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Hematomas são comuns após cirurgias cosméticas. Quando pequenos, são conduzidos de maneira conservadora, pois, na maioria das vezes, são reabsorvidos. No entanto, mesmo pequenas coleções, quando não ativamente abordadas, podem resultar em maus resultados estéticos. A drenagem precoce tem sido especialmente descrita em revistas de Otorrinolaringologia e Radiologia. As autoras apresentam uma abordagem para o tratamento precoce de hematomas. Ênfase especial é dada ao uso da hialuronidase, bem conhecida pelos dermatologistas e cirurgiões plásticos por sua capacidade de dissolver o ácido hialurônico, mas sua utilidade no tratamento de hematomas não é amplamente difundida entre esses especialistas.
Hematomas are common following cosmetic surgery. When minor, they are treated with observation only as they are most often reabsorbed. However, even with small collections of blood, if no early intervention is adopted, poor aesthetic outcomes may occur. Early drainage has been especially described in otorhinolaryngology and radiology journals. The authors present an approach to early treating hematomas. Special emphasis is given to the use of hyaluronidase, which is well known by dermatologists and plastic surgeons for its ability to dissolve hyaluronic acid, but its utility in the treatment of hematomas is not so commonly known by these experts.
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Hyaluronidase is a type of glycosidase that can specifically degrade hyaluronic acid (HA). There are mainly 6 types, among which hyaluronidase-1 ( HYAL-1) and hyaluronidase-2 ( HYAL-2) has a more in-depth study and has different roles in different tumors. HYAL-1 and HYAL-2 have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of malignant tumors, especially in common malignant tumors such as colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer. Compared with traditional biomarkers, they have higher specificity and sensitivity. Other studies have shown that Hyaluronidase can assist chemotherapy drugs to enhance the efficacy of drugs. hyaluronidase plays both a role in promoting cancer and a role in suppressing cancer in malignant tumors. This article reviews the mechanism of Hyaluronidase in malignant tumors, which is expected to provide a new method for early diagnosis, early treatment and prognosis of malignant tumors.
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Introdução: Ao longo das últimas duas décadas, houve um avanço exponencial no tratamento dos sinais causados pelo envelhecimento facial. A procura crescente por terapias menos invasivas estimulou a evolução dos biomateriais em direção ao produto ideal, buscando preencher os critérios de segurança, tais como biocompatibilidade e reversibilidade. O ácido hialurônico é o produto mais utilizado mundialmente para preenchimento facial, sendo rotineiro nos consultórios de cirurgia plástica. Mesmo com baixos índices de complicações, é prudente que o cirurgião plástico esteja atento aos sinais de oclusão vascular, pois a interrupção da evolução em direção à necrose e sequela permanente depende da rápida atuação médica. Sendo assim, o nosso serviço vislumbrou a necessidade da confecção de um protocolo de prevenção e tratamento, uma vez que tais intercorrências são graves e algumas vezes até mesmo irreversíveis. Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura entre janeiro de 2003 a janeiro de 2018, utilizando descritores de complicações vasculares após preenchimento facial com AH e o respectivo tratamento. Resultados: O preenchimento com AH apresenta baixo potencial de complicação quando realizado por profissionais habilitados. A hialuronidase, atualmente utilizada off-label, é capaz de hidrolisar o ácido hialurônico, mesmo na sua forma cross-linked. Se utilizada corretamente em tempo hábil, pode tratar possíveis complicações vasculares que naturalmente evoluiriam para danos irreversíveis. Para tanto, confeccionamos um protocolo de tratamento à luz das evidências atuais. Conclusão: Todo cirurgião plástico que atua com preenchimentos e ácido hialurônico, deve ter em mãos um protocolo e o material necessário para intervenção precoce.
Introduction: Over the past two decades, there has been an exponential advancement in treating signs of facial aging. The growing demand for less invasive therapies has stimulated the development of biomaterials toward better products, seeking to fulfill safety criteria, such as biocompatibility and reversibility. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is the most widely used facial filler worldwide, being routine in plastic surgery clinics. Even with low complication rates, it is prudent for the plastic surgeon to be attentive to the signs of vascular occlusion because the interruption of the progression towards necrosis and permanent sequelae depends on rapid medical action. Thus, our service saw the need to create a prevention and treatment protocol, since such complications are serious and sometimes even irreversible. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted from January 2003 to January 2018, using descriptors of vascular complications after facial filling with HA and its treatment. Results: Filling with HA presents a low potential for complications when performed by qualified professionals. Hyaluronidase, which is currently used offlabel, can hydrolyze HA, even in its cross-linked form. If used correctly in a timely manner, it can treat possible vascular complications that would progress to irreversible damage. Accordingly, we prepared a treatment protocol given the current evidence. Conclusion: Every plastic surgeon who works with fillers and HA must have a protocol and be aware of the necessary material for early intervention.
