Actividad antioxidante y quelante de sistemas hidrocoloides mixtos formados por hidrolizados proteicos de Phaseolus vulgaris endurecido y goma modificada de flamboyán (Delonix regia) / Antioxidant and metal-chelating activities of mixed hydrocolloid systems formed by hard-to-cook Phaseolus vulgaris protein hydrolysates and flamboyant (Delonix regia) modified gum

Las proteínas y polisacáridos con frecuencia son utilizados simultáneamente en la industria de alimentos. Las interacciones entre ambos biopolímeros juegan un papel importante en la estructura y estabilidad de muchos alimentos procesados ya que pueden resultar en un sistema con propiedades bioactivas diferentes como ocurre en el caso de las funcionales. Objetivo. Evaluar los cambios en la capacidad antioxidante de un sistema hidrocoloide mixto formado por un hidrolizado enzimático proteico de frijol endurecido (P. vulgaris) y goma modificada de flamboyán (Delonix regia) (SHM). Materiales y métodos. El estudio se hizo entre febrero-octubre, 2014, en Mérida, México. Se modificó enzimáticamente el concentrado proteico de P. vulgaris con Pepsina-Pancreatina® y la goma extraída del flamboyán mediante carboximetilación, preparando dispersiones al 1% de cada uno de los biopolímeros, determinado la fluorescencia intrínseca de Trp (FIT) como indicador de la interacción entre ambos biopolímeros y la actividad antioxidante y quelante del sistema resultante. Resultados. Se obtuvo un hidrolizado proteico extensivo con 28,8% de grado de hidrólisis y una goma de flamboyán con grado de sustitución de 0,91. La mayor interacción entre ambos biopolímeros, se obtuvo empleando una relación 5:1 del SHM a pH 4 de acuerdo con el valor de FIT. Conclusiones. Los sistemas hidrocoloides mixtos preparados con hidrolizado extensivo de las proteínas Phaseolus vulgaris y goma modificada de flamboyán presentaron un incremento en la actividad antioxidante, respecto del hidrolizado dependiendo del mecanismo de oxidación, así como de las condiciones de pH en que se encuentra el sistema y la interacción entre ambos componentes(AU)

Proteins and polysaccharides are frequently used simultaneously in the food industry. The interactions between both biopolymers play an important role in the structure and stability of many processed foods since they can result in a system with different bioactive properties as in the case of functional ones. Objective. Evaluate the changes in the antioxidant capacity of mixed hydrocolloid system formed by a hard to cook bean (P. vulgaris) protein enzymatic hydrolyzate and modified flamboyant gum (Delonix regia) (SHM). Materials and methods. The study was conducted from February to October 2014 in Merida, Mexico. For this, the protein concentrate of P. vulgaris was treated with Pepsin-Pancreatin® and the gum extracted from the flamboyant were modified enzymatically by carboxymethylation, preparing 1% dispersions of each of the biopolymers, determining the intrinsic Trp fluorescence (FIT) as an indicator of the interaction between both biopolymers and the antioxidant and chelating activity of the resulting system. Results. The main results indicated that an extensive protein hydrolyzate with 28.8% degree of hydrolysis and a flamboyant gum with a substitution degree of 0.91 were obtained. The greatest interaction between both biopolymers was obtained using a 5:1 ratio of SHM to pH 4 according to the FIT value. Conclusions. The mixed hydrocolloid systems prepared with extensive hydrolyzate of the hard to cook P. vulgaris and modified flamboyant gum proteins showed an increase in antioxidant activity, compared to the hydrolyzate depending on the oxidation mechanism, as well as the pH conditions used and interaction between both component(AU)

Identification and activity evaluation of Astragalus Radix from different germplasm resources based on specific oligosaccharide fragments / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Based on trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) hydrolysis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis, the carbohydrate responsible for immunomodulatory activity are used as quality indicators for Astragalus Radix (AR). Methods: In this study, 24 batches of AR from different germplasm resources were selected as the research object, and AR polysaccharides were extracted. PAGE and HPTLC methods were used to analyze the partial acid hydrolyzate of AR polysaccharides and obtain a series of saccharide fingerprints. The data were analyzed by principal component analysis to obtain the difference between AR from different germplasm resources. Results: The results showed that trisaccharide and tetrasaccharide could be used as differential fragments to distinguish AR of different cultivation methods; Disaccharides and trisaccharides can be used as differential fragments to distinguish different species of AR. The immunological activity analysis of the specific oligosaccharide fragment of AR showed that the specific oligosaccharide fragment of AR could promote the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NO in THP-1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: Both PAGE and HPTLC methods can be used to evaluate AR from different germplasm resources. This study laid the foundation for the quality evaluation of AR medicinal herbs.

