ABSTRACT
The global burden of co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) has a negative impact in Sub-Saharan Africa.WhenHIV, HBV and HCV co-exist, they become life threatening and with high fatality rate particularly in gestation in which transmission occurs vertically, causing fetal and neonatal hepatitis. The study aimed at examining the occurrence rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) co -infection among expectant mothers attending antenatal clinic in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH).The study population comprised of one hundred and fifty (150) pregnant women. Venous blood was used in the study and screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, and anti-HIV antibodies using commercially available immunoassay test kits. The prevalence of HCV, HIV and HBsAg among the pregnant subjects in relation to agegroup 21-30 and 31-40 in the study revealed a seropositive percentage of 0.7% and 1.3%. The other groups, however, showed no positive result among the three viruses.Furthermore, 0.7% of the pregnant women in their first, second and third trimester were co-infected with HCV and HBsAg while 1.3% out of 36.7% and 0.7% out of 61.3% of pregnant women within the age groups21-30 and 31-40 respectively were seropositive for HIV. In relation to gestational age, it was seen from the study that 0.7% of the pregnantwomen in their first, second and third trimester were seropositive for HCV and HBsAg respectively, while 2% of the HIV seropositive pregnant women were in their first trimester. The overall seroprevalence of HCV, HIV and HBsAg as revealed in the study showed that infection was found to be 2% respectively among the pregnant women. The reduced prevalence of hepatitis B (HBsAg), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection observed in the study among pregnant women attending antenatal care in the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital may be attributed to the increase in the awareness amongst the general populace in Port Harcourt especially couples about the consequences of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B as wellas Hepatitis C.In other words, there is reduction in seroprevalence of HBsAg, HCV and HIV which is premised on the efficacy of sensitization particularly on HBV vaccination and preventive protocols for HIV.
ABSTRACT
Os vírus linfotrópicos de células T humanas dos tipos 1 (HTLV-1) e 2 (HTLV2),assim como o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e os vírus dashepatites B (HBV) e C (HCV) compartilham vias de transmissão, portantocoinfecções por estes vírus podem acontecer e alterar o curso das doençasa eles relacionadas. O presente estudo avaliou a prevalência de infecção porHTLV-1/2 em população com hepatite B e C, infectada ou não pelo HIV, e oimpacto das coinfecções na viremia HBV e HCV. O estudo foi realizado em1.244 amostras de plasma/soro enviadas ao Instituto Adolfo Lutz de SãoPaulo para determinação de carga viral (CV) de HBV e HCV: 622 depacientes com HBV (G1, 327 homens e 295 mulheres, média de idade 45,8anos) e 622 de pacientes com HCV (G2, 343 homens e 279 mulheres, médiade idade de 50,8 anos). A triagem de HTLV-1/2 foi realizada por ensaioimunoenzimático (EIA HTLV-I/II, Gold ELISA, REM) e confirmadas porWestern Blot (HTLV BLOT 2.4, MP Biomedicals) e imunoensaio de linha(INNO-LIA HTLV-I/II, Fujirebio). A pesquisa de infecção por HIV foi realizadapor teste imunocromatográfico (kit Rapid Check HIV 1 e 2, NDI, UniversidadeFederal do Espírito Santo, Brasil) seguido do EIA (GS HIV-1/HIV-2 Plus OEIA, Bio-Rad). A infecção por HTLV-1 foi confirmada em 25 amostras (cincono G1 e 20 no G2)...
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) aswell as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) share routes of virus transmission; thusco-infections with such viruses can occur and alter the course of subsequentdiseases. The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of HTLV-1/-2 in blood samples of individuals with hepatitis B and C, infected or not byHIV, and the impact of co-infections on the HBV and HCV viremia. The studywas conducted with 1,244 plasma/serum samples sent to Instituto AdolfoLutz of São Paulo for measuring HCV and HBV viral load (VL): 622 fromHBV-infected patients (G1, 327 male and 295 female, median age 45.8years), and 622 from HCV-infected patients (G2, 343 male and 279 female,median age 50.8 years). HTLV-1/-2 antibodies were screened by enzymeimmunoassay (EIA, HTLV-I/II, Gold ELISA, REM), and confirmed by Westernblot (HTLV BLOT 2.4, MP Biomedicals), and line immunoassay (INNO-LIAHTLV-I/II, Fujirebio). The HIV infection was detected byimmunochromatographic assay (Rapid Check HIV 1 e 2, NDI, UniversidadeFederal do Espírito Santo, Brasil) and by EIA (GS HIV-1/HIV-2 Plus O EIA,Bio-Rad). HTLV-1 was confirmed in 25 samples (5 in G1 and 20 in G2)...
Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis C , ImmunityABSTRACT
Summary:Chronic viral hepatitis clinical symptoms and laboratory test results are varies. The purpose of our survey is to compare the clinical symptoms with some of biochemical parameters. The study was conducted with cross sectional design involving a total of 123 people diagnosed with chronic viral hepatitis. A total of 123 patients involved in our survey, 62 (50.4%) patients of them with chronic hepatitis B, 60 (48.7%) patients of them with chronic hepatitis C and 1 (0.8%) patient with co-infection of hepatitis B and C viruses. Most of patients with clinicalsymptoms were high level of biochemical parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, GGT