 to 12 months. Fatigue, dyspnea, anxiety, and insomnia were the predominant symptoms, and they improved slightly, especially dyspnea (from 92.2% to 50.6%). Quality of life also showed some improvement, a statistically significant result (p=0.000). Conclusion the therapeutic intervention was able to alleviate some symptoms in patients under study, which in case of quality of life was statistically significant.

The use of a single resistance exercise with or without blood flow restriction in the treatment of pain in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial / A utilização de um único exercício resistido com ou sem restrição do fluxo sanguíneo no tratamento da dor na osteoartrite de joelho: um ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Physical exercise is an efficient non-pharmacological strategy for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a technique known to enhance strength and hypertrophy gains when combined with low-intensity resistance exercise. This study aimed to analyze the effects of 12 weeks of low-intensity resistance training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on pain control and strength improvement in patients with KOA. METHODS: Two intervention groups performed low-intensity resistance exercise (knee joint extension on the leg extension chair at 30% of one repetition maximum) with (LI+BFR, n=13) or without blood flow restriction (LI, n=13), twice a week for 12 weeks. Preand post-test of one repetition maximum, functional strength (Chair-test), peak torque for unilateral knee extension exercise and pain (Visual Analogue Scale) were evaluated. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between treatments in pain reduction (p>0.05). Both interventions increased muscle strength and functional strength after 12 weeks of intervention (p<0.05). The peak torque for knee joint extension increased only in the LI+BFR group (p<0.05). Has no difference in reducing pain in patients with KOA among the groups (p< 0.05), both in the LI+BFR and the LI group. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed that BFR associated with low-intensity resistance exercise does not produce additional effects in terms of pain reduction and strength gain in patients with knee osteoarthritis, when compared to resistance exercise alone.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O exercício físico é uma estratégia não farmacológica eficiente para o tratamento da osteoartrite de joelho (OAJ). A restrição do fluxo sanguíneo (RFS) é uma técnica conhecida por potencializar o ganho de força e hipertrofia quando combinada com exercícios de resistência de baixa intensidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos de 12 semanas de treinamento de resistência de baixa intensidade com e sem restrição de fluxo sanguíneo (RFS) no controle da dor e melhora da força em pacientes com OAJ. MÉTODOS: Dois grupos de intervenção realizaram exercício resistido de baixa intensidade (extensão da articulação do joelho na cadeira extensora a 30% de uma repetição máxima) com (ER+RFS, n=13) ou sem restrição do fluxo sanguíneo (ER, n=13), duas vezes por semana durante 12 semanas. Foram avaliados pré e pós-teste de uma repetição máxima, força funcional (Chair-test), pico de torque para exercício de extensão de joelho unilateral e dor (Escala Analógica Visual). RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os tratamentos na redução da dor (p>0,05). Ambas as intervenções aumentaram a força muscular e a força funcional após 12 semanas de intervenção (p<0,05). O pico de torque para extensão da articulação do joelho aumentou apenas no grupo ER+RFS (p<0,05). A dor crônica relacionada à OAJ não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa na redução da dor (p> 0,05) em resposta a ambas as intervenções. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo evidenciaram que a RFS associada ao exercício de resistência de baixa intensidade não prouduz efeitos adicinais na redução da dor e no ganho de força em pacientes com osteoartrite de joelho, quando comparada apenas ao exercício de resistência.

