ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) refers to the pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) infection in 2019. It is highly infectious, with quick spreading and a wide range of impact. It has been broken out in many countries around the world and has become a public health emergency of international concern. Chinese medicine has a long history in treating plague, and viral disease is the clinical advantage in Chinese medicine. Under the premise that there is currently no specific drug treatment, Chinese medicine has achieved certain effects in the treatment of COVID-19, which has attracted much attention and has been upgraded to a national strategy. Regarding the treatment of COVID-19 with Chinese medicine, it is believed that in terms of the name of Chinese medicine, the modern connotation of "uniform of typhoid and febrile disease" should be re-recognized, and it is advisable to use drugs based on specific clinical prescriptions and indications. In terms of pathogenesis, the COVID-19 has the pathogenesis rules including from the mild to severe conditions, from the surface to the inside, from the excess syndrome to the deficiency syndrome. We should pay attention to the Taiyang syndrome damaged by wet disease in initial stage, Shaoyang syndrome complicated with Yangming syndrome in the middle stage, phlegm-heat obstructing lung in critical period, lung and spleen deficiency in the recovery stage. In terms of clinical treatment strategies, Dayuan Yin is recommended to induce sweat and disperse the stasis in early stage. Xiaochaihu Decoction and Maxing Shigan Decoction is used to relieve both exterior and interior symptoms in middle stage. In critical stage, Tingli Dazao Xiefei Decoction, Weijing Decoction, Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction, Xiaoxianxiong Decoction, and Sanzi Yangqin Decoction are considered to reduce phlegm and clear heat. We should pay attention to nourishing Qi and strengthening the spleen by Zhuye Shigao Decoction, Sha-shen Maidong Decoction, and Liujunzi Decoction in the later recovery period. It shall be noted that, no matter in the initial mild stage, the middle and critical stages, or in the later recovery stage, Chinese medicine plays an important role, including preventing mild to severe disease, shortening the fever time, improving cough symptoms, increasing blood oxygen saturation and reducing mortality. Many studies have shown that the classical herbal formulae can alleviate the cytokine storm, regulate the immune imbalance, and produce the potential effect of synergistic treatment for COVID-19 through multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.
Subject(s)
Humans , COVID-19 , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , SARS-CoV-2 , SyndromeABSTRACT
Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint and the determination method of three index components of the classical herbal formula substance benchmarks of Xiebai Powder. Methods: Fingerprint chromatographic conditions were as following: detection wavelength 254 nm/325 nm, column temperature 35 ℃; flow rate 0.8 mL/min; injection volume 25 μL; mobile phase consisting of 0.1% aqueous formic acid (A) and acetonitrile (B); binary gradient elution: 0-20 min, 5%-10% B; 20-33 min, 10%-15% B; 33-50 min, 15%-20% B; 50-95 min, 20%-58% B. Ten batches of substance benchmarks of Xiebai Powder fingerprints were collected and evaluated by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee "Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System 2012 Edition" software. Chromatographic conditions of content determination: detection wavelength 237 nm, column temperature 30 ℃; flow rate 1.0 mL/min; injection volume 5 μL; mobile phase consisting of 0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid (A) and acetonitrile (B) for binary gradient elution: 0-10 min, 5%-20% B; 10-18 min, 20%-60% B; 18-26 min, 60%-100% B; 26-38 min, 100% B; 38-41 min, 100%-5% B; 41-45 min, 5% B. Results: Based on the matching results, 55 common peaks were determined at a wavelength of 254 nm, and 57 common peaks were determined at a wavelength of 325 nm. Three substances, mulberroside A (S), liquiritin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate, were identified in the common peaks. After methodological research, its precision, stability and reproducibility were good. Ten batches of substance benchmarks of Xiebai Powder fingerprints were evaluated with reference fingerprints, and their similarities were greater than 0.9. The average recovery rates of mulberroside A (S), liquiritin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate were 97.82%, 97.40% and 105.81%, respectively. The RSD (n = 6) was 4.41%, 2.51% and 1.19%, respectively, which met the require of 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The three components had good linearity in the range of 25.25-2525 ng, 25-2 500 ng and 8.5-850 ng, respectively. The method had good precision, stability and repeatability. The contents of 10 batches of substance benchmarks of Xiebai was determined. The content of mulberry A was 11.6-35.5 mg/g, the content of liquiritin was 0.1-1.6 mg/g, and the content of glycyrrhizic acid was 0.3-2.5 mg/g. The range of the contents of these ingredients was large, which indicated that the quality of mulberry husks and licorice herbs from different places was quite different. Conclusion: The establishment of the HPLC fingerprint and the determination method of three index components of the classical herbal formula substance benchmarks of Xiebai Powder provided some bases for the study of the quality standard of substance benchmarks of Xiebai Powder.
