Research progress on blood glucose monitoring strategy of hyperglycemia during pregnancy / 中国医师杂志

Gestational hyperglycemia is increasing all over the world and leads to serious maternal and infant complications. Effective blood glucose monitoring helps to improve adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, blood glucose monitoring plays a vital role in blood glucose control of patients with gestational hyperglycemia. The current blood glucose monitoring methods include self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), glycosylated albumin (GA), continuous blood glucose monitoring (CGM) and time within glucose target range (TIR). Different blood glucose monitoring methods have their advantages and limitations. This paper reviews the latest research progress on the application value of different blood glucose monitoring methods in patients with hyperglycemia during pregnancy at home and abroad.

The predictive value of glycated albumin in renal transplant recipients with post-transplant diabetes mellitus / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of glycated albumin (GA) in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) with post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM). Methods:We conducted a retrospective study. We recruited patients aged ≥18 years old who had no pre-transplant diabetes and received the first renal transplantation (RT) in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2017 to December 2017. Patients with pre-transplant thyroid dysfunction, post-transplant impaired fasting glucose, renal graft failure, transplant nephrectomy, loss of follow-up, or death were excluded. According to the diagnostic criteria of PTDM in 2014, on the basis of the results of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at least twice after 45 days of RT, the patients were divided into post-transplant diabetes mellitus group (PTDM group) and post-transplant normal fasting glucose group (PTNFG group). Each patient was followed up for one year. After comparison of the clinical data of the two groups, SPSS software was used for analyzing the data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of GA for PTDM. Results: In this study, a total of 282 RTR were screened, and 72 patients were not qualified. We recruited 210 patients, with 21 in PTDM group and 189 in PTNFG group. The levels of body mass and body mass index (BMI) in PTDM group were higher than those in PTNFG group (P0.05). GA in PTDM group was higher than that in PTNFG group at 7 days and 14 days after RT (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the predictive value of GA was the highest at 14 days after RT, its area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.749. GA was 14.55% at 14 days after RT. Youden index was the largest, with the sensitivity of 57.1% and the specificity of 87.3%. The positive likelihood ratio was 4.5, the negative likelihood ratio was 0.49, the positive predictive value was 57.1%, and the negative predictive value was 87.3%. Conclusion: GA can predict RTR with PTDM at 14 days after RT.

Efficiency comparison of fasting plasma glucose combined with 1,5-anhydroglucitol and combined with glycated albumin in diabetes mellitus screening / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To analyze and compare the clinical value of serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) with glycated albumin (GA) combined with fasting plasma glucose (FPG),respectively,in screening diabetes mellitus in Chinese population at the risk of diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 701 subjects with high risk of diabetes were enrolled in this study,including 324 males and 377 females. All subjects underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Diabetes was diagnosed according to the cut-off points of 2010 American Diabetes Association standards. The sensitivity,specificity and area under ROC curve (AUC) of GA combined with FPG and 1,5-AG combined with FPG in screening diabetes mellitus were analyzed. Results: Among 701 subjects,350 (49.93%) cases were diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus. The sensitivity,specificity,and AUC of 1,5-AG combined with FPG were 84.29%,91.45% and 0.939,respectively. The sensitivity of GA combined with FPG was 77.71%,and the specificity and AUC were 90.88% and 0.932,respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC between the two screening methods (P>0.05),but the sensitivity of 1,5-AG combined with FPG was higher than that of GA combined with FPG (P=0.001). The proportion of the subjects in need of further OGTT judged by 1,5-AG combined with FPG was 27.82%,which was 11.27% lower than that judged by FPG alone,and 2.57% lower than that judged by GA combined with FPG. Conclusion: In Chinese population with high risk of diabetes mellitus,serum 1,5-AG or GA combined with FPG can improve the efficiency of diabetes screening. Compared with GA combined with FPG,1,5-AG combined with FPG may have more clinical value.

Progress in clinical application of glycated albumin / 中华检验医学杂志

Monitoring blood glucose level timely and accurately and management of glucose level is crucial for the treatment of diabetes and the prevention of diabetic complications. Glycated albumin is one of the important biomarker to evaluate the fluctuation of blood glucose level, which has been widely used in clinic. To understand the advantages and limitations of the glycated albumin in monitoring glucose level will contribute to its better application in clinic.