Bioprodução de pediocina por Pediococcus pentosaceus ET34 em resíduo agroindustrial hidrolisado bagaço de cana-de-açúcar / Bioproduction of Pediocin by Pediococcus pentosaceus ET34 in hydrolyzed sugar cane bagasse agroindustrial residue

Um dos grandes desafios nas indústrias alimentícia, farmacêutica e agropecuária é a busca por novos compostos para substituir os antibióticos. Como possíveis candidatos estão as bacteriocinas para serem utilizados paralelamente aos antibióticos ou até substituí-los. As bactérias ácido-láticas podem produzir substâncias inibitórias semelhantes às bacteriocinas (BLIS - bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances) que possuem efeito bacteriostático ou bactericida contra diferentes grupos de bactéria sendo largamente utilizadas como bioconservantes alimentares. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o emprego de um resíduo agroindustrial, o hidrolisado de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, como fonte de carbono em cultivos fermentativos para produção do BLIS pela cepa Pediococcus pentosaceus ET 34. Resultados revelaram que as células de ET34 foram capazes de crescer utilizando este resíduo agroindustrial como fonte de carbono e ensaios utilizando planejamento fatorial demonstraram que a agitação não influencia na produção de BLIS. Ao escalonar o cultivo em biorreatores, foi verificado que tanto o crescimento como a atividade antimicrobiana foram semelhantes aos obtidos em bancada com exceção da condição de 25% (v/v) de HBC (hidrolisado de bagaço de cana) que devido a maior viscosidade do meio, resultou em uma diminuição no crescimento e de produção de BLIS. O BLIS produzido por células de ET34 utilizando o HBC como fonte de carbono foi parcialmente purificado por sulfato de amônio e demonstrou atividade contra Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 934 e Salmonella enterica CECT 724. Desta maneira, pode-se concluir que Pediococcus pentosaceus ET34 foi capaz de crescer em meio contendo HBC como fonte de carbono produzindo BLIS em seu sobrenadante com ação frente a diferentes bactérias patogênicas. A possibilidade de utilizar uma fonte alternativa de carbono pode diminuir o custo de processo consideravelmente. Além disso, ensaios de planejamento fatorial, superfície de resposta e escalonamento em biorreator de bancada indicaram que concentrações baixas de HBC (5-15%, v/v) a 35 °C resultaram na maior produção de BLIS

The great challenge in the food, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries is the search for new compounds to replace antibiotics. Bacteriocins are possible candidates that can be used in parallel with the antibiotics or even to replace them. Lactic-acid bacteria can produce bacteriocin inhibitory substances (BLIS - bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances) that have a bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect against different bacterial species and are widely used as food bioconservatives. In this context, the aim of this work was to use of an agroindustrial waste, hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse, as a carbon source in fermentative cultures for the production of BLIS by Pediococcus pentosaceus ET 34 strain. Results revealed that ET34 cells were able to grow using this agroindustrial residue as a carbon source, and trials using factorial design showed that agitation did not influence on the production of BLIS. When it was perform cultivation scale up in bioreactors, it was verified that both the growth and the antimicrobial activity were similar to those obtained in the workbench with the exception of the condition of 25% (v/v) of HBC (sugarcane bagasse hydrolyzate) that due to its higher viscosity, resulted in a decrease in growth and BLIS production. BLIS produced by ET34 cells using HBC as a carbon source that was partially purified by ammonium sulfate showed activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 934 and Salmonella enterica CECT 724. Thus, it can be concluded that Pediococcus pentosaceus ET34 was able to grow in medium containing HBC as carbon source producing BLIS in its supernatant with action against different pathogenic bacteria. The possibility of using an alternative carbon source can greatly reduce the process cost. In addition, factorial design, response surface and scale up trials in bench bioreactors indicated that low concentrations of HBC (5-15% v/v) at 35 ºC resulted in higher BLIS production

