ABSTRACT
RESUMEN El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar las estrategias familiares de provisión de alimentos en hogares con hijosy/o hijas menores en que las madres son trabajadoras de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. Se utilizó un enfoque etnográfico y se realizaron 20 entrevistas en profundidad a las mujeres-madres y observación pasiva (17 hogares) y participante (3 hogares). Los resultados mostraron que el abastecimiento y la provisión de alimentos es una actividad de la cual se hacen cargo mayoritariamente las mujeres-madres, y la forma en que se lleva a cabo, tendría una estrecha relación con su ocupación y el grupo socioeconómico al que pertenece la familia. En ocupaciones más flexibles en términos de horarios e ingresos y grupos socioeconómicos menos favorecidos, se flexibilizaría la provisión de alimentos, dándole preferencia a productos no perecibles que son parte de lo que las informantes llaman "mercadería", teniendo un papel secundario la compra de otros alimentos como frutas, verduras y carnes. Cuando la ocupación es más formal y estable, en términos de horarios e ingresos, y el grupo socioeconómico de la familia más favorable, se observa una rutinización mayor de las estrategias que incluye tanto la "mercadería" como los otros tipos de alimentos.
ABSTRACT Our objective was to explore families' food provisioning strategies among households headed by working mothers in Santiago of Chile, through qualitative and ethnographical methods. We used in-depth individual interviews (20), observations of provisioning practices (17) and participant observation (3) in houses and market places, carried out over a period of two weeks. Food provisioning was an activity mainly performed by the mother, and it was strongly shaped by the type of employment and the socioeconomic level of the family. Women of disadvantaged socioeconomic groups and employed in more flexible jobs - in terms of time and income-, engaged in more flexible provisioning practices, prioritizing non-perishable products - what informants call 'mercaderia'- over perishable foods such as fruits, vegetables and meats, which were of secondary relevance. Women of higher socioeconomic groups and employed in more formal and stable jobs, showed greater routine in their provisioning strategies, which included both, 'mercadería' and perishable foods.
Subject(s)
Women, Working , Qualitative Research , Food Preferences , Gender Identity , Housing , ChileABSTRACT
The purpose of this study were to identify the dietary practices of vulnerable older adults and to assess the foodservice and food provision service programs perceived by the health and welfare service providers in the community. A survey was conducted on health and welfare service providers working in outreach community centers and community health centers in Seoul. A total of 260 nurses and social workers participated in the survey and 224 responses were used for data analysis after excluding significant missing data. The respondents consisted of nurses (58.5%) and social workers (41.5%). In terms of the dietary life of the vulnerable older adults, they perceived that the food cost was burdensome to the older adults and poor dental conditions prohibited them from eating various foods. The health and welfare service providers rated highly for ‘home-delivered meal and side dish services are effective for checking older adults’ conditions' but rated low for availability of menu choices. In targeting vulnerable older adults for food and nutrition service programs, the home-delivered meal service was found to be suitable for older adults living alone, those over age of 80 years, those with mobility difficulties, and those with economic difficulties. The food provision service was appropriate for older adults living with their spouse or other family members. Vulnerable older adults are a heterogeneous population with diverse needs related to food and nutrition. Home-delivered meal/side dish service and food provision services will achieve their goals when they reach the correct targets with a customized service.