Avaliação da sinergia abdomino-pélvica durante atividades funcionais em mulheres nulíparas: série de caso / Evaluation of abdomino-pelvic synergy during functional activities in nulphary women: case series

Introdução: É relevante compreender que as disfunções do assoalho pélvico (DAP) feminino são condições clínicas que acometem um número crescente de mulheres a cada ano, constituindo um problema de saúde pública. DAP podem ter relação com o desequilíbrio entre a sobrecarga tensional dessa musculatura e a diminuição da capacidade desses músculos em suportar o aumento da pressão nessa região, uma vez que essa musculatura deve se contrair durante qualquer atividade que promova o aumento da pressão intra-abdominal favorecendo a manutenção da continência. Objetivo: analisar a presença desta sinergia em três voluntárias descrevendo o comportamento da atividade eletromiográfica de músculos localizados no assoalho pélvico e no abdome durante as atividades funcionais: andar, sentar/levantar, segurar peso, agachar, pular e tossir. Materiais e Métodos: Série de três casos, envolvendo voluntárias jovens universitárias nulíparas, sem queixas miccionais. Foi mensurado o registro da atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos do assoalho pélvico e o grupo muscular formado pelo transverso abdominal e oblíquo interno durante as atividades funcionais, utilizando a eletromiografia de superfície. Resultados: O sinal eletromiográfico aumentou em relação ao repouso durante as atividades funcionais de tossir, pular, agachar, sentar/levantar, segurar peso e andar em ambas as musculaturas analisadas. As maiores atividades eletromiográficas foram observadas durante as atividades de pular e agachar, e as menores ao segurar peso, andar e sentar/levantar. Conclusões: A partir da coleta eletromiográfica dos músculos transverso abdominal/ oblíquo interno e esfíncter anal externo em três voluntárias nulíparas foi possível observar sinergia destas musculaturas durante as atividades funcionais propostas. Estudos que envolvam grupos maiores de voluntárias, são necessários para podermos afirmar as respostas sobre a sinergia entre esses grupos musculares durante as atividades funcionais. [AU]

Introduction: It is relevant to understand that female pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFD) are clinical conditions that affect an increasing number of women each year, constituting a public health problem. PFD may be related to the imbalance between the tensional overload of this musculature and the decreased ability of these muscles to withstand increased pressure in this region, since this musculature must contract during any activity that promotes an increase in intra-abdominal pressure favoring the maintenance of continence. The present study aims to analyze the presence of this synergy in three volunteers describing the behavior of electromyographic activity of muscles located in the pelvic floor and abdomen during functional activities: walking, sitting rising, holding weight, crouching, jumping and coughing. Materials and Methods: A series of three cases, involving volunteer nulliparous university students, with no voiding complaints. The recording of electromyographic activity of pelvic floor muscles and muscular group formed by the transverse abdominal and oblique internal muscles during functional activities was measured using surface electromyography. Results: The electromyographic signal increased in relation to rest during functional activities of coughing, jumping, squatting, sitting rising, holding weight and walking in both musculature analyzed. The largest electromyographic activities were observed during jumping and crouching activities, and the lowest ones when holding weight, walking and sitting rising. Conclusion: From the electromyographic data collection of the transverse abdominal/internal oblique muscles and external anal sphincter in three nulliparous volunteers, it was possible to observe synergy of these muscles during the proposed functional activities. Studies involving larger groups of volunteers are needed to be able to state important details about the synergy between these muscle groups. [AU]

Effect of Supplementing Qi, activating blood and tonifying kidney therapy on the functional activities and quality of life of patients with lumbar disc herniation / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Supplementing Qi and activating blood and tonifying kidney therapy on the function and quality of life in patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc after operation.Methods92 cases of lumbar disc herniation treated in Fuyang Hangzhou Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine hospital from November 2015 to October 2016 were selected,divided into observation group and control group, there were 46 cases in each group, the observation group were treated with Supplementing Qi and activating blood and tonifying kidney therapy,the control group were given conventional western medicine treatment, the improvement of VAS score, JOA score and WHQOL-BREF score were compared between the two groups after treatment, and the clinical effects were compared between the two groups after treatment and the incidence of adverse reaction.ResultsAfter treatment,the VAS scores of the two groups were decreased, the observation group (1.85±0.43) is lower than the control group (2.97±0.69), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);After treatment, patients withthe JOA scores of the two groups were increased, the observation group (25.78±5.89) higher than the control group (20.45±4.82), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);After treatment, the total efficiency of observation group was 93.48% higher than 76.09% in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in WHOQOL-BREF scores between the two groups before treatment;After treatment, the WHOQOL-BREF scores of the two groups were increased, the observation group was higher than the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the two groups after treatment.ConclusionThe patients with lumbar disc herniation after operation to give Supplementing Qi and activating blood and tonifying kidney therapy,can effectively helpe patients to recover, improve the pain of patients, improve the patient's functional activities and quality of life, the effect is significant.