Feasibility of core cervical muscle group exercises and massage in the improvement of cervical spine curvature changes during radiotherapy for head and neck neoplasms / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the role of cervical core muscle group exercise and massage in the change of cervical spine curvature during radiotherapy for head and neck tumors and the effect on set-up errors.Methods:A total of 40 patients with head and neck tumours receiving radiotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from March 2020 to July 2021 were prospectively selected, and all of them underwent different degrees of changes in cervical spine curvature during radiotherapy. The cervical core muscle exercise and manual massage were used to do treatment intervention on the change in the cervical spine curvature. Changes in cervical spine curvature at the time of the curvature change of the cervical spine and at 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after the intervention were observed by using cone beam CT, and then data were recorded in 3 dimensions. The set-up error when cervical spine curvature changed was compared with that after the muscle group exercise and manipulation, and Pearson was used to analyze the linear correlation of set-up errors in each direction.Results:There were 23 males and 17 females, with a median age of 41 years (26-62 years). The significant improvement of cervical curvature at 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after the intervention could be found in 2 cases (5.0%), 20 cases (50.0%) and 39 cases (97.5%). Using the cervical 4 vertebrae as the matching standard, the set-up errors at the time of change in cervical spine curvature and at 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after treatment were (1.3±0.9) mm, (1.2±0.8) mm, (1.3±0.7) mm and (1.3±0.7) mm in the left-right direction respectively; (2.0±0.7) mm, (1.7±0.8) mm, (1.8±0.7) mm and (1.9±0.8) mm in the head-foot direction respectively; (4.9±0.7) mm, (4.6±0.7) mm, (3.4±0.7) mm, (1.7±0.6) mm in the anterior-posterior direction respectively. The set-up error in the anterior-posterior directions at 3 d and 5 d after treatment intervention was lower than that at the time of change in cervical spine curvature and at 1 d after treatment intervention (all P < 0.01), and that at 5 d after treatment intervention was lower than that at 3 d after treatment intervention ( P < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the left-right direction and head-foot direction at each time point (all P > 0.05). There was no correlation between left-right direction and head-foot direction ( r = 0.049, P = 0.540), between left-right direction and anterior-posterior direction ( r = 0.041, P = 0.607), and between head-foot direction and anterior-posterior direction ( r = 0.003, P = 0.931) in terms of set-up errors. Conclusions:Core cervical muscle group training and massage could improve the change in cervical spine curvature, increase the repeatability of the set-up, which provides a favourable guarantee for accurate treatment.

Preparation of static training animal models and research status analysis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

As a form of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)Qigong exercises and an essential part of exercise therapy,static training has proven clinical efficacy.However,further evidence is required to reveal its mechanism of action provided by animal experiments.There are four major ways to establish static training animal models:pole climbing,hind-limb suspension,isometric-contraction weight bearing,and electrical stimulation.These models have been used to study diseases of the motor,circulatory,and endocrine systems,etc.,and the mechanism has got extensive exploration.It reviewed static training animal models and the research progress to provide theoretical evidence for static training's experimental research and mechanism exploration.

Exercising to music combined with transcranial direct current stimulation improves the motor and cognitive functioning of persons with Parkinson′s disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe any effect of combining music exercise with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the motor control, balance and cognition of persons with Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:A total of 120 PD patients were randomly divided into a control group, a music exercise group, a tDCS group and a combined group, each of 30. All received routine rehabilitation training, while the music exercise, tDCS and combined groups were additionally provided with music exercise therapy, tDCS treatment or both, respectively. Version three of the unified Parkinson′s disease scale (UPDRSIII), a 10m reentry movement test, the Berg balance scale (BBS), the Activity Balance Confidence scale (ABC) and Montreal cognitive assessments were applied before and after 4 weeks of the treatments.Results:After the treatment, the average UPDRSIII score and 10m reentry movement time of the music exercise group were significantly lower than in the control group, while the average BBS and ABC scores were significantly higher than the control group′s averages. The tDCS group′s average MoCA scores on all of the items and its total score were significantly higher than those of the music exercise and control groups. The average UPDRSIII score and 10m reentry movement time of the combined group were the lowest after the treatment, and that group′s average BBS, ABC, MoCA and total scores were the highest, significantly better than the other three groups.Conclusion:Combining music exercise training with tDCS can effectively improve the motor functioning, balance and cognition of persons with PD.

Tendon manipulation based on meridian tendon theory can improve the treatment of knee osteoarthritis / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe any effect of tendon manipulation on the joint pain, joint motion and gait of persons with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods:Sixty-one KOA patients were randomly divided into an observation group ( n=31) and a control group ( n=30). Both groups received ultrasonic physiotherapy and exercise trai-ning (including quadriceps femoris training and heel raising training), while the observation group was additionally provided with daily tendon manipulation, five times a week for 3 weeks. Before and after the treatment, knee pain (using a visual analog scale (VAS)), motor function (using the Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index scale), step length, gait speed and the double support phase ratio were evaluated in both groups using three-dimensional gait analysis equipment. Results:After the treatment the average VAS scores, as well as the joint pain, stiffness and dysfunction and the total WOMAC scores of both groups had decreased significantly. There was significant improvement in the average stride length, walking speed and the proportion of double support phase among the observation group, and the latter two measurements had also improved significantly in the control group. After the intervention, the average pain, WOMAC scores and gait descriptors of the observation group were significantly superior to the control group′s results.Conclusion:Tendon manipulation can usefully supplement routine rehabilitation in the treatment of KOA, improving walking efficiency and thus life quality.

