Nursing rights in comics: educational technological innovation report / Los derechos de enfermería en el cómic: informe de innovación tecnológica educativa / Direitos da enfermagem em quadrinhos: relato de inovação tecnológica educacional

ABSTRACT Objectives: to report an educational technology construction on nursing professionals' rights. Methods: an experience report on educational technology construction during the crediting of university extension hours in an undergraduate nursing course at a Brazilian public university, between March and June 2023. The Deming cycle was used as a procedural method. Results: four meetings were held between students and extension workers. Eight comic books were produced based on the Code of Ethics for Nurses, addressing professional autonomy, fair remuneration, risk-free work, denial of exposure in the media and others. The Deming cycle proved to be an important strategy for constructing products. Conclusions: nursing professionals' rights must be discussed and improved. Educational technologies, such as comic books, provide playful and reflective learning.

RESUMEN Objetivos: informar la construcción de una tecnología educativa sobre los derechos de los profesionales de enfermería. Métodos: relato de experiencia sobre la construcción de tecnología educativa durante la acreditación de horas de extensión universitaria en una carrera de pregrado en enfermería en una universidad pública brasileña, entre marzo y junio de 2023. Se utilizó el ciclo de Deming como método procesal. Resultados: se realizaron cuatro reuniones entre estudiantes y extensionistas. Se produjeron ocho historietas basadas en el Código de Ética para los Profesionales de Enfermería, abordando la autonomía profesional, la remuneración justa, el trabajo libre de riesgos, la negación de la exposición en los medios de comunicación y otros. El ciclo de Deming demostró ser una estrategia importante para la construcción de productos. Conclusiones: los derechos de los profesionales de enfermería deben ser discutidos y mejorados. Las tecnologías educativas, como los cómics, proporcionan un aprendizaje lúdico y reflexivo.

RESUMO Objetivos: relatar a construção de uma tecnologia educacional sobre os direitos dos profissionais de enfermagem. Métodos: relato de experiência sobre a construção de tecnologia educacional durante a creditação de horas de extensão universitária em uma disciplina da graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública brasileira, entre março e junho de 2023. Utilizou-se o ciclo de Deming como método processual. Resultados: foram realizados quatro encontros entre estudantes e extensionistas. Oito histórias em quadrinhos foram produzidas pautadas no Código de Ética dos Profissionais de Enfermagem abordando autonomia profissional, remuneração justa, trabalho sem riscos, negação à exposição em mídias e outros. O ciclo de Deming mostrou-se importante estratégia para construção dos produtos. Conclusões: os direitos dos profissionais de enfermagem devem ser discutidos e aprimorados. Tecnologias educacionais, como histórias em quadrinhos, proporcionam aprendizagem lúdica e reflexiva.

Enseñanza y aprendizaje del Diseño Gráfico desde el paradigma de la complejidad / Teaching and learning Graphic Design from the paradigm of complexity

Resumen Los modelos pedagógicos articulados en las instituciones educativas cumplen un papel fundamental. A través de ellos, deben contemplar el papel de los actores del proceso, el enfoque curricular, la evaluación y demás aspectos relevantes para el desarrollo de la enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo presenta un análisis y descripción de la relación que existe entre el modelo pedagógico institucional propuesto por la Universidad de Boyacá, Colombia, basado en el pensamiento complejo del filósofo y sociólogo francés Edgar Morin, y el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en relación con las clases de taller del programa académico de Diseño Gráfico. El estudio se desarrolló desde un corte cualitativo, con el enfoque de investigación holística en el que se trabajó la fase descriptiva y analítica, a través de la recolección de información, por medio de instrumentos como la observación no participante, diario de campo, encuestas y entrevistas dirigidas a los estudiantes y docentes, registros de clases de taller, lectura y contraste de documentos institucionales y propios del programa. A partir de estas perspectivas, se orienta epistemológicamente la coherencia del modelo pedagógico con la enseñanza y aprendizaje del Diseño Gráfico y cómo se lleva a cabo en la práctica. De esta manera, el estudio concluye que la enseñanza del diseño, vista desde la complejidad, aporta significativamente en el proceso de aprendizaje y evidencia características positivas para los futuros diseñadores, como el momento de la evaluación y el ejercicio de enfrentar a los estudiantes a la incertidumbre y problemas reales del contexto.