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Introduction: Despite the enhancing effects of hyaluronidase (HYAL) over duration of anesthesia, this enzyme could cause adverse effects when injected concomitantly with local anesthetics in dental blocks. Objective: This study aimed to assess the tissue alterations caused by a local anesthetic protocol consisting of a late HYAL injection and confirm its functional effectiveness. Materials and Methods: The protocol efficacy was proved by evaluating sensory and motor functions in rats. The sciatic nerve was blocked with 2% lidocaine (LID) with epinephrine (n = 25). Thirty minutes later, 75 TRU/ml HYAL was injected into the same site (experimental group, LID/HYAL). One week later, this protocol was repeated in the contralateral hindlimb, injecting only HYAL's vehicle (control group, LID/vehicle [LID/V]). To observe the integrity of the local tissues, histological specimens were obtained 1, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment with LID/HYAL or LID/V (n = 16 each) and stained with hematoxylin/eosin and picrosirius red. Results: Local inflammation was similar in both groups. The integrity of the nerve fibers was preserved, in spite of some inflammation-associated injuries in the surrounding tissues. The reversible tissue disorganization caused by HYAL, probably facilitated the diffusion of the residual anesthetic to the nerve, resulting in a prolonged anesthetic effect (P < 0.05). Conclusions: No irreversible morphological alterations are caused by the administration of HYAL prior the end of the LID-induced block. Moreover, this protocol prolongs LID's anesthetic effect.
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Objective To explore the clinical value of serological indicators in diagnosis of patients with different degree of liver cirrhosis.Methods 50 patients with liver cirrhosis and 50 patients with decompensate cirrhosis were selected.The control group had 50 patients.The serological indicators were statistically analyzed.Results TBIL and ALT in the decompensated liver cirrhosis group were (69.5 ± 7.0) μmol/L,(143.1 ± 14.2) U/L,which were higher than those of compensated liver cirrhosis group (44.6 ± 5.8) μmol/L,(77.4 ± 8.6) U/L (P ＜ 0.05),and those two groups were higher than the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Alb and ChE of decompensated liver cirrhosis group were (28.2 ± 3.7) g/L and (2024.39 ± 211.40) U/L,which were lower than those of the control group (36.1 ±3.7) g/L,(6169.36 ± 607.42) U/L and the compensated cirrhosis group [(34.7 ± 4.3) g/L,(3571.27 ± 310.01)U/L] (P ＜0.05).ChE of compensated cirrhosis group was lower than the control group (P ＜0.05).PA and ADA of decompensated and compensated liver cirrhosis group were (0.14 ±0.04)mg/L,(16.17 ± 1.94)U/L and (0.21 ±0.05) mg/L,(34.20 ± 3.29) U/L,the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).A/G of decompensated and compensated liver cirrhosis group were (0.64 ± 0.29) and (1.06 ± 0.30),which were lower than the control group (1.51 ± 0.21) (P ＜ 0.05),and that of the decompensated cirrhosis group was lower than that of the compensated cirrhosis group(P ＜0.05).Ⅳ-C and LN of decompensated cirrhosis group were (97.4 ±9.8) μg/L and (205.7 ±20.1) μg/L,which were higher than those of compensated liver cirrhosis group (68.7 ± 7.5) μg/L and (124.1 ±11.8) μg/L and the control group(52.3 ±6.1) μg/L and (83.8 ±7.6) μg/L(P ＜0.05).And those of the compensated cirrhosis group were higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).HA and PC Ⅲ of decompensated cirrhosis group were (211.3 ± 16.4) μg/L and (168.1 ± 16.2) μg/L,which were higher than the control group (51.2 ±5.3) μg/Land (79.1 ± 8.0) μg/L (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The serological indicators had the important reference value for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cirrhosis.
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Venoms represent a huge and essentially unexplored reservoir of bioactive components that may cure diseases that do not respond to currently available therapies. This review select advances reported in the literature from 2000 to the present about the new scenario of Hymenoptera venom composition. On account of new technologies in the proteomic approach, which presents high resolution and sensitivity, the combination of developments in new instruments, fragmentation methods, strategic analysis, and mass spectrometry have become indispensable tools for interrogation of protein expression, molecule interaction, and post- translational modifications. Thus, the biochemical characterization of Hymenoptera venom has become a major subject of research in the area of allergy and immunology, in which proteomics has been an excellent alternative to assist the development of more specific extracts for diagnosis and treatment of hypersensitive patients to Hymenoptera venoms.
