ABSTRACT
The components of volatile oils are generally complex, and they often have the functions of divergent dissolving surface, insecticidal and antibacterial. However, there are few reports on bacteriostasis, anti-inflammation and antioxidation roles of volatile oils of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. The volatile oil of Pelargonium graveolens L’Herit. was extracted by steam distillation, and GC-MS and peak area normalization analysis showed that it mainly contained 30 compounds, and the identified components accounted for 90.26% of the total peak area. The volatile oil of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. has a certain inhibitory effect on Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, especially on Candida albicans. The diameter of the bacteriostatic zone is 15.55±1.53 mm by using the oxford cup method. Dexamethasone and low, middle and high doses of volatile oils of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. were given after the RAW264. 7 cell inflammatory model and was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS = 10.0 μg/mL). ELISA assays showed that it could effectively reduce the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in inflammatory cells, and the effect of high doses was similar to that of IL-1β and TNF-α in the dexamethasone group. GC-MS was successfully used to determine and identify the chemical constituents of volatile oils from Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. in this study. We show that the volatile oil of Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit. had certain bacteriostatic activity and effectively reduces the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α by inflammatory cells. It provides an experimental basis for the development and utilization of volatile oils from Pelargonium graveolens L'Herit.
ABSTRACT
Trichoderma spp. is a kind of filamentous fungi with important biocontrol value. Twelve strains of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from the soils of different types of crops in Shaoxing, Zhejiang and Foshan, Guangdong. The antagonistic resistance to Fusarium oxysporum was compared by plate confrontation test. The further analysis of volatile secondary metabolites for two strains were carried out using HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis. The results showed that T. asperellum ZJSX5003 and GDFS1009 had fast growth ability, and the inhibition effects on F. oxysporum were 73% and 74% respectively. Six identical volatile metabolites were detected as follows 2-Methyl-1-propanol, 3-Methyl-1-butanol, 3-Methyl-3-buten-1-ol, Acetyl methyl carbinol, Butane-2,3-diol and 6-n-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (6-PAP). Among them, 6-PAP was validated to have a higher inhibitory effect on F. oxysporum in vitro. This study will provide basis for the development of biocontrol agents with metabolites of Trichoderma, such as 6-PAP.
Subject(s)
Antibiosis , Antifungal Agents , Pharmacology , Fusarium , Physiology , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Trichoderma , Chemistry , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To explore the difference of serum free fatty acid(FFA) composition between the patients with the metabolic syndrome(MS) and the patients with high risk for MS(HRMS),and the relationship of FFA composition with their serum glucose.Methods The serum fatty acid profile was measured with the gas chromatography and mass spectrometer(GC/MS)in 159 patients with MS or HRMS and 43 control subjects.Results The contents of unsaturated fatty acid(UFA,C18:2 and C20:3),the ratios of UFA/TFA(total fatty acid),PUFA(polyunsaturated fatty acid)/TFA and PUFA/SFA(saturated fatty acid) were significantly increased in patients with MS than those in the normal controls(P0.05).FBG had remarkably positive correlation with UFA/TFA,PUFA/TFA and PUFA/SFA(r=0.229,0.204,0.230,P