Repair effect of brain protein hydrolysate on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells and optimization of formulation of its stomach floating tablets / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To detect the repair effect of brain protein hydrolyzate(BPH)on the oxidative damage induced by H2O2in the PC12 cells,and to optimize the prescription of BPH stomach floating tablets using the star design effect surface method.Methods:The PC12 cells in the logarithmic phase were divided into normal control group,model group(300 μmol·L-1H2O2),BPH group,artificial gastric juice-treated BPH(GBPH)group, artificial intestinal juice-treated BPH(IBPH)group,artificial gastric juice-treated BPH tablets(GBPH-T)group and artificial gastric juice-treated BPH floating tablets(GBPH-FT)group(The latter five groups were added with 20,40,60,80 and 100 mg·L-1BPH treated with different conditions);at the same time blank control group was set up.The PC12 cells in normal control group didn't receive any treatment,the blank control group was added with medium only,and the PC12 cells in model group were treated with H2O2(300 μmol·L-1)for 3 h. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay.Using Design-expert 8.0.6 Trial software,the dosages of HPMC-K4M,octadecanol and acrylic resin Ⅱ were used as the investigation factors,and the 8 h cumulative release in vitro was used as the evaluation index to optimize the prescription.Results:Compared with normal control group, the activity of PCl2cells in 60 mg·L-1BPH group was increased(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the vitalities of PC12 cells in BPH group,IBPH group,GBPH group and GBPH-FT group were increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with BPH group,the cell viability in IBPH group was decreased significantly (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in GBPH group(P>0.05).Compared with GBPH-T group, the cell viability in GBPH-FT group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The optimal prescription was BPH 20 mg,lactose 10 mg,magnesium stearate 0.4 mg,microcrystalline cellulose 20 mg,HPMC-K4M 27 mg, octadecanol 63 mg,acrylic resinⅡ13 mg;all floating tablets drift in 5 s and sustained floating > 8 h;the difference of the measured value of 8 h cumulative release and the predicted value was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion:BPH has a significant repair effect on the H2O2-induced oxidative damage in the PC12 cells.Star design-effect surface method has good predictability and reproducibility;it is reasonable and feasible, and can be used to optimize the prescription of BPH stomach floating tablets.

Repair effect of brain protein hydrolysate on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in PC12 clls and optimization of formulation of its stomach floating tablets / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To detect the repair effect of brain protein hydrolyzate (BPH) on the oxidative damage induced by H2O2 in the PC12 cells, and to optimize the prescription of BPH stomach floating tablets using the star design effect surface method Methods: The PC12 cells in the logarithmic phase were divided into normal control group, model group 300 μmol · L-1 H2O2), BPH group, artificial gastric juice-treated BPH (GBPH) group, artificial intestinal juice-treated BPH (IBPH) group, artificial gastric juice-treated BPH tablets (GBPH-T) group and artificial gastric juice-treated BPH floating tablets (GBPH-FT) group (The latter five groups were added with 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg · L-1 BPH treated with different conditions); at the same time blank control group was set up. The PC12 cells in normal control group didn't receive any treatment, the blank control group was added with medium only, and the PC12 cells in model group were treated with H2O2 300 μmol · L-1) for 3 h. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Using Design-expert 8.0.6 Trial software, the dosages of HPMC-K4M, octadecanol and acrylic resin E were used as the investigation factors, and the 8 h cumulative release in vitro was used as the evaluation index to optimize the prescription. Results: Compared with normal control group, the activity of PC12 cells in 60 mg · L-1 BPH group was increased (P0.05). Compared with GBPH-T group, the cell viability in GBPH-FT group was significantly increased (P 8 h; the difference of the measured value of 8 h cumulative release and the predicted value was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: BPH has a significant repair effect on the H2O2-induced oxidative damage in the PC12 cells. Star design-effect surface method has good predictability and reproducibility; it is reasonable and feasible, and can be used to optimize the prescription of BPH stomach floating tablets.