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Animals , Bee Venoms , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Hymenoptera , Hypersensitivity , Proteomics , Wasp VenomsABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of medicine-induced posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) on proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).Methods.PVR was induced in the left eyes of 24 pigmented rabbits by intravitreal injection with platelet rich plasma.The rabbits were randomly divided into two experimental groups (group A and B) and one control group with 8 eyes in each group.Three hours later,the eyes in group A and B and the control group underwent intravireal injection with 1 U plasmin 0.05 ml+ 20 U hyaluronidase 0.05 ml,plasmin 0.1 ml,and balance salt solution 0.1 ml,respectively.The grade of PVR was recorded 1,7,and 28 days after the intravitreal injection,and the eyes were examined by flash electroretinogram (FERG),B-scan,and retinal histopathological examination.Results The PVR models of rabbit eyes were induced successfully.On the 7th day after injection,complete and partial PVD was found in 5 and 3 eyes respectively in group A;partial PVD in 5 eyes and no complete PVD was observed in group B;there was no PVD in the other 3 eyes in group B and also in the eyes in the control group.On the 28th day after intravitreal injection,PVR grade of group A and B were both obviously lower than that of the control group(D= 75.6,98.9;P = 0.003,P = 0.011) ;On the 7th and 28th day after injection,the b-wave amplitude in group A and B was significantly higher than that in the control group;PVR grade of the PVD eyes was lower than that of non-PVD eyes;PVR grade of the complete PVD eyes was only 0 ～ 1.Conclusions Three hours after the PVR models of rabbit eyes were induced,complete PVD induced by intravitreal injection of plasmin combined with hyaluronidase could prevent the development of PVR of rabbit eyes in some degree;partial PVD induced by plasmin alone or combined with hyaluronidase could relieve the development of PVR.
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Objective To construct a recombinant expressing plasmid of the hy1 gene of Enterococcus faecium and to express the recombinant Hy1 protein in E.coil.To explore the immune response in mice fed orally with Hyl protein.Methods hy1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector pQE-30.The recomhinant plasmids were transfected into DH5_?to express Hy1 fusion proteins,which were purified by Ni~--column. Western blot was employed to confirm the immunogenicity of the purified protein.Mice were immu- nized by feeding with the fusion protein.The concentrations of antigen-specific antibody in the serum, mucosal fluid and faces were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The role of these antibodies in the anti-infection response was evaluated after the mice were challenged with TX0016.Results hy1 gene was sequenced as 1662 bp,the fusion protein encoding polypeptides of 553 amino acid residues.The relative molecular weight was 60 000 when it was determined by sodium dodecylsulfatepo-lyacry-lamide gel electropboresis(SDS-PAGE).The dissolvable expression protein accounted for 38% of total cell protein.After processed by affinity chromatography,the purity of fusion protein was above 92%.Western blot analysis confirmed that fusion protein could be specifically recognized by the anti-TX0016 serum.The concentrations of serum IgA,serum IgG,faeces sIgA and intestmucosal fluid sIgA was 0.365?0.048,0.431?0.064,0.743?0.056 and 1.112?0.113 respectively in hy1 groups and 0.051?0.013,0.098?0.019,0.102?0.032 and 0.187?0.051 respectively in control group.The differences were statistically significant.The mice survival rate after TX0016 challenge was 70% in hyl group and 50% in control group.There was significant difference between these two groups.Conclusion The results indicate that oral immunization with hyl can induce effective mueosal immune response and produce high level sIgA.
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Objective Human sperm hyaluronidase in the acrosome is a key enzyme during fertilization.To study and establish a modified substrate film method to improve the diagnotic and treatment of male infertility and investigate the influence of sperm hyaluronidase on male fertility.Methods According to the biochemical feature of sperm hyaluronidase that can dissolve the hyaluronic acid in matrixes,the modified sodium hyaluronate-Gelatin membrane was used as substrate to demonstrate the sperm hyaluronidase activity by incubation and staining.70 human semen samples were selected,categorized and detected for hyaluronidase activity according to the resuh of routine clinical semen examination.The average sperm hyaluronidase activity was statistically anyliezed between the fertile group and infertile group.Results Under general light microscope,the clear and bright digestion circle around the sperm head can be observed against the background of deep purple-blue stained substrate at the positive-reaction area.The amounts of positive reaction and the diameter of the bright circle are positively related to the activity of sperm hyaluronidase.The average hyaluronidase reaction rate and diameter of normal fertile group were 70.84% and 78.17 ?m;What about the infertile group A were 60.02% and 76.92 ?m;The infertile group B were 29.11% and 8.22 ?m; There was statistical difference of HYD activity between the infertile group.B and the fertile group(P
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Objective To study the effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on HYAL1 gene mRNA expression and the invasive potential of human breast cancer cell lines. Methods Chemically synthesized double stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting HYAL1 was transfected into human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB453S, ZR-75 and ZR-75-30 using SiPORT Lipid. The transfection efficiency was observed under fluorescence confocal microscopy. Expression of HYAL1 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cell penetrate matrigel capacity were determined by in vitro experiment. Results HYAL1 -siRNA effectively inhibited HYAL1 mRNA expression ( P