Morphometry Of The Adult Human Dry Hip Bone In South Indian Population

Introduction: Sex determination of the unknown hip bone either of whole skeleton or any part of it, is always afield of research not only for anatomist but also for forensic expert, anthropologist and archaeologist. Hip bonewas considered as ideal bone for sex determination after skull. The morphometry of 100 dry human hip bones,in south Indian population was done in order to evaluate the various parameters of the hip bone. Body proportionsand absolute dimensions vary widely in respect to age, sex and racial groups.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy,YenepoyaMedical College,Yenepoya University, Mangalore. 100 hip bones of both sexes were used. The Osteometric parameters such asLength, Width, were measured using osteometric board, Weight electronic weighing machine. And Coxalindex ofhip bone, were used formula, Length of hip bone ÷ Width of hip bone ×100. The data were analyzed statisticallyusing SPSS software. In this study we included only healthy bones, deformed and eroded bones were excludedfrom the study.Results: The data obtained was statistically analyzed. Mean, Standard deviation and standard error of mean, tvalue and p- value, were determined for each parameter. Length of hip bone: (Mean for Female –18.31 cm, Male-20.29cm). Weight of hip bone: (Mean for Female –86.48gm, Male-121.72gm). Width of hip bone: (Mean forFemale-13.50cm, male-14.38cm.). Coxal index: (Mean for Female-73.73, male-70.87.)All parameters show statistically highly significant (P- value <0.0001). All values were compared with series ofother workers.Conclusion: In this study all the parameters were larger in males as compared to females and were found to bestatistically highly significant. Difference were present in gross morphometric parameters, hence thesemeasurements of the hip bone can be used for sex determination of unknown skeletons remains and in theforensic science for medico legal cases

Determination of sex from fragment of hip bone in Indian Bengali.

The present study was designed to derive a model for determination of sex from fragment of adult hip bone (distal ischio-pubic portion) in a population specific sample using Discriminant function analysis. The following discriminant function was obtained: DF = .76*SYL +1.60*SYW + 4.36. *DOF – 24.88 Overall 90.0 % of the cases could be correctly classified in to the two sexes from the three predictors [maximum vertical length of symphyseal surface (SYL), maximum width of symphyseal surface of pubis (SYW) and maximum diameter of the obturator foramen (DOF).] in the model. Cross-validated results showed correct classification in 86.7% cases. The results of this preliminary study show that these three variables contribute to discrimination between the two sexes in the study population. This investigation also reiterates that discriminant functions are population specific. Sexing of the adult human hipbone is thus possible with reasonable accuracy using the discriminant function on a sample obtained from the Indian Bengali population. This metric analysis can be used for fragmentary remains of hipbones of the population under study.

Determination of sex by sciatic notch/acetabular ratio (Kelley’s Index) in Indian Bengali skeletal remains.

Kelley used the sciatic notch is to acetabular ratio as the osteometric method to differentiate between male and female hipbones. The present study was designed to examine the applicability of this index (sciatic notch /acetabular height ratio) and the rule of thumb (of Kelley) in Indian Bengali skeletal remains. A preliminary attempt was made to derive a sectioning point and propose a new ―rule of thumb‖ approach for determining sex from skeletal remains. The study showed that bones with sciatic notch /acetabular height index equal or greater than .93 (or 93 when expressed as a percentage) was definitely female and those with values less than .93 were male. The results of applying this new rule on the present series of Indian Bengali hipbones indicate that 93.3 % of the total sample could be correctly classified in to the proper sex. Of those 92.8% of the males and 93.75% of the females were correctly classified by the new rule. The present new rule of thumb approach is a valid, effective, reliable, population specific and easy method to differentiate between male and female pelvis in Indian Bengali skeletal remains.