Core stability training applying the sling exercise therapy pattern can significantly improve the balance of stroke survivors / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe the impact of core stability training in the sling exercise therapy pattern on the balance of stroke survivors.Methods:Sixty stroke survivors were randomly divided into a control group ( n=30) and an experimental group ( n=30). In addition to routine rehabilitation training, the control group received traditional core stability training, while the experimental group underwent core stability training applying the sling exercise therapy pattern. Before and after 4 weeks of training, the standing balance of both groups was evaluated using the Prokin balance trainer, with the length and area of motion recorded when performing the balance test with the eyes open and closed. Surface electromyography was used to record the average EMG (AEMG) values of the bilateral erector spinae and multifidus muscles during the balance testing. Results:After the 4 weeks of training the length and the area of progression of the center of the pressure were both significantly smaller for both groups than before the training with the eyes both open and closed. The average length and area in the experimental group were significantly less than among the controls. The AEMG values recorded during the balance tests were significantly higher than those before the intervention for both groups, with the multifidus muscle averages on the affected side significantly greater in the experimental group than among the controls when performing the balance test with the eyes closed.Conclusion:Core stability training in the sling exercise therapy pattern is superior to conventional core stability training because it can better improve the balance of stroke survivors.

Effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle biofeedback electrical stimulation combined with pelvic floor muscle training for mild to moderate postpartum stress urinary incontinence / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the effects of pelvic floor muscle biofeedback electrical stimulation (PEMS) combined with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and PFMT alone on mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after delivery.Methods:This retrospective study involved 1 087 postpartum women with mild or moderate SUI who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2017 to January 2021. According to the treatment approaches, they were divided into two groups: the PMES+PFMT group ( n=504) and the PFMT group ( n=583). Chi-square test, independent sample t-test and rank sum test were used to compare the objective indicators (pelvic floor muscle strength test, vaginal dynamic pressure value test, 1-h pad test) and subjective indicators [incontinence impact questionnaire short form (IIQ-7), incontinence questionnaire-urinary incontinence short form (ICI-Q-SF), pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual function questionnaire (PISQ-12)] before, immediate and three months after treatment between the two groups. Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups in the values of vaginal dynamic pressure before treatment, 1-h pad test results and subjective indicators (all P>0.05). Comparison within groups: Indicators were improved in both groups immediate and three months after treatment compared with before treatment, including strength of type Ⅰ muscle [PMES+PFMT group: grade 4 and 5 (normal): 43.5% (219/504) and 42.1% (212/504) vs 1.2% (6/504), χ 2=864.27 and 861.46; PFMT group: grade 4 and 5:19.2% (112/583) and 20.1% (117/583) vs 1.5% (9/583), χ 2=1 148.26 and 1 038.29] and class Ⅱ muscle strength [PMES+PFMT group: 48.4% (244/504) and 50.8% (256/504) vs 4.8% (24/504), χ 2=862.96 and 819.24; PFMT group: 37.4% (218/583) and 38.9% (227/583) vs 5.0% (29/583), χ 2=1 029.47 and 998.54; all P < 0.05].Vaginal dynamic pressure increased [PMES+PFMT group: (89.3±5.4) and (82.2±4.6) vs (67.5±12.7) cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa), t=802.13 and 845.54; PFMT group:(80.2±4.3) and (78.6±4.5) vs (66.9±14.2) cmH 2O, t=288.37 and 244.94], and 1-hour urine leakage reduced [PMES+PFMT group: 2.0 g (2.0-3.0 g) and 2.0 g (1.0-3.0 g) vs 6.0 g (5.0-6.0 g), Z=825.39 and 802.13; PFMT group: 4.0 g (3.0-5.0 g) and 3.0 g (3.0-4.0 g) vs 5.0 g (4.0-6.0 g), Z=836.34 and 811.25], and IIQ-7 scores [PMES+PFMT group: scores of 3 (2-4) and 4 (3-4) vs 8 (7-9), Z=959.52 and 825.87; PFMT group: 5 (4-5) and 5 (4-6) vs 8 (7-10), Z=916.27 and 903.18], and ICI-Q-SF score [PMES+PFMT group: 3.5 (3-4) and 4 (3-5) vs 10 (9-12), Z=952.79 and 924.94; PFMT group: 6 (4-7) and 6 (5-7) vs 11 (10-12), Z=1 049.89 and 998.15], and PISQ-12 score [PMES+PFMT group: 10 (7-12) and 9 (7-12) vs 21 (17-24), Z=862.55 and 887.17; PFMT group: 13 (11-16) and 14 (12-16) vs 22 (18-25), Z=1 026.73 and 934.86, all P<0.05) decreased. Compared with the PFMT group, the above indexes were all better in the PMES+PFMT group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:PFMT alone or in combination with PMES can both enhance pelvic floor muscle strength, increase vaginal dynamic pressure, alleviate urine leakage and improve the quality of life and PMES+PFMT is better and more effective.

