ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de alteraciones linguales y factores relacionados en niños que asisten a las clínicas odontológicas de la universidad de Cartagena, Colombia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, se examinaron aleatoriamente 134 niños que consultaron en el segundo semestre del año 2011. Se realizó examen clínico al niño, revisión de su historia clínica médica y una encuesta a la madre, para evaluar la presencia de alteraciones linguales, clasificación, características sociodemográficas y los posibles factores relacionados (ingesta de medicamentos, anemia, problemas nutricionales, déficit de vitamina B, alergias, estrés, psoriasis e higiene bucal). Se utilizaron proporciones, intervalos de confianza y la prueba estadística χ², asumiendo una significancia menor a 0.05. Resultados: La prevalencia de alteraciones linguales fue de 79.9%, siendo las lesiones más frecuentes la lengua saburral con el 74.6% y anquiloglosia con el 5.2%. No hubo relación estadísticamente significativa entre la presencia de alteraciones linguales y los factores evaluados. Conclusión: Las alteraciones linguales en niños tuvieron una alta prevalencia en especial la lengua saburral, en este sentido se deben implementar protocolos de manejo para incentivar en los niños y los padres conductas de higiene bucal saludables enfatizando en la superficie dorsal de la lengua.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to describe prevalence of tongue alterations and related factors observed in child patients attending the University of Cartagena, Colombia. Method: The present study was of a cross-sectional, descriptive nature. 134 children were randomly examined after attending consultation during the second semester of 2011. Selected children were subjected to clinical examination, their medical history was reviewed and their mothers were interviewed, in order to ascertain presence of tongue alterations. A classification was undertaken and socio-demographic characteristics were noted as well as possibly related factors (drug intake, anemia, nutritional problems, vitamin B deficiencies, allergies, stress, psoriasis and oral hygiene. Proportions, confidence intervals and χ2 statistical test were used, assuming significance lesser than 0.05. Results: Prevalence of tongue alterations was 79.9%. Most frequent lesions were coated tongue (74.6%) and ankyloglossia (5.2%). No statistically significant relationship was found between presence of tongue alterations and assessed factors. Conclusion: Tongue alterations in children were highly prevalent, especially coated tongue cases. Bearing this in mind parents and children should be encouraged to implement healthy oral hygiene habits stressing hygiene of the tongue's dorsal surface.
ABSTRACT
Background: Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease. Genetic and environmental factors, which determine the disease epidemiology and clinical spectrum, are heterogeneous in different populations. A few case-control studies from other countries have shown an association between psoriasis and migratory glossitis (MG). The characteristics of the association (e.g. relationship with gender, severity of psoriasis, early- versus late-onset psoriasis, etc.) have not been clearly defined. Aim: To investigate the association of psoriasis and MG by conducting a matched case-control study in India. Methods: The study was conducted on 600 patients with psoriasis and 800 age- and sex-matched controls. Patients were examined for oral lesions and psoriasis severity was assessed by overall severity index (OSI) and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). We compared the proportions of patients and controls with oral lesions, proportions of male and female patients who had MG, psoriasis severity scores of patients with or without MG, and proportions of early- and late-onset psoriasis patients who had MG. Results: Significantly, more patients had oral lesions than controls (P=0.0013). There was a strong association between psoriasis and MG (P<0.0001). MG and fissured tongue (FT) occurring in the same patient were also strongly associated with psoriasis (P=0.0003). There was a weak association of psoriasis with FT (P=0.0456). Significantly, higher proportion of male patients had MG compared to female patients (P=0.0246). Patients with MG had more severe psoriasis compared to those without the tongue lesions (P<0.0001). Similar proportions of patients with type 1 and type 2 psoriasis had MG (P=0.7268). Conclusions: The results suggest that MG is a rare manifestation of psoriasis which occurs more commonly in male patients and in those with severe disease, and that it occurs with equal frequency in early- and late-onset psoriasis. It will be interesting to follow those patients who have MG, but not psoriasis, to see whether they develop psoriasis phenotype in future.