Glycated albumin: a potential biomarker in diabetes

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic and metabolic disease that presents a high global incidence. Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) is the reference test for long-term glucose monitoring, and it exhibits an association with diabetic chronic complications. However, A1C is not recommended in clinical situations which may interfere with the metabolism of hemoglobin, such as in hemolytic, secondary or iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobinopathies, pregnancy, and uremia. The glycated albumin (GA) is a test that reflects short-term glycemia and is not influenced by situations that falsely alter A1C levels. GA is the higher glycated portion of fructosamine. It is measured by a standardized enzymatic methodology, easy and fast to perform. These laboratory characteristics have ensured the highlight of GA in studies from the last decade, as a marker of monitoring and screening for DM, as well as a predictor of long-term outcomes of the disease. The aim of this review was to discuss the physiological and biochemistry characteristics of the GA, as well as its clinical utility in DM.

Interference of hemolysis on glycated albumin determined by ketoamine oxidase method and its correction / 临床检验杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of hemolysis on glycated albumin (GA) determined by ketoamine oxidase method and its correction.Methods GA concentration and hemolytic parameter(optical density,A) in non-hemolytic serum and different degree hemolytic serum samples were measured.The impact of hemolysis on GA and the relationship between hemolysis and GA were analysed.A formula was developed to correct the interference of hemolysis on GA measurement using regressive Multiple analysis.Results Compared with non-hemolytic serum,hemolysis resulted in the significantly decreased concentrations of GA detected by ketoamine oxidase method(P ＜ 0.01),which were significantly associated with the degree of hemolysis (R2 =0.943 4).Y and Z represented GA concentration of non-hemolytic serum and different degree hemolytic serum,while X represented optical density of hemolytic parameter.Formulas for GA measurement were presented:Y =2.468X + Z-0.015 73,GA concentrations of hemolytic samples can be reverted to the values without statistical difference from the GA concentration in corresponding non-hemolytic samples.The bias of corrected GA was less than 10％.Conclusion Our results indicate that the level of GA measured through ketoamine oxidase method is negatively affected by hemolysis.The formula of mathematical correction of GA results in hemolytic samples should be suitable for the requirements of clinical laboratory.

Correlation between Weight Gain during Late Pregnancy and Glycated Albumin,Visfatin Level and Neonatal Body Composition in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients / 实用妇产科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the association between weight gain in late gestation and glycated albumin (GA),visfatin level and neonatal body composition in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients who are non-obese.Methods:200 pregnant women were enrolled.The preconception body mass index(BMI) of all the research object was less than 25 kg/m2.According to the speed of body mass growth from 28th week of gestation to delivery,the subjects were divided into two groups:excessive weight gain group (n =77) and appropriate weight gain group(n=123).Variance of serum GA,visfatin levels and neonatal birth weight(BW),the percent of body fat in newborn(F％) between two groups were compared,and the relationship between weight gain in late pregnant GDM patients and above values was analyzed.Results:①Serum GA,HbA1 c,visfatin and total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein,very low density lipoprotein levels in excessive weight gain group were higher than those in appropriate weight gain group(P ＜ 0.05).②Mean gestational age,newborn Apgar score immediately,the ratio of baby boys and vaginal delivery rate in two group had no significant difference(P＞0.05).Compared with the appropriate weight gain group,the excessive weight gain group had higher average birth weight and lower blood glucose levels.The proportion of large for gestational ages(LGA) was increased in appropriate weight gain group,and the ratio of abdomen circumference (AC) and head circumference (HC) and the percent of body fat in newborn(F％) were significantly increased in this group(P ＜0.01).③The speed of body mass growth in late pregnancy in GDM patients was positively related with serum GA,visfatin,HbA1c levels and newborn birth weight and the percent of body fat in newborn(r=0.524,0.470,0.456,0.329,0.473,P＜0.001).Conclusions:The monitoring of the serum GA and visfatin levels may have certain clinical value to evaluate the weight gain in late pregnancy of GDM patients.The rapid body mass growth in those patients may accelerate the visceral fat accumulation and worsen existing glucolipid metabolic disorders,and is also closely related to the increase of neonatal BW and F％.