Visual analysis of research hotspots and trends of exercise therapy for hypertension in China based on CiteSpace and VOS viewer / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and trends of exercise treatment of hypertension in China with bibliometrics software of CiteSpace and VOS viewer.Methods:The databases of CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and the core collection of Web of Science were searched with the key words of exercise therapy, exercise intervention, exercise prescription, sports, movement, high blood pressure, hypertension, etc. Relevant periodical literature in Chinese and English were retrieved from the establishment of the databases to December 31, 2021. The CiteSpace and VOS viewer were used to perform visual analysis of the literature in the field of exercise therapy for hypertension in China.Results:A total of 1 507 literatures were included, including 1 430 in Chinese and 77 in English. In recent years, the number of studies on exercise treatment of hypertension in China showed a fluctuating upward trend. The research institutions were mainly universities and hospitals, high-yield institutions mainly included Beijing Sport University (20 articles), the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (12 articles), the PLA General Hospital (13 articles) and Shanghai Sport University (11 articles). There was less cooperation between institutions and less cross-border cooperation. The proportion of sports and medical compound researchers in high-yield authors was relatively low (22.2%, 2/9). Keyword clustering could be summarized as three aspects: disease research, research objects and intervention methods. In terms of disease research, “pregnancy outcome”, “blood pressure”, “blood lipid” and “coronary heart disease” had strong burst (burst intensity 3.75, 3.70, 3.52, 3.12); in terms of research objects, “elderly patients” had the strongest burst (burst intensity 3.10); in terms of intervention methods, “exercise prescription”, “aerobic exercise” and “health education” had strong emergence (emergence intensity 6.08, 5.47, 4.01).Conclusions:Research achievements in the field of exercise therapy for hypertension in China are relatively rich in recent years. At present, the main research hotspots are disease research, research objects and intervention methods, and the integration degree of sports and medicine needs to be improved.

Research progress of pulmonary rehabilitation in lung cancer / 中国医师杂志

Primary lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China, and lung rehabilitation for lung cancer has become a research hotspot. Many literature and studies have confirmed the feasibility and safety of pulmonary rehabilitation for lung cancer, but the mechanism of pulmonary rehabilitation for lung cancer is not completely clear. This article will discuss the mechanism of pulmonary rehabilitation for lung cancer, the specific content of pulmonary rehabilitation and remote home pulmonary rehabilitation.

Research progress on cognitive impairment and intervention in patients with depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, which can be accompanied by cognitive symptoms in addition to core symptoms.With the improvement of the awareness of the disease, people pay more attention to the cognitive symptoms of depression. The cognitive impairment of patients not only appears in the onset of the disease, but also persists during the remission of the disease, which has a negative impact on the patients’ social function. Some cognitive assessment tools such as cognitive tests, event-related potential(ERP) and eye movement tracking technology have been used to assess cognitive impairment in patients with depression, which show that there are multidimensional cognitive impairments. Some therapeutic methods such as exercise therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) and drug therapy have shown the potential to improve the cognitive function of patients with depression. This article reviews related researches in recent years to explore the cognitive impairment and therapeutic methods of patients with depression.