Abstract Within the framework of education, many necessary components are promulgated to respond to the requirements requested by government entities. Therefore, institutions must adjust their policies and institutional plans so that they increasingly articulate these postulates and can guarantee an education with quality and in constant improvement. The pedagogical models created and articulated in educational institutions, in preschool, elementary, secondary, middle and higher education, play a fundamental role, since this represents the formal information of how is taught and learned in each educational institution. The model includes: the role of the actors in the teaching and learning process; teachers and students, the curricular approach, purposes of the training process, learning strategies, evaluation, and other relevant aspects to fulfill the mission and vision of the university. The following article presents an analysis and description of the relationship between the institutional pedagogical model proposed by the University of Boyacá, which is based on the complex thinking of Edgar Morin and the teaching and learning process during classes in the area projector workshop of the academic program of Graphic Design. This study was developed from a qualitative methodological process, under a holistic research approach. The descriptive and analytical phase was worked through the collection of information by means of instruments such as non-participant observation, field diary, surveys and interviews directed to students and teachers, records of workshop classes, reading of primary sources and contrast of formal institutional documents and those of the program and the university. Two softwares were used for the analysis and description of all the information, the first one was Atlas.ti 8.0 to identify in the interviews applied to the students and the teachers, codes in vivo (codes that are generated literally from expressions of the informants) or abstract (code that represents a theoretical postulate or experience exposed by the informants). Subsequently, the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software was used to tabulate and systematize all the information collected in the surveys applied to teachers and students. According to the methodology developed and seeing it from the epistemological perspectives in relation to the nature of the research, finally the study showed that the institutional pedagogical model is partially articulated to the teaching and learning processes of the Graphic Design program. This is shown in practical workshops and it has permeated the students since their initial training and the other part of the training process, thus seeking to respond to the purposes of the Institutional Educational Projects of the University of Boyacá. Finally, the study concludes that the teaching of design seen from the paradigm of complexity contributes significantly to the learning process, since positive characteristics were evidenced that contribute significantly to the training of future designers. For example, letting students confront uncertainty processes from the academy through different exercises prepares them for any problem that may arise in their working life, where real contexts and environments will be involved. Design should look for possible solutions from the graphic discipline. Likewise, it is important to keep in mind that the designer not only generates beautiful pieces, but is a subject that is related to the visual problems of context and society, therefore it was also observed that students act as integral human beings and not only with purely professional aspects.

Development and Validation of an Educational Comic Book for Guidance on the Safe Use of Fluoride Toothpaste by Children

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the elaboration and content validation of a comic book for guidance on the safe use of fluoride toothpaste by children. Material and Methods: Study on the development of educational technology carried out in four phases: 1 - literature review and script; 2 - elaboration of the material (illustrations, layout and design), 3 - validation (Content Validity Index = CVI and Flesch Readability Index = FI), 4 - pilot test to legitimize the material with the target population. Thirty-one individuals participated in the validation, being 07 expert judges and 24 representatives of the lay population, responsible for the daily care of preschool and school-age children. Results: In the validation, CVI= 0.97 (97%), indicating high agreement of the judges' answers; and FI = 92%, which corresponds to "very easy to understand" reading. In the pilot test carried out with the lay population, the 3 assessment blocks had CVI=1.0 (100%). Conclusion: The comic book proved to be valid regarding appearance and content and can be used for health education activities for adults on the use of fluoride toothpaste for oral hygiene in children.

Construction and validity of educational technology about the human papillomavirus vaccine for adolescents / Construcción y validación de tecnología educativa sobre la vacuna contra el virus del papiloma humano para adolescentes / Construção e validação de tecnologia educacional sobre a vacina contra o papilomavírus humano para adolescentes

ABSTRACT Objectives: to construct and validate an educational technology in comic book format about the human papillomavirus vaccine aimed at adolescents. Methods: a methodological study, with a quantitative approach, through the agreement method. It was carried out in two phases: educational technology construction and content validity. Participants are expert judges in the health field. Data collection took place in a virtual environment, through a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by calculating the Content Validity Index. A Content Validity Index of at least 80% was accepted. Results: the comic book's overall Content Validity Index was 82%, reaching the minimum limit established to be validated. Conclusions: comics are fundamental in the teaching-learning process, aiming to catch adolescents' attention. Therefore, it is characterized as a valid tool to inform, in a playful manner, about the human papillomavirus vaccine.

RESUMEN Objetivos: construir y validar una tecnología educativa en formato cómic sobre la vacuna contra el virus del papiloma humano dirigida a adolescentes. Métodos: estudio metodológico, con enfoque cuantitativo, mediante el método de concordancia. Se realizó en dos fases: construcción de tecnología educativa y validación de contenidos. Los participantes son jueces expertos en el campo de la salud. La recolección de datos se realizó en un ambiente virtual, a través de un cuestionario. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el cálculo del Índice de Validez de Contenido. Se aceptó un Índice de Validez de Contenido de al menos el 80%. Resultados: el Índice de Validez de Contenido general del cómic fue del 82%, alcanzando el límite mínimo establecido para ser validado. Conclusiones: las historietas son fundamentales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, teniendo como objetivo cautivar la atención de los adolescentes. Por ello, se caracteriza como una herramienta válida para informar, de forma lúdica, sobre la vacuna contra el virus del papiloma humano.