Correlation of MMP-9, GA, HbA1c, and adipokines levels with DR / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM: To investigate the correlation of matrix metalloproteinase -9 (MMP-9), glycated albumin (GA), glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) and adipokines ( including visfatin, resistin and leptin ) with diabetic retinopathy ( DR) .·METHODS:From March 2015 to March 2017, 74 patients with DR were treated in our hospital, including 40 patients ( 80 eyes ) with non proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR ) and 34 patients ( 68 eyes ) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) , and diabetes mellitus 40 patients ( 80 eyes ) with non DR ( NDR ) and 40 healthy volunteers (80 eyes) were selected as controls, the levels of MMP-9, GA, HbA1c, visfatin, resistin and leptin in each group were detected.·RESULTS: PDR group visfatin was 4. 41 ± 0. 82ng/mL, was significantly lower than the NPDR group, NDR group and control group ( P<0. 05 ) , while, resistin, leptin and MMP- 9 were 9. 01 ± 1. 04ng/mL, 17. 96 ± 2. 03μg/L and 740. 06 ± 84. 43μg/L, GA and HbA1c were 26. 14%± 4. 57%and 17. 60% ± 1. 91%, significantly higher than those of NPDR group, NDR group and control group ( P<0. 05 ) . NPDR group visfatin was 6. 44 ± 0. 79ng/mL, was significantly lower than that of NDR group and control group (P<0. 05), while, resistin, leptin and MMP-9 were 7. 80±0. 87ng/ml, 15. 68±1. 98μg/L and 634. 12±80. 22μg/L,GA and HbA1c were 22. 06%± 4. 38% and 12. 46%± 1. 69%, significantly higher than those of NDR group and control group (P<0. 05). MMP-9, GA, HbA1c were positively with DR levels ( rs = 0. 523, 0. 461 and 0. 414, P<0. 05 );visfatin was negatively correlated with DR levels ( rs = -0. 433, P < 0. 05 ), resistin and leptin were positively correlated with DR levels (rs=0. 401 and 0. 460, P<0. 05).·CONCLUSION: MMP-9, GA, HbA1c, and adipokines may play a role in the development and progression of DR, in which MMP-9 is associated with adipokines, both are not significantly related to the levels of GA and HbA1c.

Correlation study on glycated albumin to HbA1C ratio and amplitude of glucose excursions in new-onset fulminant type 1 diabetes / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Thirty-three patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were recruited from 2013 to 2014. Relevant clinical data were collected for the statistical analysis. Among the 33 patients with type 1 diabetes, there were 7 with fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1DM), 12 acute onset type 1 diabetes (AT1DM), and 14 with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM). The fasting and stimulated C-peptide levels were significantly lower while glycated albumin (GA)/HbA1C and mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE) levels were significantly higher in FT1DM group compared with other two groups(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis in all patients with type 1 diabetes revealed that GA/HbA1C was correlated with fasting C-peptide, MAGE, and difference of the peak blood glucose to the lowest blood glucose (ΔBG) levels (all P<0.05). Stepwise multivariate analysis showed that GA/HbA1C was independently correlated with MAGE and ΔBG (P<0.05). Logistic regression model indicated that GA, HbA1C, and GA/HbA1C were independently correlated with FT1DM.

Association of Glycated Albumin with Glycemic Markers, Lipid Profile and Liver Function Tests for the Assessment Control in Saudi Patients with Long-Standing Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.

This study is an effort to evaluate the association between glycated-albumin and various biochemical parameters in Saudi type-2 diabetic patients. Ninety long-standing (>10 years) type-2 diabetic subjects (51 males, 39 females) serum was analyzed for glycated albumin, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin1c, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase and total bilirubin. Correlation, principal components analysis, covariance and statistical differences were conducted using SPSS for both male and female participants. The average age (years) of female and male participants was 51.0±10.2 and 51.6±14.1, respectively. Hemoglobin1C was significantly associated with fasting blood glucose (r=0.637,P<0.01). No significant differences between men and women were observed in the glycemic markers, lipid profile and liver function tests. Both men and women showed no significant differences in glycated-albumin irrespective of age and hemoglobin1c covariance. The regression model revealed that low-density lipoprotein, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase are significantly associated with glycated-albumin. Men’s glycated-albumin was observed to be significantly associated with hemoglobin1c only, while women’s glycated-albumin is highly associated with low-density lipoprotein only. Glycated-albumin was also co-varied with low-density lipoprotein. Glycated-albumin could be employed for screening high risk diabetic patients for early diagnosis of dyslipidemia and appropriate intervention with lipid-decreasing drugs. Current findings provide novel insights on the use glycated-albumin as clinical chemistry maker.