Effects of resistance-aerobic exercise on glycolipid metabolism and cardiovascular events in the patients of prediabetes mellitus / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of resistance-aerobic exercise on glycolipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the patients of prediabetes mellitus (PDM).Methods:A total of 88 patients with PDM diagnosed and treated in Yuyao Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from February to October 2020 were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method, with 44 patients in each group. The control group adopted aerobic exercise, and the observation group adopted resistance-aerobic exercise. The changes of blood sugar, lipid levels, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were compared after treatment. According to the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), the 10-year incidence probability of CVD was calculated.Results:After treatment, the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (5.32 ± 0.54) mmol/L vs. (5.57 ± 0.60) mmol/L, (7.10 ± 1.07) mmol/L vs. (7.58 ± 1.02) mmol/L, (5.64 ± 0.36)% vs. (5.82 ± 0.40)%, 2.54 ± 0.56 vs. 2.89 ± 0.75, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was higher than that in the control group: (4.80 ± 0.62) mmol/L vs. (5.14 ± 0.74) mmol/L, (1.50 ± 0.62) mmol/L vs. (1.80 ± 0.70)mmol/L, (2.80 ± 0.52) mmol/L vs. (3.04 ± 0.59) mmol/L, (1.90 ± 0.44) mmol/L vs. (1.72 ± 0.40) mmol/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After the treatment, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (128.42 ± 13.74) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (134.98 ± 14.56) mmHg, (74.64 ± 8.02) mmHg vs.(78.25 ± 8.53) mmHg ( P<0.05); the BMI and WHR in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (23.28 ± 1.66) kg/m 2 vs. (24.15 ± 2.02) kg/m 2, 0.84 ± 0.05 vs. 0.86 ± 0.03, P<0.05. The FRS score and 10-year incidence of CVD in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group: [(12.15 ± 1.52) scores vs.(12.84 ± 1.59) scores, (6.42 ± 1.52)% vs. (7.23 ± 1.79)%, P<0.05. Conclusions:The effect of resistance-aerobic exercise on PDM is obvious, which can significantly improve glycolipid metabolism and reduce the risk of CVD.

The best evidence summary of hypertension exercise intervention / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To evaluate and summarize the best evidence for exercise intervention in patients with hypertension, and to provide the basis for clinical medical workers to manage hypertension.Methods:We searched UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, the Cochrane Library, the International Guideline Collaborative Network to collect guidelines, systematic evaluation, and evidence summary. The retrieval time was from database establishment to June 1st 2022. Two researchers independently conducted literature quality evaluation and extracted evidence from the included literature.Results:A total of 13 articles were included, including 10 guidelines, 1 expert consensus and 2 Meta analysis. A total of 23 pieces of best evidence were collected, mainly involving 8 aspects, including exercise principles, exercise assessment, exercise environment, pre-exercise preparation, exercise program, post-exercise collation, tracking and review, exercise compliance.Conclusions:Exercise has a positive effect on improving blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The suggestions summarized in this study can be tried to guide clinical practice.

Effect of acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training for postoperative rehabilitation of meniscectomy under arthroscopy / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training on the motor function, stability and proprioception of knee joint, as well as the anxiety emotion in patients after meniscectomy under arthroscopy.@*METHODS@#A total of 70 patients after meniscectomy under arthroscopy were randomized into an observation group (35 cases, 2 cases were eliminated， 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (35 cases, 2 cases were eliminated, 1 case dropped off). Acupuncture was applied at Chize (LU 5), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Dubi (ST 35),Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc. on the affective side in the two groups. After 30 min, the needles of the knee joint area were withdrew, while the needle at elbow was continuously retained, the observation group was given acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training, and the control group was given conventional acupuncture exercise therapy. The treatment was given once a day, 7-day treatment was taken as one course, and totally 4 courses were required in the two groups. Before and after treatment, the knee joint Lysholm score, the knee joint isokinetic muscle strength flexion/extension ratio (H/Q), joint position sense measurement (JPS) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score were compared in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the knee joint Lysholm scores and H/Q were increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001), and the knee joint Lysholm score and H/Q in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.001); the JPS and HAMA scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001), the JPS and HAMA score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training can effectively improve the motor function, stability and proprioception of knee joint, as well as the anxiety emotion in patients after meniscectomy under arthroscopy.

