Effects of chemical straighteners on the hair shaft and scalp

Abstract Background The effects of chemical straighteners on the scalp and hair shaft are not fully known, although such substances are widely used. Hair straightening became popular in Brazil with the use of formaldehyde and its derivatives, despite the prohibition by the current legislation. Objective To identify changes in hair shaft and scalp caused by the use of chemical straighteners. Methods A search was performed using keywords in three databases from 03/16/2020 to 05/20/2020, with publications between the years 2000 to 2020. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were selected for review. Results In some studies, hair relaxers were associated with eczema, desquamation, pain, burns, and inflammation in the scalp. Hair loss, damage to the shaft, alteration in the color of the hairs and in the composition of their amino acids were observed. Findings are variable across the studies. Study limitations The search was restricted to three databases, in two languages, different study designs were accepted. Conclusions Straightening techniques can have side effects, including scalp inflammation, damage to the shaft, and hair loss. Its long-term effects remain unknown and further studies are necessary.

Avaliação da eficácia de ampola capilar contendo células-tronco do folículo piloso humano na redução da perda capilar em mulheres acometidas por alopecia androgenética / Efficacy assessment of hair ampoule containing human hair follicle stem cells in hair loss reduction in women with androgenetic alopecia

Introdução: A alopecia androgenética caracteriza-se pelo afinamento e perda progressiva dos fios de cabelo decorrentes da ação dos hormônios andrógenos, causando a miniaturização dos folículos e diminuição do tempo de duração do ciclo capilar. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia de ampola tópica capilar contendo células-tronco do folículo piloso humano em mulheres com alopecia androgenética. Métodos: Utilizou-se fototricograma e método de análise de imagem por cobertura para determinar a eficácia do produto investigacional comparado ao placebo após quatro meses de tratamento. Resultados: Houve aumento significativo no percentual de fios anágenos (34,99%) e redução no percentual de fios telógenos (16,59%) para o grupo tratado, o que não ocorreu no grupo placebo. Houve aumento significativo na cobertura do couro cabeludo das participantes tratadas após quatro meses de uso do produto (33,6%). Conclusões: O tratamento tópico investigacional foi eficaz na melhora da perda capilar da alopecia androgenética feminina após quatro meses de tratamento.

Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia is characterized by the thinning and progressive hair loss due to the action of androgen hormones, causing the miniaturization of follicles and altering hair cycle. Objective: To assess the efficacy of a topical hair ampoule containing human follicle stem cells, in women with androgenetic alopecia. Methods: We used phototrichogram and image analysis to determine investigational product's efficacy compared to placebo after four months of treatment. Results: There was significant increase in the percentage of anagen hair (34.99%) and a decrease in the percentage of telogen hair (16.59%) for the treated group, what did not occur for the placebo group. There was significant increase in the scalp coverage for the treated participants after four months of product use (33.6%). Conclusions: The topical investigational treatment was effective to improve hair loss in female androgenetic alopecia after four months of treatment.

Estudio sobre la pérdida de cabello y las prácticas de cuidado entre los estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales, Manizales (Colombia), 2016 / Study on hair loss and care practices among students of the Universidad de Manizales, Manizales (Colombia), 2016

Objetivo: el ambiente universitario sumado a las exigencias de tipo mental, físico y demás, representaría un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de patologías capilares, que impliquen la pérdida de cabello, dentro de la población de estudiantes universitarios. El objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar la frecuencia del fenómeno de la caída de cabello en estudiantes regulares de la Universidad de Manizales, Manizales (Colombia), 2016. Materiales y métodos: estudio poblacional de corte transversal analítico, en una muestra de 330 estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales. Se aplicó un instrumento que medía variables demográficas, variables de cuidado capilar y las escalas de alopecia androgénica Hamilton-Norwood y Ludwig. Resultados: edad promedio 21,8 años. Según las escalas empleadas el 55,7% de los estudiantes presentan caída de cabello. Se encontró enfermedad autoinmune en 7,6% de la muestra, siendo la más común el hipotiroidismo autoinmune en un 44%. El antecedente de alopecia se encontró en el 42,7% de los participantes. El nivel de estrés encontrado fue moderado en un 76,7% según cuestionario de estrés de examen de Cisco. Hubo relación significativa (p=0,000) entre el fenómeno de caída de cabello detectado y el programa académico cursado por el estudiante, siendo los más afectados contaduría 85%, derecho 75% y medicina 72%. Psicología reportó la menor cifra con 27,5%. El 84% de los estudiantes con enfermedad autoinmune presentan caída de cabello, el porcentaje de caída de cabello en quienes refirieron estrés de examen moderdo fue de 59,4%. Conclusiones: en la población del presente estudio se encuentra una proporción alta de caída de cabello, lo que hace urgente una intervención..(AU)