Evaluación de levaduras nativas productoras de etanol presentes en el bagazo de caña de azúcar / Evaluation of producing ethanol native yeasts present in sugar cane bagasse

RESUMEN La hidrólisis química o enzimática del bagazo de caña de azúcar permite la obtención de azúcares fermentables, utilizados en la producción biotecnológica de etanol, mediante el empleo de levaduras comerciales o autóctonas obtenidas de diferentes materiales lignocelulósicos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar la capacidad de producción de e tanol de cepas de levaduras nativas, aisladas en medio YPD e hidrolizado de bagazo de caña de azúcar, concentrado hasta un 75 %. Utilizando como variables de estudio el tipo de cepa y el tiempo de proceso, se realizó un análisis multifactorial (ANOVA) para su evaluación. Los resultados obtenidos con la cepa seleccionada UAT-3, fueron para Yp/s de 0.441 7 g/g y QP de 0.076 7 g/L-h a las 120 h. Las condiciones de proceso utilizadas en el presente estudio permitieron aislar y seleccionar cepas nativas de Sacharomyces cereviseae, con características adecuadas para ser utilizadas en procesos biotecnológicos industriales de producción de etanol, utilizando como sustrato residuos o subproductos derivados de la in dustria azucarera como el bagazo de caña de azúcar.

ABSTRACT The chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse, allows the obtaining of fermentable sugars used in the biotechnological production of ethanol by using commercial or native yeasts obtained from different lignocellulosic materials. The purpose of this study was to assess the production capacity of ethanol from a native yeast strain isolated in YPD and hydrolyzed sugar cane bagasse concentrated up to 75 %. Using as study variables the type of strain and processing time, a multivariate analysis (ANOVA) was performed for its evaluation. The results achieved with the selected strain UAT-3, were 0.441 7 g/g for Yp/s and 0.076 7 g/L-h to 120 h for QP. The process conditions used in the present study allowed to isolate and select native strains of Sacharomyces cereviseae, with characteristics suitable to be used in industrial biotechnological proceses of ethanol production, using as substrate residues or by-products derived from the sugar industry such as bagasse of sugar.

Biomass accumulation of Panax vietnamensis in cell suspension cultures varies with addition of plant growth regulators and organic additives

Objective To evaluate the impact of plant growth regulators including kinetin (KN), benzyl adenine and naphthalene acetic acid, yeast extract and casein hydrolyzate on biomass accumulation of Vietnamese ginseng Panax vietnamensis (P. vietnamensis) in cell suspension culture. Methods Cell suspension cultures were established from friable calluses derived from leaves and petioles of 3-year-old in-vitro P. vietnamensis plants. The cell suspension cultures were grown in Murashige and Skoog basal media supplemented with various concentrations of KN, benzyl adenine, naphthalene acetic acid, and yeast extract and casein hydrolyzate. Results All tested factors generated an increase in the cell biomass of P. vietnamensis in suspension culture, but the impact of each varies depended on the factor type, concentration, and incubation period. Addition of 2.0 mg/L KN resulted in the largest biomass increase after 24 d, (57.0 ± 0.9) and (3.1 ± 0.1) mg/mL fresh and dry weight, respectively, whereas addition of benzyl adenine or naphthalene acetic acid produced optimum levels of Panax cell biomass at 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L, respectively. Addition of the elicitor yeast extract led to a 1.4–2.4 fold increase in biomass of P. vietnamensis, while addition of casein hydrolyzate enhanced biomass accumulation 1.8–2.6 fold. Conclusions The addition of each factor causes significant changes in biomass accumulation of P. vietnamensis. The largest biomass accumulation is from cultures grown in MS media containing 2.0 mg/L KN for 24 d. The outcome of the present study provides new insights into the optimal suspension culture conditions for studies on the in vitro cell biomass production of P. vietnamensis.

Biomass accumulation of Panax vietnamensis in cell suspension cultures varies with addition of plant growth regulators and organic additives