Regression analysis of glycated albumin in two successive months and hemoglobin A1c in diabetes pa-tients / 中华临床营养杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between glycated albumin ( GA ) in 2 consecutive months and hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c) in diabetes patients.Methods Totally 100 consecutive patients with main diagnosis of diabetes mellitus were enrolled retrospectively from April 2015 to January 2016 in outpatient clinic of endocrinology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, who had undertaken GA tests every 4 weeks for 2 successive months and had HbA1c test in the second month.GA was measured with liquid enzymatic method. HbA1c was measured by ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography.The relationship between HbA1c and GA for the 2 successive months was determined.Results A total of 85 patients were enrolled.The regres-sion equation between HbA1c (y) and average GA (j) for successive 2 months was y=3.187+0.218j (adjusted R2 =0.520, P=0.000), which showed a similar effect as the regression equation for HbA1c and the levels of GA tested for the 2 successive months (adjusted R2 =0.514, P=0.000), and both had more significant regressive effect than the regression equation for HbA1c and single measurement of GA (adjusted R2 =0.392, P=0.000). Conclusions The regressive effect between HbA1c and GA (or the average of GA) in successive 2 months is bet-ter than that with single measurement of GA, hence could better predict HbA1c in clinical practice.

Diagnostic Utility of Serum Glycated Albumin for Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlation With Hyperlipidemia

BACKGROUND: Glycated albumin (GA) is a better marker of short-term glycemic control than glycated hemoglobin (A1c). Dyslipidemia is the main cause of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). Studies on the correlation of GA with lipid indices are sparse. We investigated the diagnostic utility of GA for DM and its relationship with serum lipid profiles compared with that of A1c. METHODS: The GA enzymatic method was used to determine the diagnostic utility of GA for DM by using samples from 163 normal subjects (group 1) and 102 patients newly diagnosed with type 2 DM (T2DM; group 2). To analyze the lipid profiles, 263 patients with T2DM receiving treatment (group 3) were recruited. RESULTS: GA correlated with A1c (r=0.934, P<0.0001). Linear regression analysis indicated that GA levels were about 2.48 folds those of A1c. In the ROC analysis for GA to diagnose DM, the areas under the curve (0.988, 95% confidence interval 0.972-1.004) was excellent. HDL levels were significantly lower in groups 2 and 3. In group 1, positive correlations were observed between A1c and triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL, TG/HDL, TC/HDL, and LDL/HDL levels. A negative correlation was observed between HDL and A1c levels. In group 3, HDL levels (P=0.0124 and P=0.0141, respectively) were significantly higher and LDL levels tended to be lower, not statistically significant, in the well-controlled group categorized using the A1c and GA cut-off values. CONCLUSIONS: GA is a potential diagnostic tool for DM. Compared with A1c, GA seems less relevant to dyslipidemia.

Relationship between glycated albumin and extent of coronary lesions,GRACE score in patients with a-cute non-ST segmentelevation myocardial infarction / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the relationship between glycated albumin ( GA ) and extent of coronary lesions, GRACE score in patients with acute non?ST segmentelevation myocardial infarction ( NSTEMI) . Methods A total of 226 NSTEMI patients who successfully underwent coronary angiography ( CAG) were enrolled in the study. Groups:( 1) According to GA level,the patients were divided into 3 groups:GA17. 0% group. ( 2) According to the extent of coronary le?sions,the patients were divided into 2 groups:single or double branch lesion group,three and/or left main lesion group. ( 3) According to the GRACE score,the patients were divided into 3 groups:Low?risk GRACE score≤108 points group,Medium?risk 108 points140 points group. The extent of coronary lesions was evaluated by Gensini score. The clinical characteristics and Gensini score,GRACE score of each group were compared. Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the association of GA with the severity of coronary artery disease and GRACE score. Results With glycated albumin increasing,the Gensini score(56. 51±38. 57,68. 30±35. 57,77. 38±36. 52),GRACE score(139. 43±29. 96,149. 77±38. 33,170. 75±27. 52) increased significantly,and significant differences were found between groups( F=5. 587,16. 006,P=0. 004,0. 000) . The ejection fraction( EF) of 3 groups were signif?icantly decrease((58. 30±13. 95)%,(56. 45±10. 79)%,(53. 06±12. 51)%;F=3. 126,P=0. 046). Proportion of severe coronary lesions of 3 groups were increase significantly( 59. 5%( 44/74) ,68. 2%( 60/88) ,87. 5%( 56/64),χ2=13. 528,P=0. 001). The level of GA in three and/or left main lesion group was higher than that in sin?gle or double branch lesion group((13. 92±3. 14)% vs. (16. 80±3. 58)%,t=-5. 693,P=0. 000). The level of GA in High?risk group was higher than that in Low?risk group ( ( 14. 70 ± 1. 54 )% vs. ( 16. 63 ± 4. 02 )%, t=6. 512,P=0. 002) . Correlation analysis showed that the level of GA had significant positive correlation with Gensini score and GRACE score(r=0. 309,0. 265;P=0. 000,0. 000),while had a negative correlation with LVEF(r=-0. 149,P=0. 034). Logistic regression analysis indicated that GA was independent risk factors for severity of coronary artery disease in patients with NSTEMI who successfully underwent CAG( OR=1. 441,95%CI:1. 160?1. 790,P=0. 001) . Conclusion GA level is increase in NSTEMI patients with severe coronary ar?tery disease and risk stratification high. GA is the independent risk factors for severity of coronary artery disease in patients with NSTEMI;GA has significant correlation with dangerous degree in patients with NSTEMI.