A Case of Intractable Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Successfully Treated with a Combination of Regional Anesthesia and Physical Therapy / The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

We report a case of intractable complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). The pain improved with regional anesthesia and physical therapy.A 24-year-old man with hemophilia A, developed throbbing pain from his left foot to the ankle, with no identifiable cause. No organic abnormalities were observed. He diagnosed with CRPS at the pain clinic and admitted to the hospital 10 months after symptom onset for physical therapy with regional anesthesia under clotting factor replacement therapy. Spinal anesthesia was administered on the first and second day of hospitalization, and plantar load stimulation and ankle stretching were performed in the operating room. Subsequently, sciatic nerve blocks and continuous epidural blocks were given, and plantar contact training, ankle joint ROM training, and parallel bar walking training were conducted with cognitive behavioral therapy. Sciatic nerve blocks were continued after discharge. Ninety-five days after onset, the patient was re-admitted for physical therapy, and ROM exercises, partial weight bearing, and gait training together with sciatic nerve blocks and cognitive-behavioral therapy. On discharge following re-admission, the pain improved. The patient walked using one crutch. One year later, the pain further improved, and the patient walked independently.The combination of regional anesthesia, physical therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy created a virtuous cycle of pain relief, improved physical functions, and prevented withdrawal from catastrophizing, ultimately leading to overall improvement.

Physical exercises in the rehabilitation of sports injuries in the elderly / Exercícios físicos na reabilitação de lesões esportivas em idosos / Ejercicios físicos en la rehabilitación de lesiones deportivas en ancianos

ABSTRACT Introduction: According to the background of the healthy aging population and national fitness care, rapid development has begun in national sports in China. This development is the result of current research on the current scenario. Objective: Study the effects of exercise on the rehabilitation of middle-aged and elderly people with sports injuries. Methods: Twenty individuals were recruited for the experiment; the experimental group received the rehabilitation exercise protocol three times a week for four weeks, while the control group maintained the original lifestyle with no exercise or vigorous exercise. Results: It was found that there was no significant difference in height, weight, and body fat percentage after the aerobic exercise intervention training protocol (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference in BMI between the experimental group and the control group after the intervention training period (P<0.05). The VAS score of the experimental group before and after training decreased from 5.49 to 0.90, showing a significant effect, indicating a significant difference between the experimental group before and after training (P<0.05). Conclusion: The research shows that exercise positively affects the prevention and rehabilitation of sports injuries. The results obtained can help groups in national fitness. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Segundo o contexto do envelhecimento saudável da população e dos cuidados da condição física nacional, iniciou-se um rápido desenvolvimento nos esportes nacionais chineses. Esse desenvolvimento é fruto de pesquisas atuais sobre o cenário atual. Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos do exercício físico na reabilitação de pessoas de meia-idade e idosas com lesões ocasionadas pelo esporte. Métodos: Foram recrutados 20 indivíduos para o experimento, o grupo experimental recebeu o protocolo com exercício de reabilitação 3 vezes por semana durante 4 semanas, enquanto o grupo de controle manteve o estilo de vida original sem exercícios ou com exercícios vigorosos. Resultados: Verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa em altura, peso e percentual de gordura corporal após o protocolo de treinamento de intervenção aeróbica de exercício (P>0,05); porém houve diferença significativa no IMC entre o grupo experimental e o grupo controle após o período de treinamento de intervenção (P<0,05). O escore VAS do grupo experimental antes e depois do treinamento diminuiu de 5,49 para 0,90, apresentando um efeito significativo, indicando que houve uma diferença significativa entre o grupo experimental antes e depois do treinamento (P<0,05). Conclusão: A pesquisa mostra que o exercício tem um efeito positivo na prevenção e na reabilitação de lesões esportivas. Os resultados obtidos podem ajudar grupos em aptidão física nacional. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEM Introducción: De acuerdo con el trasfondo del envejecimiento saludable de la población y el cuidado de la forma física nacional, se ha iniciado un rápido desarrollo del deporte nacional chino. Este desarrollo es el resultado de la investigación en curso sobre el escenario actual. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos del ejercicio en la rehabilitación de personas de mediana y avanzada edad con lesiones deportivas. Métodos: Veinte individuos fueron reclutados para el experimento, el grupo experimental recibió el protocolo con ejercicio de rehabilitación 3 veces por semana durante 4 semanas, mientras que el grupo de control mantuvo el estilo de vida original sin ejercicio o con ejercicio vigoroso. Resultados: Se observó que no había diferencias significativas en la estatura, el peso y el porcentaje de grasa corporal tras el protocolo de entrenamiento de intervención con ejercicio aeróbico (P>0,05); sin embargo, sí había diferencias significativas en el IMC entre el grupo experimental y el grupo de control tras el periodo de entrenamiento de intervención (P<0,05). La puntuación VAS del grupo experimental antes y después del entrenamiento disminuyó de 5,49 a 0,90, mostrando un efecto significativo, lo que indica que hubo una diferencia significativa entre el grupo experimental antes y después del entrenamiento (P<0,05). Conclusión: La investigación demuestra que el ejercicio tiene un efecto positivo en la prevención y rehabilitación de las lesiones deportivas. Los resultados obtenidos pueden ayudar a los grupos en la preparación física nacional. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Impacts of running on joints / Impactos da corrida nas articulações / Impactos de la carrera en las articulaciones