RESUMO Objetivos: construir e validar uma tecnologia educacional em formato de história em quadrinhos sobre a vacina contra o papilomavírus humano voltada para adolescentes. Métodos: estudo metodológico, com abordagem quantitativa, através do método de concordância. Realizado em duas fases: construção de tecnologia educacional e validação de conteúdo. Os participantes são juízes especialistas da área da saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu em ambiente virtual, através de questionário. A análise de dados foi realizada através do cálculo do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Foi aceito um Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de no mínimo 80%. Resultados: o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global da história em quadrinhos foi de 82%, alcançando limite mínimo estabelecido para ser validado. Conclusões: a história em quadrinhos é fundamental no processo ensino-aprendizagem, visando cativar a atenção de adolescentes. Portanto, caracteriza-se como uma ferramenta válida para informar, de maneira lúdica, sobre a vacina contra o papilomavírus humano.

Educação em saúde para pacientes submetidos à revascularização miocárdica: validação de história em quadrinhos / Educación en salud para pacientes sometidos a revascularización miocárdica: validación de historieta / Health education for patients undergoing myocardial revascularization: comic book validation

Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver e analisar as evidências de validade de conteúdo de uma tecnologia educacional do tipo história em quadrinhos (HQ) para pacientes submetidos à Cirurgia de Revascularização do Miocárdio (CRM). Métodos Estudo de validação realizado em três etapas. A primeira consistiu na avaliação das necessidades de informações dos pacientes submetidos à CRM; a segunda foi o desenvolvimento de um roteiro para a tecnologia educacional do tipo HQ; e a terceira, a análise das evidências de validade de conteúdo desse roteiro, realizada por seis especialistas, sendo considerado válido quando obtido um Índice de Validade de Conteúdo superior a 80%, sendo, posteriormente, elaborada a HQ por um ilustrador. Resultados Na primeira etapa, 10 pacientes relataram terem necessidades de informações sobre alimentação, consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, controle da ansiedade e do estresse, controle da dor, cuidados com a ferida operatória, tabagismo, atividade física, relação sexual, retorno ao trabalho, liberação para viagens e direção de automóveis. Com base nesses dados, elaborou-se, a partir de revisão de literatura, a história fictícia de um paciente submetido à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, com as respectivas orientações realizadas pela enfermeira. Esse roteiro da HQ foi avaliado pelos especialistas alcançando adequada concordância após a segunda rodada. Após validação, a HQ foi elaborada pelo ilustrador e analisada pelos especialistas. Conclusão A tecnologia educacional do tipo HQ atingiu adequadas evidências de validade de conteúdo pelos especialistas, podendo ser utilizada como uma das estratégias na orientação da alta hospitalar.

Resumen Objetivo Desarrollar y analizar las evidencias de validez de contenido de una tecnología educativa del tipo historieta para pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización del miocardio (CRM). Métodos Estudio de validación realizado en tres etapas. La primera consistió en la evaluación de las necesidades de información de los pacientes sometidos a CRM; la segunda fue el desarrollo de un guion para la tecnología educativa del tipo historieta, y la tercera fue el análisis de las evidencias de validez de contenido de ese guion, realizada por seis especialistas, donde fue considerado válido un Índice de Validez de Contenido superior al 80 %, y luego un ilustrador elaboró la historieta. Resultados En la primera etapa, 10 pacientes mencionaron la necesidad de obtener información sobre alimentación, consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, control de la ansiedad y del estrés, control del dolor, cuidados de la herida quirúrgica, tabaquismo, actividad física, relación sexual, vuelta al trabajo, autorización para viajar y para conducir vehículos. Con base en estos datos y a partir de la revisión de literatura, se elaboró la historia ficticia de un paciente sometido a una cirugía de revascularización del miocardio, con las respectivas orientaciones realizadas por una enfermera. El guion de la historieta fue evaluado por los especialistas y obtuvo una concordancia adecuada luego de la segunda ronda. Después de la validación, el ilustrador elaboró la historieta y los especialistas la analizaron. Conclusión La tecnología educativa de tipo historieta alcanzó evidencias de validez de contenido adecuadas por los especialistas y puede ser utilizada como una de las estrategias para la orientación en el alta hospitalaria.

