ABSTRACT
In the present day when the space structure of the spa has been transformed, creation of a relaxation space appropriate for a long stay is in demand. The Onsen Stay promotion plan of the Ministry of the Environment calls for the creation of an expanded relaxation space and experience which utilizes local resources including the ambient surroundings. Furthermore, in the present age, which is said to be a stress society, there is room for the viewpoint that “existence of high-quality communication with the external environment of a spa relieves stress”. This justifies our investigation into whether there is a situation that the external environment of the spa is applied as a relaxation space for long stays. Therefore, in national hot spring health resorts designated as the spas that promoted the Onsen Stay policy, I investigated what kind of program was carried to raise demand for a long-term stays. In this report, I investigate and report on Ruri Highland spa, Hamasaka spa, Umegashima spa, Hatake spa, Hirayu spa, Tazawa spa, Kakeyu spa, and Ichirino spa. I clarified that there were five methods for the making of programs to raise stay demand. Combinations of these five are possible. And I clarified that if these methods analyzed the external environment of the spa appropriate for a long stay, stay demand might be raised for a long term, as shown by an example. I concluded that the possibility of long stays is raised when the external environment including cultural history resources and surroundings nature were utilized, including the creation of various walks and walking courses.
ABSTRACT
In the present day when the space structure of the spa has been transformed, creation of a relaxation space appropriate for a long stay is in demand. The Onsen Stay promotion plan of the Ministry of the Environment calls for the creation of an expanded relaxation space and experience which utilizes local resources including the ambient surroundings. Furthermore, in the present age, which is said to be a stress society, there is room for the viewpoint that “existence of high-quality communication with the external environment of a spa relieves stress”. This justifies our investigation into whether there is a situation that the external environment of the spa is applied as a relaxation space for long stays. Therefore, in national hot spring health resorts designated as the spas that promoted the Onsen Stay policy, I investigated what kind of program was carried to raise demand for a long-term stays. In this report, I investigate and report on Ruri Highland spa, Hamasaka spa, Umegashima spa, Hatake spa, Hirayu spa, Tazawa spa, Kakeyu spa, and Ichirino spa. I clarified that there were five methods for the making of programs to raise stay demand. Combinations of these five are possible. And I clarified that if these methods analyzed the external environment of the spa appropriate for a long stay, stay demand might be raised for a long term, as shown by an example. I concluded that the possibility of long stays is raised when the external environment including cultural history resources and surroundings nature were utilized, including the creation of various walks and walking courses.
ABSTRACT
The Ministry of the Environment is promoting an Onsen Stay policy, is suggesting long stays at spa health resorts and is working on activation in a spa from 2017. What kind of program can be carried out to accept long stay guests at the spa which fills the capacity of the health resort? Programs targeted for Gero Spa, the Osaka hot spring village (Yuya Spa, Shimojima Spa and Nigorigo Spa), Yuwaku Spa, the Hakusan hot spring village (Tedori Spa, new Iwama Spa, Ichirino Spa and Chugu Spa) and Yunokuchi Spa were investigated in this survey. The necessity of creating a space of relaxation suitable for a stay was shown to add new space value and experience value when the area resources including the ambient surroundings in a spa were utilized for long stays in a thesis of Shimomura, who studied the spatial form of the spa and the spatial structure, and in an Onsen Stay promotion plan of the Ministry of the Environment. In the above-named 10 spas the extent to which space value and experience value was added was investigated by listening to the guests concerned and by a local inspection of whether such a program was carried out. Since the program’s implementation in Gero Spa, the Osaka hot spring village and Ichirino Spa, as a result, I found that the long-stay program was feasible. But I also found that there are almost no long-stay guests who utilized the program because needs weren’t taken into consideration in the utilization. In high plains areas in the mountains, I also found that eco-tourism is considered as a stay plan and that town walks utilizing cultural facilities in downtown, walks and day trips to the surrounding scenic and recreation spots are considered as a stay plan in the newly-formed spa towns. I suggest that an investigation in spas where long-stay programs have been put into effect is the next necessary step in this research.