Effect of glycated albumin on recurrent cerebral infarction in elderly patients with diabetes ;mellitus / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of glycated albumin on recurrent cerebral infarction in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods All of 252 elderly acute cerebral infarction patients with diabetes mellitus were chosen from clinics. They were divided into 2 groups: A group ( glycated albumin <19.0% , 117 patients) and B group ( glycated albumin ≥ 19.0%, 135 patients). The clinical characteristics and the recurrent rate of cerebral infarction were compared between two groups. Results The levels of glycated albumin, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in B group were significantly higher than those in A group:(21.00 ± 4.93)%vs. (16.75±1.72)%, (9.84 ± 2.89) mmol/L vs. (5.36 ± 1.00) mmol/L, (5.44 ± 1.30) mmol/L vs. (4.57 ± 1.00) mmol/L, (3.13±0.81) mmol/L vs. (2.58 ± 0.74) mmol/L, (2.34 ± 1.61) mmol/L vs. (1.74 ± 1.47) mmol/L, P<0.01 or<0.05. The recurrent rate of cerebral infarction in B group was significantly higher than that in A group: 53.3%(72/135) vs.36.7%(43/117), χ2 = 6.946, P = 0.008. Logistic regression analysis showed that the increase of glycated albumin was the independent risk factor of recurrent cerebral infarction in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (P=0.048). Conclusions The recurrent rate of cerebral infarction is increased in elderly diabetes patients with high glycated albumin. The increase of glycated albumin is the independent risk factor of recurrent cerebral infarction.

Progress on neonatal diabetes mellitus / 临床儿科杂志

Most neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is caused by genetic abnormality. Sulfonylurea (SU) has been successfully applied in NDM patients;The pathogenesis of NDM and mechanism of sulfonylurea on molecular level have been illuminated, and recent studies revealed that glycated albumin is a useful glycemic indicator. In this review, the research progress of NDM is summarized.

Glycated Albumin Levels in Relation to Dental Caries, Mutants Streptococci Lactobacilli and Salivary Status of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background Diabetes mellitus is one of the serious systemic diseases that may cause general systemic changes, which may be reflected in the oral cavity. The aims of this study were to assess the severity of dental caries, Mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli in addition to the flow rate and pH among uncontrolled and controlled type 2 diabetic groups in comparison with non-diabetic control group. Materials and Methods Study groups consisted of 25 uncontrolled diabetic patients (HbA1c >7), 25 controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c <7), in addition to 25 nondiabetic healthy looking individuals. Their age was (18–22) years from both genders. The diagnosis and recording of dental caries were according to the severity of dental caries lesion through the application of D1_4MFS and stimulated salivary samples were collected. The salivary flow rate and pH were estimated. Viable count of Mutans streptococci (on Mitis-Salivarius Bacitracin Agar) and Lactobacilli (on Rogosa) was determined. Results The mean values of caries severity were recorded to be highest among study groups compared to the control with statistically highly significant difference (p<0.01). Lowest values of salivary pH and flow rate were among study groups compared to the control with highly significant difference (p<0.01). Concerning Mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli were found that the mean values of them for uncontrolled diabetic group were highly significant higher than both mean values of controlled diabetic group and control group. Conclusion Dental caries revealed higher percentage of occurrence and severity among uncontrolled diabetic group. Furthermore, there was significant influence of the diabetic and the poor metabolic control on the salivary flow rat, pH, Mutans streptococci and Lactobacilli that have an effect on caries occurrence and severity.