Abstract Objective To develop and analyze the evidence of content validity of a comic book-type educational technology for patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft surgery (CABG). Methods Validation study conducted in three steps. The first consisted of assessing the information needs of patients undergoing CABG; the second was the development of a comic book-type educational technology script; and the third, was the analysis of the evidence of content validity of this script performed by six experts. It was considered valid when a Content Validity Index above 80% was obtained. Subsequently, the comic book was designed by an illustrator. Results In the first step, ten patients reported needing information about food, alcohol consumption, anxiety and stress control, pain control, surgical wound care, smoking, physical activity, sexual intercourse, returning to work and clearance to travel and drive. Based on these data, a fictitious history of a patient undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery was developed from a literature review, with the respective instructions given by the nurse. This comic book script was evaluated by the experts, reaching adequate agreement after the second round. After validation, the comic book was designed by the illustrator and analyzed by the experts. Conclusion The educational technology of the comic book-type reached adequate evidence of content validity by the experts, and can be used as one of the strategies in guidance of hospital discharge.

Técnicas gráficas na predição do rendimento escolar infantil / Graphic techniques in predicting children's school performance / Técnicas gráficas para predecir el rendimiento escolar de los niños

Este estudo verificou o valor preditivo das tarefas do teste Figuras Complexas de Rey (tipo de cópia e tipo de memória) e do Desenho da Figura Humana (inteligência não verbal) para avaliar o rendimento escolar em crianças do Ensino Fundamental I. Realizou-se um estudo com delineamento transversal em que participaram 344 alunos, com idades entre os seis e 10 anos (M = 7,99; DP = 1,47). Aplicou-se coletivamente, em sala de aula, as Figuras Complexas de Rey e o Desenho da Figura Humana. Os resultados evidenciaram correlações significativas positivas entre a percepção visual, a memória imediata e a inteligência não verbal com as notas de português e matemática. O modelo de path analysis indicou que a inteligência não verbal foi capaz de predizer o rendimento escolar das disciplinas de língua portuguesa e matemática, enquanto as habilidades de planejamento e percepção visual foram significativas para predizer o rendimento em matemática (AU).

This study verified the predictive value of the tasks of the Rey Complex Figures test (type of copy and type of memory) and the Drawing of the Human Figure (non-verbal intelligence) to assess school performance in children of Elementary School I. A cross-sectional study involving 344 students, aged between six and 10 years old (M = 7.99; SD = 1.47). Rey Complex Figures and the Human Figure Drawing were applied collectively in the classroom. The results showed significant positive correlations between visual perception, immediate memory and non-verbal intelligence with Portuguese and math scores. The path analysis model indicated that non-verbal intelligence was able to predict school performance in Portuguese and mathematics subjects, while planning and visual perception skills were significant in predicting math performance (AU).

Este estudio verificó el valor predictivo de las tareas del Test de la Figura Compleja de Rey (tipo de copia y tipo de memoria) y del Dibujo de la Figura Humana (inteligencia no verbal) para evaluar el desempeño escolar de los niños de la Escuela Primaria I. Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que participaron 344 alumnos con edades entre 6 y 10 años (M = 7.99; SD = 1.47). Los tests de la Figura Compleja de Rey y del Dibujo de la Figura Humana fueron aplicados colectivamente en clase. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones positivas significativas entre la percepción visual, la memoria inmediata y la inteligencia no verbal con el rendimiento en las asignaturas de lengua portuguesa y matemáticas. El modelo de path analysis indicó que la inteligencia no verbal fue capaz de predecir el rendimiento en lengua portuguesa y matemáticas, mientras que las habilidades de planificación y percepción visual fueron significativas para predecir el rendimiento en matemáticas (AU).

Why do graphic health warnings fail: An explanatory case study on the persistence of smoking behavior among male adult smokers in a rural and low-income setting in the Philippines

BACKGROUND@#The Philippines enacted in 2014 Republic Act No. 10643 that mandated the printing of Graphic Health Warnings on tobacco packages. However, smoking behavior among male smokers in the country, particularly in rural and low-income areas, persists even if the Graphic Health Warnings are according to the guidelines set by the World Health Organization. Hence, this explanatory case study aims to examine why and how most male adult smokers in a rural and low-income setting in the Philippines fail to quit smoking despite the presence of Graphic Health Warnings on tobacco packages.@*METHODS@#Forty-four male adult smokers from Barangay Urdaneta in Magallanes, Cavite, were recruited to participate in this study through snowball sampling. They underwent semi-structured interviews about their history of smoking, experiences as a smoker, and perspectives on Graphic Health Warnings. Thematic analysis of verbatim transcripts was then carried out to identify emerging themes.@*RESULTS@#Findings showed Graphic Health Warnings fail to persuade against smoking because fear was not aroused enough for smoking cessation. Specifically, the perception of risk from smoking was low due to lack of literacy on its harmful effects, and self-efficacy needed for smoking cessation was low because of self-doubt and denial. Other factors, such as the subjective and social benefits of smoking, were likewise contributory to the persistence of smoking behavior.@*CONCLUSION@#All these concerns must be considered for an effective campaign against tobacco use and consumption since Graphic Health Warnings on tobacco packages is only one strategy to address the burden of tobacco smoking.