ABSTRACT Introduction Running is a competitive sports activity based on speed. Its training methods aim to improve performance and physique but may lead to sports joint injuries. It is important to clarify the relationship between training methods and sports rehabilitation, including the influence of training methods on the quality of life, such as joint health. Objective Explore the relationship between the influence of running training methods on joints and their sports rehabilitation. Methods 44 running athletes were randomly divided into two groups. The joint and rehabilitation indices of the hip, knee, and ankle joints were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results The range of flexion and extension in the sagittal plane, the range of internal and external rotation in the horizontal plane, and the running performance of the knee joints of the athletes who received the variable speed running training were improved, indicating that the running training mode improves the joint performance and sports rehabilitation level of the athletes. Conclusion The appropriate running training method has a beneficial effect on the state of the joints in its athletes, including in the rehabilitation process. This effect is reflected in the physical parameters and the athlete's competitive ability. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução A corrida é uma atividade esportiva competitiva baseada na velocidade. Os seus métodos de treinamento têm como objetivo melhorar o desempenho e o físico, mas talvez possa ocasionar lesões articulares esportivas. É de grande importância esclarecer a relação entre métodos de treinamento e reabilitação esportiva, incluindo a influência dos métodos de treinamento na qualidade de vida, como a saúde das articulações. Objetivo Explorar a relação entre a influência dos métodos de treinamento de corrida sobre as articulações e a sua reabilitação esportiva. Métodos 44 esportistas em corrida foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos. Os índices articulares e os índices de reabilitação das articulações do quadril, joelho e tornozelo foram registrados e analisados estatisticamente. Resultados A faixa de flexão e extensão no plano sagital, a faixa de rotação interna e externa no plano horizontal e o desempenho em corrida das articulações do joelho dos atletas que receberam o treinamento de corrida de velocidade variável foram melhorados, indicando que o modo de treinamento em corrida melhora o desempenho articular e o nível de reabilitação esportiva dos atletas. Conclusão O método adequado de treinamento de corrida tem um efeito benéfico no estado das articulações em seus esportistas, incluindo no processo de reabilitação. Este efeito não se reflete apenas nos parâmetros físicos, mas também na capacidade competitiva do atleta. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción La carrera es una actividad deportiva de competición basada en la velocidad. Sus métodos de entrenamiento pretenden mejorar el rendimiento y el físico, pero pueden provocar lesiones articulares deportivas. Es de gran importancia aclarar la relación entre los métodos de entrenamiento y la rehabilitación deportiva, incluida la influencia de los métodos de entrenamiento en la calidad de vida, como la salud articular. Objetivo Explorar la relación entre la influencia de los métodos de entrenamiento de carrera en las articulaciones y su rehabilitación deportiva. Métodos 44 atletas corredores fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos. Se registraron y analizaron estadísticamente los índices articulares y de rehabilitación de las articulaciones de la cadera, la rodilla y el tobillo. Resultados El rango de flexión y extensión en el plano sagital, el rango de rotación interna y externa en el plano horizontal y el rendimiento en carrera de las articulaciones de la rodilla de los atletas que recibieron el entrenamiento de carrera de velocidad variable mejoraron, lo que indica que el modo de entrenamiento de carrera mejora el rendimiento de las articulaciones y el nivel de rehabilitación deportiva de los atletas. Conclusión El método de entrenamiento adecuado para correr tiene un efecto beneficioso en el estado de las articulaciones de sus atletas, incluso en el proceso de rehabilitación. Este efecto no sólo se refleja en los parámetros físicos, sino también en la capacidad competitiva del atleta. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.