ABSTRACT
As a large micro-ecosystem in the human body,the intestinal microbiota is closely associated with the occurrence of many diseases.The clinical investigations and animal experiments have showed that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) could maintain the balance of the intestinal micro-ecological system.This review summarized the research methods and literatures on the regulation effects of TCM,including different effective ingredients,extracts and Chinese herbal formulae,on intestinal microflora in recent five years,in order to provide a reference for the further research and development of TCM.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Intestines , Microbiology , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , ResearchABSTRACT
It has been well known that insomnia and sleep deprivation can lead to many metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabete mellitus (T2DM). Chinese medicine (CM) has been used to improve insomnia and showed many good therapeutic effects. Some Coptidis Rhizoma-contained traditional formulae have been found to exert obvious effects on insomnia, such as Jiaotai Pill (), Huanglian Ejiao Decoction (), Huanglian Wendan Decoction (), Niuhuang Qingxin Pill (), and Zhusha Anshen Pill (). Coptidis Rhizoma, a traditional herbal medicine which can purge Xin (Heart) fire, is the most important component of these formulas. Studies have found that these formulae could improve T2DM symptoms. We hypothesized that treating insomnia theoretically may help to prevent diabetes and organized many experimental studies in this review and concluded that Coptidis Rhizoma-contained traditional formulae for insomnia might be a potential to prevent diabetes.
ABSTRACT
As an outstanding representative of traditional Chinese medicine prescription, classical herbal formulae are the essence of traditional Chinese medicine great treasure. To support the development of classical herbal formulae, the state and relevant administrative departments have successively promulgated the relevant encouraged policies.But some key issues of classic herbal formulae in the development process have not reached a unified consensus and standard, and these problems were discussed in depth here.The authors discussed the registration requirements of classical herbal formulae, proposed the screening specific indicators of classical herbal formulae, determination basis of prescription and dosage,screening method of production process, and the basic principle of clinical localization, in order to bring out valuable opinions and provide a reference for classical herbal formulae development and policy formulation.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of the Bushen huoxue lishi category TCM compound in the treatment of chronic prostatitis,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from VIP Database,Wanfang Database,CJFD and CBM,randomized controlled trials(RCT)about Bushen huoxue lishi category TCM com-pound preparation (test group) versus conventional Western medicine (control group) in the treatment of chronic prostatitis were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by Rev Man 5.3 software after data extraction and quality evaluation. RESULTS:Totally 22 RCTs were enrolled,involving 1 863 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed the total effective rate [OR=4.46,95%CI(3.40, 5.84),P<0.001],total scores of chronic prostatitis symptoms[MD=-3.62,95%CI(-5.21,-2.04),P<0.001] and lecithin count [MD=7.58,95%CI(2.15,13.01),P=0.006] in test group were significantly higher than control group,prostatic fluid white blood cell count [MD=-1.68,95%CI(-3.26,-0.10),P=0.04] was significantly lower than control group,with significant differenc-es. CONCLUSIONS:Bushen huoxue lishi category TCM compound has good efficacy in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.