Visual abstracts: an innovative way to disseminate scientific Information / Visual abstracts: uma forma inovadora de divulgar informação científica

ABSTRACT Technological innovations often occur and make an impact on many industries. In academia, Visual Abstracts have been a trend and represent a creative and dynamic way to disseminate scientific knowledge. Although still rare in Brazil, more than 15 journals already use Visual Abstracts worldwide. This brief paper intends to present the concept and discuss the potential effectiveness of this innovative tool.

RESUMO Inovações tecnológicas ocorrem frequentemente e causam impacto em diversos setores. No meio acadêmico, Visual Abstracts têm sido uma tendência e representam uma forma criativa e dinâmica de divulgar o conhecimento científico. Apesar de ainda raros no Brasil, mais de 15 periódicos já utilizam Visual Abstracts no mundo. Este breve artigo pretende apresentar o conceito e discutir a potencial efetividade dessa ferramenta inovadora.

Comunicación educativa y educación para el ocio en educación física escolar / Educational communication and education for leisure in physical education at school

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir y analizar las aproximaciones teóricas de la Comunicación educativa y de la educación para el ocio en Educación Física escolar. En la Educación Primaria, en Brasil, es donde existen las tasas más altas de abandono de alumnos. En las clases de Educación Física muchos alumnos no tienen una participación efectiva, debido a factores didáctico-metodológicos y de construcción curricular. Los estudios de la Comunicación educativa, con fundamentos en neurociencia, podrán ser útiles en la búsqueda de soluciones para este problema. Esta es una investigación bibliográfica y cualitativa. Tomando como base las discusiones de la Comunicación educativa y los estudios del ocio, las clases de Educación Física pueden ser más interesantes e incentivar a los alumnos para la construcción y la producción de conocimiento en torno al cuerpo, a las prácticas corporales y a los medios.

The objective of this study is to discuss and analyze how close the Educational communication and education for leisure are in Physical Education classes at school. The Elementary School is where you can find the highest dropout rate in Brazil. At the Physical Education classes the students do not have an effective participation due to didactic-methodological matters and curriculum construction. So, the Educational Communication studies, based on the neuroscience assumptions, can be useful for searching solutions for this problem. This refers to a bibliographic and qualitative investigation. The Educational communication discussions and leisure studies, can make the Physical Education classes more interesting and encourage students for knowledge construction and production on their body, body practices and mass media.

Analysis of statistic health care as indicators of efficiency service in Semen Padang Hospital through Barber Johnson graph

Background: The efficiency of service delivery is very important for hospitals. One measurement of service indicators that can be used is the Barber Johnson graph (GBJ). GBJ is needed to see and measure the level of service efficiency in hospitals. The indicators used are bed occupancy rate (BOR), bed turnover rate (BTR), turnover interval (TI), and length of stay (LOS). This graph can also be used to compare or view hospital developments at different times, and to increase the likelihood of changes in one variable by changing other variables. This research was conducted at Semen Padang Hospital (SPH), Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.Methods: The purpose of this study was to determine the statistical value of hospital and hospital service efficiency levels by using the Barber Johnson graphic. This research method is descriptive by direct observation of the medical record file of inpatients since the January to December 2017 period.Results: Statistical data obtained from SPH in 2018 showed the value of service days 30132, and the Number of beds 144 units. From the data processing results obtained a total bed occupancy rate 60.83%, bed turnover rate 6.86 times, turnover interval 2 days and average length of stay 3 days.Conclusions: Statistical data obtained from SPH in 2018 shows the value of BOR, TI is in an efficient, while BTR and LOS are inefficient.

Histórias em quadrinhos como recurso metodológico: uma possibilidade nas aulas de educação física / Comics as a methodological resource: a possibility in physical education classes / Las historietas como recurso metodológico: una posibilidad en las clases de educación física

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever as consequências da implementação de três unidades de ensino utilizando histórias em quadrinhos como recurso metodológico nas aulas de Educação Física Escolar. É uma pesquisa descritiva, pautada em uma abordagem qualitativa, na qual unidades didáticas sobre lutas, ultimate frisbee e práticas corporais e saúde foram desenvolvidas em três turmas nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Os resultados indicam que a estratégia de utilizar histórias em quadrinhos como recurso metodológico foi extremamente produtiva. Pontualmente, os alunos aprenderam sobre os temas estudados em comparação ao que sabiam anteriormente ao desenvolvimento das unidades didáticas. Especialmente os momentos de debates após a leitura das histórias em quadrinhos foram fundamentais na constituição dos conhecimentos conceituais. Na percepção dos alunos, é um recurso interessante e estimulante para estudar.