Objective: the university environment added to the demands of mental, physical and other types, would represent a risk factor for the development of hair pathologies, involving hair loss, within the population of university students. The objective of the present investigation is to identify the frequency of the phenomenon of hair loss in regular students of the University of Manizales, Manizales (Colombia), 2016. Materials and methods: analytical cross-sectional population study, in a sample of 330 students of the Universidad de Manizales. An instrument that measured demographic variables, capillary care variables and the androgenic alopecia scales Hamilton-Norwood and Ludwig was applied. Results: average age 21.8 years. According to the scales used, 55.7% of students show hair loss. Autoimmune disease was found in 7.6% of the sample, the most common being autoimmune hypothyroidism in 44%. The history of alopecia was found in 42.7% of the participants. The level of stress found was moderate by 76.7% according to the Cisco exam stress test. There was a significant relationship (p = 0.000) between the phenomenon of hair loss detected and the academic program taken by the student, with the most affected being accountancy with 85%, law with 75% law, and medicine 72%. Psychology reported the lowest with 27.5%. 84% of students with autoimmune disease have hair loss, the percentage of hair loss in those who reported moderate levels of stress was 59.4%. Conclusions: in the population of the present study there is a high proportion of hair loss, which makes an intervention urgent..(AU)

Efficacy of a Hair Tonic Containing Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Conditioned Media in Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: The development of a safe and convenient agent that can promote hair growth in patients with androgenetic alopecia remains challenging. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of a newly developed hair tonic containing a human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSC)-derived conditioned medium in promoting hair growth. METHODS: This double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study investigated the efficacy of a hair tonic containing an hUCB-MSC-derived conditioned medium in 30 patients with patterned hair loss. Treatment efficacy was determined using phototrichograms to evaluate the density, diameter, and hair growth rate at baseline levels and after 4, 8, and 16 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: The hair density in the group treated with the hair tonic significantly increased from 125.2 to 134.6 hairs/cm2 (p<0.05). In this same group, the thickness of hair also increased from 0.083 to 0.110 mm (p<0.05). Additionally, the hair growth rate increased from 0.285 to 0.338 mm/day (p<0.05). No severe adverse reactions were reported. CONCLUSION: A hair tonic containing an hUCB-MSC-derived conditioned medium could be a new effective alternative to treat patients with androgenetic alopecia.

The Effect of Work Characteristics on Dermatologic Symptoms in Hairdressers

OBJECTIVES: Hairdressers in Korea perform various tasks and are exposed to health risk factors such as chemical substances or prolonged duration of wet work. The objective of this study is to provide descriptive statistics on the demographics and work characteristics of hairdressers in Korea and to identify work-related risk factors for dermatologic symptoms in hairdressers. METHODS: 1,054 hairdressers were selected and analyzed for this study. Independent variables were exposure to chemical substances, the training status of the hairdressers, and the main tasks required of them, and the dependent variable was the incidence of dermatologic symptoms. The relationships between work characteristics and dermatologic symptoms were evaluated by estimating odds ratios using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Among the 1,054 study subjects, 212 hairdressers (20.1%) complained of dermatologic symptoms, and the symptoms were more prevalent in younger, unmarried or highly educated hairdressers. The main tasks that comprise the majority of the wet work were strictly determined by training status, since 96.5% of staff hairdressers identified washing as their main task, while only 1.5% and 2.0% of master and designer hairdressers, respectively, identified this as their main task. Multiple logistic regressions was performed to estimate odds ratios. While exposure to hairdressing chemicals showed no significant effect on the odds ratio for the incidence of dermatologic symptoms, higher odds ratios of dermatologic symptoms were shown in staff hairdressers (2.70, 95% CI: 1.32 - 5.51) and in hairdressers who perform washing as their main task (2.03, 95% CI: 1.22 - 3.37), after adjusting for general and work characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the training status and main tasks of hairdressers are closely related to each other and that the training status and main tasks of hairdressers are related to the incidence of dermatologic symptoms. This suggests that in the future, regulations on working conditions and health management guidelines for hairdressers should be established.