ABSTRACT
As one of exploratory data analysis method, the clustering analysis can provide technical support for objectivity and standardization ofTCM. This paper dealt with the application of the clustering analysis in the research of Chinese medcine, TCM pattern differentiation and the regularity of TCM herbal formulae. The clustering analysis showed great value on classifying imformation and finding out regularity from data, only if the characteristics of TCM data were considered.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the medication regularity of compound herbal formulae in treating patients with advanced non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Compound herbal formulae published on journals for the treatment of NSCLC were searched and collected from CBM, CNKI, and Wanfang Data for database establishment. Frequency analysis, cluster analysis, and association rule analysis were used for data mining, and regularity of main Chinese medicinal herbs and herbal pairs (combinations) were investigated. Results There were 107 compound herbal formulae (involving 193 Chinese medicinal herbs and 1298 frequency) for NSCLC. 42 Chinese medicinal herbs were used for more than 9 times. Cluster analysis on the tastes and properties of the 42 Chinese medicinal herbs found that, among the four qi, cold showed the highest frequency (409);among the five tastes, sweet showed the highest frequency (627);among the meridians, lung meridian showed the highest frequency (546). Cluster analysis divided main Chinese medicinal herbs into 9 types, including yin-nourishing herbs, heat-clearing herbs, qi-tonifying herbs, blood-enriching herbs, blood circulation activating herbs, hemostasis herbs, phlegm-reducing herbs, qi-descending herbs, lung-astringing herbs. Associate rule analysis obtained 26 rules for Chinese medicinal herbal pairs, 18 rules for Chinese medicinal herbal combination, most of which were combinations for tonifying qi, nourishing yin, and clearing heat. Conclusion Chinese compound herbal formulae for the treatment of NSCLC mainly use Chinese medicinal herbs with properties of cold and mildness, with the tastes of sweet and bitter, with meridians of lung, spleen, and stomach, with the treatment of tonifying qi, nourishing yin, and detoxication.
ABSTRACT
Based on formal concept analysis theory, formal context of formulae, herbs and their relationship was cre-ated in this article first. Then, the created formal context would be divided and optimized according to classification method in Shang Han Lun Lei Fang written by Xu Lingtai, such as Guizhi Tang category, Chaihu Tang category, Xiexin Tang category, and etc. Multilayer complex concept network was used in the description of the universality and particularity of things. The multilayer complex concept network figure of key-formula-classified formulae was completed on the subgroup structure and visualized express of formulae, herbs and their relationship in the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease. This is a new attempt of integrated information technology with diseases harmed by cold in traditional Chinese medicine. It will bring great benefit in relearning traditional classification methods and promoting inheritance and innovation of study on the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the regularities and rules of compound herbal formulae for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods Compound herbal formulae on NAFLD published in journals of CNKI (1979.1-2014.1), VIP (1989.1-2014.1) and CBMdisc (1979.1-2014.1) were analyzed with association rule, frequency analysis and cluster analysis.Results In 107 prescriptions, 179 herbs were involved, and frequency of usage of those herbs was 1499. A cluster analysis was used to analyze 37 herbs with high frequency (≥10) of usage, which were classified into 9 clusters including promoting circulation, clearing heat herb, diuretic herb, food stagnation herb, regulating qi herb, phlegm-resolving herb, qi tonics herb, yin-nourishing herb, qi-activating herb and purgating herb. 30 pairs of herbs and 33 rules for NAFLD were obtained by association rule analysis.Conclusion It was a point of view to understand the regularities and rules of Chinese herb prescription on NAFLD by data mining.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the regularity of compound herbal formulae for perimenopausal syndrome. Methods Compound herbal formulae published on journals for the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome was searched and collected. A database was established for data mining using frequency count, cluster analysis and association rule analysis. Regularity of key herbs and pair (group) of herbs was summarized. Results There were 49 prescriptions (totaling 100 herbs and 553 counts of frequency) in the compound herbal formulae for perimenopausal syndrome. The herbs which were used for more than 3 times included 57 herbs (totally 504 counts of frequency), and they were cluster analysed and classified into 8 clusters including drugs for invigoration, clearing heat, warming and nourishing, restoring vital energy, tranquilizing, calming the liver, soothing the liver, and promoting mentality. The rules in pair of herbs were 39, and rules in group of herbs were 17, by using association rule analysis. Conclusion It was feasible that study the regularity of Chinese compound prescription for the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome by using data mining.