This research aims to describe the consequences of implementing three teaching units using comic books as a methodological resource in school Physical Education classes. This is a descriptive study based on a qualitative approach, in which didactic units on fighting, ultimate frisbee, and bodily and health practices were developed with three classes in the final years of Elementary School. The results indicate that the strategy of using comic books as a methodological resource was extremely productive. Specifically, students learned about the topics studied in comparison to what they knew prior to the development of the units. After reading the comics, the debates were especially important to establish conceptual knowledge. According to the students' perception, it is an interesting and stimulating resource for studying.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir las consecuencias de la implementación de tres unidades didácticas utilizando historietas como recurso metodológico en las clases de Educación Física. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, basada en un enfoque cualitativo, en la que se desarrollaron unidades didácticas sobre luchas, ultimate frisbee y prácticas corporales y de salud en tres cursos de los últimos años de la escuela primaria. Los resultados indican que la estrategia de utilizar historietas como recurso metodológico fue extremadamente productiva. Específicamente, los estudiantes aprendieron sobre los temas estudiados en comparación con lo que sabían antes del desarrollo de las unidades didácticas. Especialmente, los momentos de debate, después de leer las historietas fueron fundamentales en la constitución de los conocimientos conceptuales. En la percepción de los alumnos, se trata de un recurso interesante y estimulante para estudiar.

Factors Associated with Poor Perceptions of Graphic Warning Signs (GWS) on Cigarette Package among Adult Smokers in Kelantan

@#Introduction: Initially, studies showed that graphic warning signs (GWSs) on cigarette packages encouraged smoking cessation. However, there have been recent concerns over the effectiveness of GWSs to change smoker perceptions and behavior over time. Our goals were to assess the latest perceptions of GWSs among smokers in Kelantan and to determine the factors associated with them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among respondents who attended outpatient clinics in a teaching hospital in Kelantan. Their perceptions were analyzed with a validated Malay questionnaire containing four domains: fear, influence, credibility, and picture content. Results: The average smoking age was 17 (3.04) years old. The mean smoking time was 11 (7.49) years. The average daily cigarettes smoked was 8 (6.26). Most respondents perceived low levels of fear (83%), poor picture content (65.5%), low influence (87.6%), and low levels of credibility (70.1%) in GWSs. Those with low levels of education were significantly associated with poor perceptions of GWSs. Conclusion: Despite vigorous efforts by the government to discourage smoking in Kelantan, smokers still poorly perceive GWSs. More effective health-promotion strategies are essential to influence smokers in this area.

La confiabilidad de las técnicas proyectivas gráficas en la pericia psicológica del abuso sexual / The reliability of graphic projective techniques in the psychological expertise of sexual abuse

Hay un protagonismo y una alta demanda de solicitudes de pericía psicológica en casos de abuso sexual. La admisibilidad de la prueba pericial requiere rigor científico de la técnica. Históricamente, los tests gráficos proyectivos han sido cuestionados para su uso en el campo forense. Sin embargo, proporcionan información valiosa sobre el sujeto, adecuados para niños y adolescentes, no revictimizan. La técnica proyectiva gráfica persona bajo la lluvia se actualizó en Argentina con base en los conceptos e instrumentos de la técnica del algoritmo David Liberman, consolidando una confiabilidad para estudiar recursos subjetivos en una situación de vulnerabilidad. Hay una utilidad en la pericía psicológica del abuso para identificar grados de maduración yoica, para detectar la presencia de trauma o de un desarrollo psicosexual normal, ayudando a estimar el posible daño psíquico(AU)

There is a leading role and a high demand for requests for psychological expertise in cases of sexual abuse. The admissibility of expert evidence requires scientific rigor of the technique. Projective graphic tests have historically been questioned for use in the forensic field. However, they provide valuable information about the subject, suitable for children and adolescents, it don't revictimize. The graphical projective technique Person in the Rain was updated in Argentina based on the concepts and instruments of the David Liberman Algorithm technique, consolidating a reliability to study subjective resources in a situation of vulnerability. There is usefulness in the psychological expertise of abuse to identify degrees of self-maturation, detect the presence of trauma or normal psychosexual development, helping to estimate possible psychological damage(AU)

The efficient of beds used based on graphic Barber Johnson at Semen Padang Hospital in 2017