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the impact of plant growth regulators including kinetin (KN), benzyl adenine and naphthalene acetic acid, yeast extract and casein hydrolyzate on biomass accumulation of Vietnamese ginseng Panax vietnamensis (P. vietnamensis) in cell suspension culture.@*METHODS@#Cell suspension cultures were established from friable calluses derived from leaves and petioles of 3-year-old in-vitro P. vietnamensis plants. The cell suspension cultures were grown in Murashige and Skoog basal media supplemented with various concentrations of KN, benzyl adenine, naphthalene acetic acid, and yeast extract and casein hydrolyzate.@*RESULTS@#All tested factors generated an increase in the cell biomass of P. vietnamensis in suspension culture, but the impact of each varies depended on the factor type, concentration, and incubation period. Addition of 2.0 mg/L KN resulted in the largest biomass increase after 24 d, (57.0 ± 0.9) and (3.1 ± 0.1) mg/mL fresh and dry weight, respectively, whereas addition of benzyl adenine or naphthalene acetic acid produced optimum levels of Panax cell biomass at 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L, respectively. Addition of the elicitor yeast extract led to a 1.4-2.4 fold increase in biomass of P. vietnamensis, while addition of casein hydrolyzate enhanced biomass accumulation 1.8-2.6 fold.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The addition of each factor causes significant changes in biomass accumulation of P. vietnamensis. The largest biomass accumulation is from cultures grown in MS media containing 2.0 mg/L KN for 24 d. The outcome of the present study provides new insights into the optimal suspension culture conditions for studies on the in vitro cell biomass production of P. vietnamensis.

Sugarcane straw as a feedstock for xylitol production by Candida guilliermondii FTI 20037

Abstract Sugarcane straw has become an available lignocellulosic biomass since the progressive introduction of the non-burning harvest in Brazil. Besides keeping this biomass in the field, it can be used as a feedstock in thermochemical or biochemical conversion processes. This makes feasible its incorporation in a biorefinery, whose economic profitability could be supported by integrated production of low-value biofuels and high-value chemicals, e.g., xylitol, which has important industrial and clinical applications. Herein, biotechnological production of xylitol is presented as a possible route for the valorization of sugarcane straw and its incorporation in a biorefinery. Nutritional supplementation of the sugarcane straw hemicellulosic hydrolyzate as a function of initial oxygen availability was studied in batch fermentation of Candida guilliermondii FTI 20037. The nutritional supplementation conditions evaluated were: no supplementation; supplementation with (NH4)2SO4, and full supplementation with (NH4)2SO4, rice bran extract and CaCl2·2H2O. Experiments were performed at pH 5.5, 30 °C, 200 rpm, for 48 h in 125 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing either 25 or 50 mL of medium in order to vary initial oxygen availability. Without supplementation, complete consumption of glucose and partial consumption of xylose were observed. In this condition the maximum xylitol yield (0.67 g g-1) was obtained under reduced initial oxygen availability. Nutritional supplementation increased xylose consumption and xylitol production by up to 200% and 240%, respectively. The maximum xylitol volumetric productivity (0.34 g L-1 h-1) was reached at full supplementation and increased initial oxygen availability. The results demonstrated a combined effect of nutritional supplementation and initial oxygen availability on xylitol production from sugarcane straw hemicellulosic hydrolyzate.

Preparation and properties of thermosensitive in situ gel for ophthalmic formulation containing pearl hydrolyzate / 药学学报

The study was designed to generate an ophthalmic thermosensitive in situ gel with improved mechanical and mucoadhesive properties that may prolong the retention time to enhance the bioavalability of pearl hydrolyzate. The gene was comprised of poloxamer 407, poloxamer188 and Carbopol 934, which were optimized by central composite design and response surface methodology. The rheological properties, transcorneal permeability, retention time and in vitro release behaviors of the optimal gel formulation were investigated. The gel was Newtonian liquid at 25℃ and performed as a semisolid gel with non-Newtonian liquid property with a gelation time of 13 s at 35℃. Compared with a conventional eye drops, the ophthalmic in situ gel exhibited a sevenfold increase in retention with a sustained release behavior, which was observed with suitable permeability coefficient at 5.58 cm·s-1. In conclusion, the new gel of pearl hydrolyzate prolonged the release duration of drug, which may decrease the frequency of administration of pearl hydrolyzate. kilometers with ecological similarity between 20% and 40%, mainly in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Fujian and Chongqing. The climate factors mainly affecting the distribution of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen were precipitation of warmest quarter, SD of temperature seasonality, altitude, isothermality, coefficient of variation of precipitation seasonality, mean temperature of monthly, precipitation of driest month, reference bulk density of soil and soil texture.