ABSTRACT
The Ministry of the Environment is promoting an Onsen Stay policy, is suggesting long stays at spa health resorts and is working on activation in a spa from 2017. What kind of program can be carried out to accept long stay guests at the spa which fills the capacity of the health resort? Programs targeted for Gero Spa, the Osaka hot spring village (Yuya Spa, Shimojima Spa and Nigorigo Spa), Yuwaku Spa, the Hakusan hot spring village (Tedori Spa, new Iwama Spa, Ichirino Spa and Chugu Spa) and Yunokuchi Spa were investigated in this survey. The necessity of creating a space of relaxation suitable for a stay was shown to add new space value and experience value when the area resources including the ambient surroundings in a spa were utilized for long stays in a thesis of Shimomura, who studied the spatial form of the spa and the spatial structure, and in an Onsen Stay promotion plan of the Ministry of the Environment. In the above-named 10 spas the extent to which space value and experience value was added was investigated by listening to the guests concerned and by a local inspection of whether such a program was carried out. Since the program’s implementation in Gero Spa, the Osaka hot spring village and Ichirino Spa, as a result, I found that the long-stay program was feasible. But I also found that there are almost no long-stay guests who utilized the program because needs weren’t taken into consideration in the utilization. In high plains areas in the mountains, I also found that eco-tourism is considered as a stay plan and that town walks utilizing cultural facilities in downtown, walks and day trips to the surrounding scenic and recreation spots are considered as a stay plan in the newly-formed spa towns. I suggest that an investigation in spas where long-stay programs have been put into effect is the next necessary step in this research.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To review the related articles and consider the potential of Japanese climate and geographical features to health promotion and disease prevention in the context of health resort medicine. Method: To summarise the studies concerning climatotherapy in the world, PubMed database was searched from 1965 to 2014. Additional references were identified from bibliographical searches of included studies. Results: One hundred thirty-five articles were included. These articles were sorted according to the place of health resort and the objective: 1) At the Dead Sea, of maritime climate with natural sunlight and salt water, climatotherapy for psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, rheumatic diseases, vitiligo, uveitis, mycosis fungoides and hypertension; 2) At the Canary Islands, of subtropical maritime climate, climatotherapy for psoriasis, cerebral palsy and atopic dermatitis; 3) At the Alpine mountain area, of moderate- and high-altitude mountain climate, bronchial asthma, atopic eczema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), circulatory diseases, osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome; 4) At the North Sea, climatotherapy for bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis; 5) At the Baltic Sea, climatotherapy for bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, psoriasis, pulmonary silicosis and children after rheumatic disease; 6) At the Island of Jerba in Tunisia, of the Mediterranean maritime climate, climatotherapy for fibromyalgia; 7) At the Adriatic Sea shore in Croatia, climatotherapy for bronchial asthma; 8) At the Black Sea shore, including Evpatoria health resort (Crimea), Azov Sea zone, Black Sea health resort and Sochi health resort, climatotherapy for chronic dermatoses, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, after lung resection in children and non-organized vacationers; 9) At the west coast of Caspian Sea shore, climatotherapy for cerebrovascular disorder; 10) At the mountain hospital in Kyrgyz, of high-altitude mountain climate, aplastic anaemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; 11) At the north shore of Sea of Japan, climatotherapy for the children with oncological disease. In Japan, the total length of coastline is 35,558 km, and the total number of islands is 6,852. The percentage of forest area is 66.4%, moderate-altitude mountain area (250-1,000m above sea level) is 45.0% and high-altitude mountain area (1,000-3,000m) is 6.4%. Climatic region distributes from the subtropical zone to the subarctic zone. Most of the coastal area is close to the mountain area. There are many health resorts for the forest therapy, balneotherapy and thalassotherapy. Conclusions: There would be a high potential of Japanese climate and geographical features as a health resort of climatotherapy and terrain kur to health promotion and disease prevention.
ABSTRACT
Balneotherapy or Health Resort Medicine has a long tradition in Spain. This tradition is still alive today. The main indication of balneotherapy in Spain is rheumatic diseases, especially joints’ degenerative disorders. There are, approximately, 2,000 mineral water springs with the public utility declaration. There are also currently working 119 Thermal Stations, which have 19,154 hotel rooms, with 4,047,000 overnight stays in 2012. They employ 5,310 workers and 904,000 customers enjoy, although not all of them are go in sanitary programs. Total revenue of thermal stations is 255 million euros. Balneotherapy research in Spain takes place mainly at the Complutense University of Madrid, in the Professional School of Medical Hydrology and Department of “Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Medical Hydrology” (Medicine Faculty) and other Universities such as those of Extremadura, Granada, Seville, Vigo and Zaragoza. Hydrotherapy and Aquatic Therapy in Universities: Catolica San Antonio de Murcia, Extremadura, Granada and Malaga and natural mineral waters in the Complutense University of Madrid. Moreover, this year we celebrate 25 years of the Balneotherapy Program of the Elder’s Institute and Social Services (IMSERSO) under the Ministry of Health. The program had 12,848 beds in 28 Spas in 1989 to 209,222 in 2014 in 105 Spas, which in economic terms means moving from 4.3 million euros provided by the IMSERSO in 1989 to 34 million in 2014, with an economic impact of more than 115.2 million adding the contribution of the beneficiaries. More than 2,500,000 people have benefited the program since its implementation.