Background: Quality of hospital services can be seen from the bed usage. Statistical analysis of efficiency bed usage can be mesured based on inpatient medical records. To determine the efficiency requires four parameters namely bed occupancy rate (BOR), average length of stay (ALoS), turnover interval (TI), and bed turnover (BTR). parameters can be presented using Graphic Barber Johnson. This study aims to determine the efficiency of bed usage at Semen Padang Hospital in 2017.Methods: This research was conducted at Semen Padang Hospital, West Sumatera, Indonesia from January to December 2017. The study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data was collected from medical records department. The population is all abstraction data of in-patient medical record in 2017, 9796 medical record used total sampling technique. Data analysis was performed by calculating the values of ALoS, BOR, BTR, and TI. Data will be presented based on graphic Barber Johnson. Excel 2010 and graphic Barber Johnson method were applied for data analysis.Results: Number of daily inpatient censuses in 2017 are 31227 and number of service days are 31362. Number of beds 144. Statistical analysis results obtained total BOR 60%, BTR 67 times, TI 2 days and ALoS 3 days. The highest value of bed occupancy rate is 66% on August.Conclusions: Based on statistical, value of bed occupancy rate (60%) and turnover interval (2 days) are efficient at Semen Padang Hospital in 2017. Average length of stay (3 days) and bed turnover rate (67 times) are not effici

Use of Ionic Liquids for Preconcentration/Separation of Diazinon by In Situ Solvent Formation Microextraction (ISFME) and Measurement by the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

In the current study, the UV-Vis spectrophotometer has been used for measuring the Diazinon. The extraction andpreconcentration of Diazinon was done by the use of In Situ Solvent Formation Microextraction (ISFME) method, and theionic liquids 1-Hexyl 3-methyl-imidazolium bromide [Hmim] [Br] and lithium (bis-trifluoromethylsulfonyl) -imide [Li(NTF2)] as the opposite ion. Different parameters effective on extraction such as the sample solvent pH, the amount of ionicliquid, the centrifuge duration, the amount of salt, and the amount of the opposite ion (NTF2-) were investigated at the twoscreening and response levels by the experiment designing software Statgraphic X64, in order to obtain the optimalconditions. Based on the obtained results, the highest rate of extraction was obtained as 95.41% in the pH of -11.77 for 1 mlsolvent of 0.5 mg/Lit containing Diazinon, 120 mg of ionic liquid, 1 ml of the opposite ion with a concentration of 0.02molar, and the duration of 5 minutes in the centrifuge. The limit of detection of this method is 0.42 mg/Lit based on the 3Sbequation and 0.69 mg/Lit based on the 3Sb/m equation. The relative standard deviation is 1.76% and the enrichment factorwas calculated as 48.66.

Effect of anatomical painting competition on comprehensive quality training of medical students / 解剖学报

The national medical students' anatomical painting competition has been successfully held twice. A large number of works from different parts of the country participated in the competition. "Competition" has effectively aroused the enthusiasm of teachers and students, promoted the development of graphic aided instruction, built a platform for medical students talent show and talents selection, and promoted the comprehensive quality training of medical students. The second "contest" in the organization is further improved than the first, for the national medical students' anatomical painting competition continued to develop accumulated experience. This paper summarizes and looks forward to the effect of this contest on medical students training.

Cultura y sociedad: Próspero Calderón y su legado para las artes, letras y publicaciones costarricenses / Culture and society: Prospero Calderón and his legacy for Costa Rican arts, letters and publications

Resumen Próspero Calderón (1862-1934) será el primer costarricense que se dedique a la profesión de editor; asimismo, será fotógrafo, docente, diseñador y precursor de las Artes gráficas en el país. Bajo sus ideales de promoción de la cultura se fundan las primeras publicaciones costarricenses en formato de revista: Costa Rica Ilustrada y Páginas Ilustradas, presentando en sus páginas fotografías de H.N. Rudd, Manuel Gómez Miralles y Amando Céspedes, entre otros, así como textos de Joaquín García Monge, Justo A. Facio, Carmen Lyra y Lisímaco Chavarría. Su aporte es imprescindible en el estudio de la sociedad y del arte costarricense en la transición del s. XIX al s. XX. Por lo anterior, para la realización de esta investigación, se recurrió a la Metodología Histórica, desarrollada a partir de las etapas heurística y hermenéutica, para finalizar con una propuesta teórica bajo la figura de Biografía histórica.

Abstract Prospero Calderón (1862-1934) will be the first Costa Rican to devote himself to the profession of editor; Likewise he will be photographer, teacher, designer and precursor of the graphic arts in the country. Under its ideals for the promotion of culture, the first Costa Rican publications are published in a magazine format: Costa Rica Ilustrada and Páginas Ilustradas, featuring on its pages photographs of H.N. Rudd, Manuel Gómez Miralles and Amando Céspedes, among others, as well as texts by Joaquín García Monje, Justo A. Facio, Carmen Lyra and Lisímaco Chavarría. His contribution is essential in the study of Costa Rican society and art in the transition of the s. XIX to s. XX. In order to carry out this research, was used the Historical Methodology, developed from the heuristic and hermeneutic stages, to conclude with a theoretical proposal under the figure of Historical Biography.

