ABSTRACT
La regulación en el uso de antibióticos promotores de crecimiento en la alimentación animal requiere de la búsqueda de alternativas nutricionales seguras, que mejoren la salud intestinal y el rendimiento productivo en los animales, mientras protegen la salud del consumidor. La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de Bacillus subtilis sobre el desarrollo de órganos digestivos, la morfología del intestino y el rendimiento productivo, en pollos de engorde.192 pollos Cobb 500 de un día de edad fueron asignados aleatoriamente a una de tres dietas: basal libre de antibióticos (D1), basal adicionada con 10 ppm de avilamicina (D2) o basal adicionada con 50 ppm de esporas de B. subtilis (D3), durante 42 días. Los días 21 y 42 de edad, se determinó la conversión alimenticia (CA), la ganancia acumulada de peso (GAP) y se evaluó el desarrollo de los principales órganos digestivos y la histomorfología de cada segmento del intestino delgado, mediante el sacrificio de 48 aves (8 aves/dieta/día). El uso de B. subtilis incrementó significativamente la CA y la GAP. Por otra parte, B. subtilis aumentó la alométria del intestino en comparación con el uso de antibióticos, aunque no se evidenciaron diferencias significativas para el peso de órganos digestivos, entre ambos tratamientos; B. subtilis mejoró la altura de las vellosidades y disminuyó la profundidad de las criptas, significativamente. B. subtilis favorece el desempeño productivo en pollos de engorde, mejora el desarrollo de órganos digestivos y la histomorfología del intestino delgado.
Regulation in the use of growth promoters antibiotics in animal feed has led to the search for safe nutritional alternatives that improve intestinal health and growth performance in animal, while protecting consumer health. The aim was to assess the effect of Bacillus subtilis on the digestive organs development, intestinal morphology and growth performance in broilers. A total of 192 one-day old Cobb 500 chicks, were randomized and assigned to one of three diets: basal diet free of antibiotics (D1) or basal diet added with 10ppm of avilamicyn (D2) or basal diet added with 50ppm of B. subtilis's spores (D3) for 42 days. On days 21 and 42 the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average body weight (ABW) were determined; also, eight birds per treatment were euthanized to assess the development of digestive organs and the histomorphology in the different sections of the small intestine. The use of B. subtilis significantly increased FCR and ABW. On the other hand, B. subtilis significantly small intestine length compared to antibiotic growth promoter, but there was no differences in the weight of the digestive organs between B. subtilis and antibiotic diet, in addition B. subtilis improve villus height and decreased crypt depth significantly. In conclusion, the use of B. subtilis improve growth performance, digestive organs development and small intestine histomorphology in broilers.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to isolate native lactic acid bacteria of yellow tail lambari (Astyanax bimaculatus) and evaluate their effect on host microbiota and gut morphology, as well as survival after experimental challenge. The isolated bacterial strains were evaluated for their inhibition against pathogenic bacterial strains in vitro, and the strain with highest inhibitory ability was molecularly identified as Lactobacillus spp. For in vivo testing, eighty fish were distributed in ten tanks equipped with a recirculation system. The experimental units were divided into two treatments: fish fed with Lactobacillus spp. supplement and fish fed an unsupplemented diet (control). After 30 days, guts from three fish from each experimental unit were pooled for microbiological and histological analysis. The other five fish were inoculated with 2.1x104CFU.mL-1 of Aeromonas hydrophila to evaluate survival after 24h. Lambaris fed with the probiotic diet had a lower count of Vibrios spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp., and a higher count of lactic acid bacteria compared to control treatment, as well as, increased length, width and perimeter of intestinal villi, as well as higher survival rate (16.2%) after experimental challenge compared to the unsupplemented group. The results show that the Lactobacillus spp. used has effect probiotic for yellow tail lambari.(AU)
Este estudo objetivou isolar bactéria ácido-láctica nativa do lambari-do-rabo-amarelo (Astyanax bimaculatus) e seu efeito na microbiota e morfologia do trato digestório do hospedeiro, assim como a sobrevivência após um desafio experimental. As bactérias isoladas foram avaliadas quanto a suas inibições in vitro contra bactérias patogênicas; a cepa com maior capacidade de inibição foi identificada como Lactobacillus spp. Para o teste in vivo, 80 peixes foram distribuídos em 10 tanques equipados com sistema de recirculação. As unidades experimentais foram divididas em dois tratamentos: peixes alimentados com Lactobacillus spp. suplementado e peixes alimentados com dieta não suplementada (controle). Após 30 dias, foram coletados o trato intestinal de três peixes, por unidade experimental, para análises microbiológicas e histológicas. Outros cinco peixes foram inoculados com 2,1x104UFCmL-1 de Aeromonas hydrophila para se avaliar a sobrevivência após 24h. Lambaris alimentados com probiótico apresentaram menor contagem de Vibrios spp., Pseudomonas spp. e Staphylococcus spp., e maior de bactérias ácido-lácticas quando comparados com o tratamento controle, assim como aumento do comprimento, da largura e do perímetro das vilosidades intestinais e maior taxa de sobrevivência (16,2%,) após desafio experimental, em comparação com o grupo sem suplementação. Os resultados mostram que o Lactobacillus spp. possui efeito probiótico para o lambari-do-rabo-amarelo.(AU)