Methods for determination of serum albumin in the assay of glycated albumin / 安徽医科大学学报

A total of 306 fresh human serum samples were randomly selected. Alb concentrations were measured by bromcresol green ( BCG) method, modified bromcresol purple ( mBCP) method, and immunoturbidmetic assay ( ITA) , respectively. GA was measured by an enzymatic method. GA value was expressed as the percentage of GA in the total serum Alb [ GA%(%) =GA/Alb?100%] . When Alb≥40 g/L, the clinical differences between BCG and mBCP, BCG and ITA, and mBCP and ITA were not significant, and there was no statistical difference between GA% BCG and GA% mBCP(P=0. 537); when Alb<40 g/L, BCG had statistical difference between mBCP and ITA ( P<0. 01 ) , and GA% BCG was significantly lower than GA% mBCP ( P<0. 01 ) . No obvious clinical signifi-cance of Alb concentrations was observed measured by BCG, mBCP, and ITA when Alb≥40 g/L. There was no difference in different Alb methods for GA% calculation. When Alb<40 g/L, the consistency of mBCP and ITA was better than that of BCG and ITA, which indicated that mBCP method may be more suitable for the assay of gly-cated albumin value ( GA%) , whereas the GA% may be underestimated if using BCG method for the determination of Alb.

Correlation of GA/HbA1c ratio with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between the glycated albumin to glycated hemoglobin (GA/A1c) ratio and carotid plaque. Methods Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients in endocrine inpatient department of Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital were chosen whose clinical data were collected. Results Of the recruited 154 T2DM patients , GA/HbA1c ratio was negatively correlated with BMI , blood uric acid and was positively correlated with age, HCY, FBG, PBG, left carotid IMT and right carotid IMT. In terms of carotid plaque, GA, GA/HbA1c ratio and HCY were higher in carotid plaque positive patients than those without carotid plaque. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that GA/HbA1c ratio was significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaque (P=0.008). Conclusions GA/HbA1c ratio was positively correlated with the presence of carotid artery IMT in T2DM This suggests that GA/HbA1c ratio will serve as a useful clinical marker for predicting diabetic cardiovascular complications.

Association between glycated albumin and arterial stiffness in a health screening population / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective Serum glycated albumin (GA) is associated with the levels of blood glucose and short term glycemic fluctuation. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between GA and arterial stiffness in a health screening population. Method A total of 11 014 participants (men, 56.2%;mean age, 46.8±7.8 years) who attended physical examination were invited and had completed standardized questionnaires. Serum GA and homocysteine (HCY), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) were measured. A series of single and multiple factor analyses and stratified analysis were performed. Result The mean level of serum GA was lower in men (13.69 ± 2.69) than in women (13.82 ± 1.92) (t=2.78, P=0.005). The values of baPWV (men: F=53.9, P for trend<0.001;women:F=37.7, P for trend<0.001) and cSBP (men:F=10.3, P for trend<0.001;women:F=13.5, P for trend<0.001) increased with quartiles of GA levels in both men and women. After adjustment for age, history of hypertension, diabetes, family history of diabetes, smoking status, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids, kidney function, fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, and hemoglobin A1c, GA was positively associated with baPWV (βestimate, 0.019;95%CI:0.002-0.036;P=0.032) and cSBP (βestimate, 0.251; 95% CI: 0.107-0.394; P=0.001) in men. Stratified analysis also showed that the positive associations of GA with baPWV and cSBP remained significant in men both with and without diabetes or hypertension (P<0.05). However, the association between GA and HCY was not significant in multifactor analysis and stratified analysis. The above results were similar in women. Conclusion Serum GA levels were positively associated with baPWV and cSBP not only in patients with diabetes or hypertension but also in participants without diabetes or hypertension after adjusting for conventional factors and glucose markers. The findings suggest that GA may help detect the development of arterial stiffness in the health screening population.

Clinical significance of determination of blood glucose-related indicators in patients with acute cerebral infarction / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate blood glucose,HbA1c and GA levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods 129 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 102 healthy persons were recruited.Blood glucose,HbA1c and GA levels were com-pared between acute infarction patients and healthy people.The correlation of blood glucose,HbA1c and GA with different degree of neurological deficits,number and sizes of infarct lesions and prognosis were explored.Results Fasting plasma glucose,HbA1c and GA levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction were significantly higher than in healthy people(P 0.05).Conclusion Blood glucose,HbA1c and GA levels were closely related with neurological deficit,severity and prog-nosis of acute cerebral infarction,thus determination of these indicators is of important clinical significance.