Functional activities of the Tsh protein from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains

The temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (Tsh) expressed by strains of avian pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli (APEC) has both agglutinin and protease activities. Tsh is synthesized as a 140 kDa precursor protein, whose processing results in a 106 kDa passenger domain (Tsh(s)) and a 33 kDa beta-domain (Tsh(beta)). In this study, both recombinant Tsh (rTsh) and supernatants from APEC, which contain Tsh(s) (106 kDa), caused proteolysis of chicken tracheal mucin. Both rTsh (140 kDa) and pellets from wild-type APEC, which contain Tsh(beta) (33 kDa), agglutinated chicken erythrocytes. On Western blots, the anti-rTsh antibody recognized the rTsh and 106 kDa proteins in recombinant E. coli BL21/pET 101-Tsh and in the supernatants from APEC grown at either 37degrees C or 42degrees C. Anti-rTsh also recognized a 33 kDa protein in the pellets from APEC13 cultures grown in either Luria-Bertani agar, colonization factor antigen agar, or mucin agar at either 26degrees C, 37degrees C, or 42degrees C, and in the extracts of outer membrane proteins of APEC. The 106 kDa protein was more evident when the bacteria were grown at 37degrees C in mucin agar, and it was not detected when the bacteria were grown at 26degrees C in any of the culture media used in this study. Chicken anti-Tsh serum inhibited hemagglutinating and mucinolytic activities of strain APEC13 and recombinant E. coli BL21/pET101-Tsh. This work suggests that the mucinolytic activity of Tsh might be important for the colonization of the avian tracheal mucous environment by APEC.

Figuras de atividades funcionais: concordância de nomeação e familiaridade / Functional activities pictures: name agreement and familiarity

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a concordância de nomeação e familiaridade de um conjunto de figuras de objetos/animais e de atividades funcionais. Participaram 26 crianças entre 5 e 7 anos e 24 estudantes universitários entre 18 e 25 anos, de ambos os sexos. Os participantes observaram 90 figuras, 45 de atividades funcionais e 45 de objetos/animais, nomearam uma a uma e referiram o grau de familiaridade. Os dados foram analisados pelo coeficiente de Kappa, correlação de Spearman e teste de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados mostraram que a concordância com o nome original foi maior do que a freqüência de outras nomeações. As crianças tiveram mais dificuldades em fazer a nomeação. As figuras de objetos/animais foram consideradas mais familiares. O estudo mostrou diferenças significativas entre as figuras e entre as crianças e adultos, sugerindo o uso de figuras de atividades funcionais em estudos neuropsicológicos.

This study was done with the aim to examine the naming agreement and familiarity of a set of objects/animals and functional activities pictures. Twenty six children were used between 5-7 years old and 24 university students between 18-25 years old of both sexes. Participants should watch 90 pictures, being 45 of functional activities and 45 of objects/animals, nominate one by one, moreover, to refer the familiarity degree. Data were analyzed by coefficient of Kappa, Spearman correlation test and Mann-Whitney test. The original name agreement was bigger than the frequency of other nominations. The children had more difficult than adults to make the pictures nomination. The objects/animals pictures were considered more familiar, as well children as adults. This way, the study showed significant differences between the pictures and between children and adults, suggesting the use of functional activities pictures in neuropsychological studies.

Atividade eletromiográfica do vasto medial oblíquo e vasto lateral durante atividades funcionais em sujeitos com síndrome da dor patelofemural / Electromyographic activity of vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis muscles during functional activities in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome

OBJETIVO: O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar a amplitude e o tempo de ativação elétrica do vasto medial oblíquo (VMO), vasto lateral longo (VLL) e vasto lateral oblíquo (VLO) durante atividades funcionais em portadoras da síndrome da dor patelofemural (SDPF). MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 20 mulheres, sendo dez do grupo controle e dez do grupo com SDPF. O sinal eletromiográfico do quadríceps foi detectado por eletrodos ativos diferenciais simples de superfície e um eletromiógrafo de quatro canais, durante atividades em cadeia cinética aberta (em um dinamômetro isocinético) e fechada (através de um step e durante o agachamento). Na análise estatística foram utilizados o teste t de student e uma análise de variância (ANOVA), com método pos-hoc de Tukey, com nível de significância de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Os resultados sugerem uma menor intensidade na atividade elétrica do VMO em relação ao VLO (p=0,04) e maior retardo no tempo de ativação do VMO (p=0,0023) no grupo com SDPF considerando todas as atividades avaliadas. Houve diferença significativa do VMO em relação ao VLO nas atividades de extensão isocinética à 30º/s (p=0,042) e descida do step com 75º de flexão de joelho (p=0,038) no grupo com SDPF, e nas atividades de levantar-se de um banco (p=0,041), salto unipodal (p=0,046) e elevação dos calcanhares (p=0,004) no grupo controle. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições experimentais realizadas, o estudo sugere um desequilíbrio na atividade elétrica e um padrão de recrutamento anormal entre os músculos VMO, VLL e VLO em sujeitos com SDPF, com maior retardo e menor amplitude de ativação do VMO neste grupo de sujeitos.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amplitude and onset of electrical activation of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), vastus lateralis longus (VLL) and vastus lateralis obliquus (VLO) during functional activities in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). METHODS: Twenty women participated in the study: ten in a control group and ten in the group with PFPS. The electromyographic signal of the quadriceps muscle was detected using simple active differential surface electrodes and a four-channel electromyography system, during open kinetic chain activities (using an isokinetic dynamometer) and closed kinetic chain activities (step and squat maneuvers). For the statistical analysis, Student's t test and ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc method were used, with a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS: The results suggested that the electrical activation of the VMO was less intense than in the VLO (p=0.04) and that there was greater delay in VMO onset (p=0.0023) in the group with PFPS, with regard to all of the functional activities evaluated. There was a significant difference between the VMO and VLO in relation to the activities of isokinetic extension at 30º/s (p=0.042) and step down with knee flexion at 75º (p=0.038) in the group with SDPF, and in the activities of rising from a bench (p=0.041), single-leg hop (p=0.046) and heel raising (p=0.004) in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Under the experimental conditions used, this study suggests that there is an imbalance in the electric activity and abnormal recruitment patterns among the VMO, VLL and VLO muscles in individuals with PFPS, with greater delay and lower amplitude of activation of the VMO in this group.