Tratamentos estéticos e cuidados dos cabelos: uma visão médica (parte 1) / Hair care: a medical overview (part 1)

Dúvidas sobre a ação dos cosméticos capilares sobre a saúde do corpo e dos cabelos são cada vez mais frequentes nas consultas dermatológicas. Os médicos dermatologistas necessitam enriquecer o conhecimento a respeito, não somente, das doenças do couro cabeludo, como também das interações moleculares dos cosméticos usados na fibra capilar, incluindo a influência de tais produtos quando absorvidos pelo epitélio do couro cabeludo. A cada dia, aumentam as consultas médicas para esclarecimento de quais técnicas e produtos químicos são mais indicados para permitir que os cabelos sofram as alterações desejadas de seu aspecto natural e, ao mesmo tempo, mantenhamse saudáveis e belos. Neste artigo, dividido em duas partes, abordamos a fisiologia dos cabelos, sua estrutura e natureza química, os agentes usados para seu alisamento, sua coloração, higiene e seu tratamento estético e as consequências que tais procedimentos podem ter na saúde em geral, incluindo sua segurança no uso durante a gravidez e lactação.

Doubts concerning the action of hair cosmetics and the health of both body and hair are very frequent in the dermatological visits. Dermatologists need no only to enrich the knowledge of scalp diseases but also of molecular interactions of cosmetics used in hair fi ber, including the infl uence of such products when absorbed by the epithelium of the scalp. The amount of medical visits increases every day to fi nd out which techniques and chemical products are best indicated to enable the desired changes in hair from its natural appearance and, at the same time, to keep the hair healthy and beautiful. In this article, divided in two parts, we discuss the hair physiology, structure and chemical nature, as well as the agents used for its smoothing, coloring, hygiene and cosmetic treatment, and the consequences that such procedures can have on overall health, including their use safety during pregnancy and lactation.

Cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência aplicada ao controle da qualidade de cis-permetrina em loção capilar / High-performance liquid chromatography applied to the control of the quality of cis-permethrin in capillary lotion

Doenças ectoparasitárias como a escabiose, a pediculose, a tungíase e a larva migrans cutânea são epidêmicas em inúmeras comunidades carentes no Brasil e seu controle efetivo é um desafio para a Saúde Pública. Embora a permetrina seja um dos medicamentos aprovados pelo Food and Drug Administration para o tratamento da pediculose, não há um método oficial disponível para a realização do controle da qualidade deste produto em loção capilar de uso humano. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e validar um método analítico sensível, específico, preciso e exato para esta análise, seguindo os critérios descritos na Resolução no 899/2003 da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). A cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC) com detector diode array (λ = 235nm) foi empregada na determinação de cis-permetrina em loção capilar, visando implementar um sistema de controle da qualidade em laboratórios analíticos. A cis-permetrina e a substância utilizada como padrão interno (PI), o cloridrato de nafazolina, foram separados em coluna analítica S5W (4,6 x 150mm) Waters Spherisorb® e eluídos isocraticamente (fluxo de 1,2mL/min). A cis-permetrina e o PI foram caracterizados pelos tempos de retenção de 1,52 e 8,66 minutos respectivamente. O método mostrou-se linear na faixa de 1,6 a 127,5µg/mL e, nos estudos de precisão intra e interensaio, foram obtidos coeficientes de variação inferiores a 5%, calculados a partir dos resultados. A exatidão média do método foi de 103%. Os limites de detecção e quantificação foram 1,6µg/mL e 2,4µg/mL respectivamente. A cis-permetrina manteve-se estável por 24 horas à temperatura ambiente; por 15 dias a 4ºC e 30 dias a -20ºC. O método mostrou-se simples e apropriado para a determinação de cis-permetrina em loção capilar.

Parasitic skin diseases such as scabies, pediculosis, tungiasis, and cutaneous larva migrans are epidemic in numerous communities in Brazil and their effective control is a major challenge to public health. Permethrim is one of the medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat pediculosis. However, official methods of quality control for permethrin's use as hair lotion are currently unavailable. Thus, a specific and accurate method was validated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a diode array detector (λ = 235 nm) in order to determine cis-permethrin in hair lotion, aiming to establish a systemof quality control in analytical laboratories. Cis-permethrin and naphazolinechloride (internal standard - IS) were separated in an analytical S5W column (4.6 x 150 mm) Waters Spherisorb® and isocratically eluted (flow rate =1.2 mL/min). Cis-permethrin and IS were characterized by their retention times: 1.52 and 8.66 minutes, respectively. The accuracy of this method was 103%. A linear range was detected from 1.6 to 127.5µg/ml and CV < 5% calculated from intra and inter-essay precision results. LOD and LOQ were 1.6µg/mL and 2.4µg/mL, respectively. Cis-permethrin remained stable for 24 hours at room temperature; for 15 days at 4ºC and 30 days at -20ºC. The method was considered simple and suitable for determination of cis-permethrin in hair lotion.