ABSTRACT
<b>Objective: </b>To review the related articles and consider the potential of Japanese climate and geographical features to health promotion and disease prevention in the context of health resort medicine.<BR><b>Method: </b>To summarise the studies concerning climatotherapy in the world, PubMed database was searched from 1965 to 2014. Additional references were identified from bibliographical searches of included studies.<BR><b>Results: </b>One hundred thirty-five articles were included. These articles were sorted according to the place of health resort and the objective: 1) At the Dead Sea, of maritime climate with natural sunlight and salt water, climatotherapy for psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, rheumatic diseases, vitiligo, uveitis, mycosis fungoides and hypertension; 2) At the Canary Islands, of subtropical maritime climate, climatotherapy for psoriasis, cerebral palsy and atopic dermatitis; 3) At the Alpine mountain area, of moderate- and high-altitude mountain climate, bronchial asthma, atopic eczema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), circulatory diseases, osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome; 4) At the North Sea, climatotherapy for bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis; 5) At the Baltic Sea, climatotherapy for bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, psoriasis, pulmonary silicosis and children after rheumatic disease; 6) At the Island of Jerba in Tunisia, of the Mediterranean maritime climate, climatotherapy for fibromyalgia; 7) At the Adriatic Sea shore in Croatia, climatotherapy for bronchial asthma; 8) At the Black Sea shore, including Evpatoria health resort (Crimea), Azov Sea zone, Black Sea health resort and Sochi health resort, climatotherapy for chronic dermatoses, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, after lung resection in children and non-organized vacationers; 9) At the west coast of Caspian Sea shore, climatotherapy for cerebrovascular disorder; 10) At the mountain hospital in Kyrgyz, of high-altitude mountain climate, aplastic anaemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura; 11) At the north shore of Sea of Japan, climatotherapy for the children with oncological disease.<BR> In Japan, the total length of coastline is 35,558 km, and the total number of islands is 6,852. The percentage of forest area is 66.4%, moderate-altitude mountain area (250-1,000m above sea level) is 45.0% and high-altitude mountain area (1,000-3,000m) is 6.4%. Climatic region distributes from the subtropical zone to the subarctic zone. Most of the coastal area is close to the mountain area. There are many health resorts for the forest therapy, balneotherapy and thalassotherapy.<BR><b>Conclusions: </b>There would be a high potential of Japanese climate and geographical features as a health resort of climatotherapy and terrain kur to health promotion and disease prevention.
ABSTRACT
Balneotherapy or Health Resort Medicine has a long tradition in Spain. This tradition is still alive today. The main indication of balneotherapy in Spain is rheumatic diseases, especially joints’degenerative disorders.<BR> There are, approximately, 2,000 mineral water springs with the public utility declaration.<BR> There are also currently working 119 Thermal Stations, which have 19,154 hotel rooms, with 4,047,000 overnight stays in 2012. They employ 5,310 workers and 904,000 customers enjoy, although not all of them are go in sanitary programs. Total revenue of thermal stations is 255 million euros.<BR> Balneotherapy research in Spain takes place mainly at the Complutense University of Madrid, in the Professional School of Medical Hydrology and Department of “Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Medical Hydrology” (Medicine Faculty) and other Universities such as those of Extremadura, Granada, Seville, Vigo and Zaragoza. Hydrotherapy and Aquatic Therapy in Universities: Catolica San Antonio de Murcia, Extremadura, Granada and Malaga and natural mineral waters in the Complutense University of Madrid.<BR> Moreover, this year we celebrate 25 years of the Balneotherapy Program of the Elder’s Institute and Social Services (IMSERSO) under the Ministry of Health. The program had 12,848 beds in 28 Spas in 1989 to 209,222 in 2014 in 105 Spas, which in economic terms means moving from 4.3 million euros provided by the IMSERSO in 1989 to 34 million in 2014, with an economic impact of more than 115.2 million adding the contribution of the beneficiaries. More than 2,500,000 people have benefited the program since its implementation.