AncestryPainter: A Graphic Program for Displaying Ancestry Composition of Populations and Individuals / 基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报·英文版

Ancestry composition of populations and individuals has been extensively investigated in recent years due to advances in the genotyping and sequencing technologies. As the number of populations and individuals used for ancestry inference increases remarkably, say more than 100 populations or 1000 individuals, it is usually challenging to present the ancestry composition in a traditional way using a rectangular graph. To address this issue, we developed a program, AncestryPainter, which can illustrate the ancestry composition of populations and individuals with a rounded and nice-looking graph to save space. Individuals are depicted as length-fixed bars partitioned into colored segments representing different ancestries, and the population of interest can be highlighted as a pie chart in the center of the circle plot. In addition, AncestryPainter can also be applied to display personal ancestry in a way similar to that for displaying population ancestry. AncestryPainter is publicly available at http://www.picb.ac.cn/PGG/resource.php.

Target graphic recognition based on angular point and minimum inertia axis and its application in medicine / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To classify and identify several kinds of basic graphics in medicine, and to explore the practical application.Methods The method combining angular points and minimum inertia axis was applied to execute the study.The necessity to draw a minimum inertia axis through the centroid was determined based on the number of the angular points,and the category of the target graphic was judged by comparing its perimeter and area with the theoretical value of the known graphics. Results The method had high recognition rates for simulation and actual graphics, and was irrelevant to the position,scale and rotation of the graphic.Conclusion The method based on angular points and minimum inertia axis gains advantages when used to recognize the tablet and capsule on the platform.

Desarrollo de un prototipo para su uso como herramienta de apoyo al personal médico en la gradación de triaje para pacientes en los servicios de urgencias basado en sus signos vitales

Se presenta el desarrollo de un prototipo para su uso como herramienta de apoyo al personal médico en la gradación de triaje para pacientes en los servicios de urgencias basado en sus signos vitales. El prototipo consta principalmente de un módulo de instrumentación que mide los signos vitales luego de adquirir y procesar bioseñales presentes en los pacientes. Consta también de una interfaz en plataforma web donde se almacenan y procesan las medidas para gradar en un nivel de urgencia a los pacientes. Para enlazar el módulo de instrumentación y la interfaz de usuario se construye un módulo de comunicaciones basado en la tecnología inalámbrica wifi. Se indican las características principales de los elementos utilizados, configuraciones y protocolos. Se realizan pruebas con el módulo de instrumentación comparando las medidas con las obtenidas por los métodos convencionales usados por los profesionales médicos. Las pruebas se someten a 29 pacientes distintos, 72,4% de los cuales eran del género femenino y 27,6% masculino. El promedio de edad en total fue de 29,4 años; los porcentajes de error que se consiguen son admisibles. Se concluye indicando cómo el sistema descrito puede ser de gran ayuda al personal médico en la toma de decisiones al momento de asignar un nivel de triaje a los pacientes, disminuyendo así el tiempo de clasificación de estos en los servicios de urgencia.

We present the development of a prototype for use as a personal medical support tool in triage grading for patients in emergency services based on their vital signs. The prototype consists of an instrumentation module that measures vital signs after acquiring and processing biosignals present in patients. It also consists of an interface on the web platform where the measures are stored and processed to classify patients at an emergency level; To link the instrumentation module and the user interface, a communications module based on wireless Wi-Fi technology is built. The main characteristics of the elements used, configurations and protocols are indicated. The tests are performed with the instrumentation module that compares the measurements with those obtained by the conventional methods used by medical professionals, the tests are submitted to 29 different patients, 72.4% of which were female and 27.6% male, the average age was 29.4 years; The percentages of error that are obtained are admissible. It can be identified how the treatment system can be of great personal medical help in the decision making when assigning a level of triage to the patients, thus reducing the time of classification of these in the emergency services.

Apresenta-se o desenvolvimento de um protótipo para seu uso como ferramenta de apoio pessoa médico na gradação da triagem para pacientes nos serviços de urgências com base nos seus sinais vitais logo de adquirir e processar bio-sinais presentes nos pacientes. Além disso, o protótipo tem uma interface na plataforma web onde armazene os dados e processam as medidas para gerar um nível da triagem para os pacientes. Para ligar o modulo de instrumentação e a interface do usuário construiu-se um modulo de comunicações com base na tecnologia sem fio wifi. Indica-se as características principais dos elementos usados, configurações e protocolos. Realizam-se provas com o modulo de instrumentação comparado com as medidas obtidas pelos métodos convencionais usados pelos profissionais médicos. As provas foram sometidas a 29 pacientes diferentes, 72,4% mulheres e 27,6% homens. A media de idade foi de 29,4 anos; as porcentagens do erro são admissíveis. As conclusões encontram que o sistema descrito pode ser de ajuda para o pessoal médico na toma de decisões no memento de assignar o nível da triagem para os pacientes, diminuindo o tempo de classificação destes serviços de urgência.