Isolation, taxonomic identification and investigation of the biotechnological potential of wild-type Meyerozyma guilliermondii associated with amazonian termites able to ferment D-xylose / Isolamento, identificação taxonômica e investigação do potencial biotecnológico de linhagem selvagem de Meyerozyma guilliermondii fermentadora de d-xilose associada a cupins da Amazônia

A wild-type yeast that could ferment D-xylose was isolated from the abdominal content of Nasutitermes sp. collected in the Central Amazon rainforest using sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolyzate (SBHH) as selective medium. The yeast was identified as Meyerozyma guilliermondii. Its ability to ferment D-xylose was assessed using liquid medium containing Durham tubes. A fermentometer assay showed a low ethanol yield using D-xylose as the carbon source. Cell viability after heat shock and ethanol shock was 39.8% and 56.0%, respectively. Cultivation in SBHH (pH = 5.0) showed its capability to perform saccharification of this substrate, increasing total reducing sugar concentration to 42.6%. The log phase was observed between 36 and 108 hours of cultivation with a highest specific growth rate (µMAX) of 0.10 h-1. After 120 hours, 79.5% of total reducing sugar was consumed giving a biomass yield of 0.52 g/g. The final pH of SBHH (7.6) showed that M. guilliermondii was able to neutralize the acids of this substrate. These results agree with some predictions in the early eighties, which stated that investigations about microbial content of termite guts would provide new tools for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuels and other added-value chemicals. This work is the first report for this species associated with termites in the Amazonian habitat.

Uma levedura selvagem fermentadora de D-xilose foi isolada do conteúdo abdominal de Nasutitermes sp., coletado na Amazônia Central usando Hidrolisado Hemicelulósico de Bagaço de Cana-de-açúcar (HHCA) como meio seletivo. A levedura foi identificada como Meyerozyma guilliermondii. Sua capacidade de fermentar D-xilose foi avaliada usando meio líquido contendo tubos de Durham. O isolado demonstrou moderada tolerância ao calor e ao etanol, com viabilidade celular de 39,8% e 56,0%, respectivamente, após submetida a estes fatores limitantes. O ensaio em fermentômetro demonstrou baixo rendimento de etanol usando D-xilose como fonte de carbono. O cultivo em HHCA (pH = 5,0) demonstrou sua capacidade de executar sacarificação e neutralização deste substrato, com aumento da concentração de açúcar redutor total em 42,6% e elevação do pH para 7,6. A fase log foi observada entre 36 e 108 horas de cultivo, com máxima taxa de crescimento específico (µMAX) de 0,10 h-1. Depois de 120 horas, 79,5% do açúcar redutor total foi consumido, com rendimento de biomassa de 0,52 g/g. Estes resultados endossam as predições de alguns autores, os quais propuseram, no início dos anos 80, que a investigação da microbiota intestinal de cupins proveria novas ferramentas para utilização de biomassa lignocelulósica e seus derivados. Este trabalho é o primeiro a reportar a ocorrência de Meyerozyma guilliermondii associada a cupins da Amazônia Central.

CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH TABLETED V5 THERAPEUTIC VACCINE DERIVED FROM HYDROLYZED BLOOD OF DONORS WITH HEPATITIS B AND C / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

V5 is derived from pooled blood of donors with hepatitis B and C, which was hydrolyzed, autoclaved and foFWHlrtted into ordinary tablets. The principle of V5 action is similar to the first generation hepatitis B vaccine derived from plasma of hepatitis carriers. Preclinical studies have shown that V5 is safe - no acute or chronic toxicity in vitro or animals was seen at 1,882-fold higher doses than recommended once-per-day pill regimen. Safety Phase 1 two-month study has not demonstrated any adverse effects. Several clinical Phase II trials of V5 were conducted in past 5 years since its approval as a biologically active immunomodulator. Post-marketing survey in Mongolia assessed in 240 individuals with hepatitis B and C revealed that levels of liver damage biomarkcrs: ALT; bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase decreased from mean 104.9192 to 63.2 • 51 (P« 0.0001); 14. I±12 to 9.9±7 (P=0.0001); 319±190 to 242±145 (P=0.049), respectively. The efficacy ofV5 based on ALT decrease in each individual was observed in 84.1% of patients. During trial in Ukraine on hepatitis C patients who also had tuberculosis it was accidentally discovered that V5 can clear Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Subsequent trials, including randomized placebo controlled phase II Mai, conducted in over 300 patients with TB has demonstrated that V5 has potent anti-TB activity r4iardless whether patients had drug sensitive TB, MDR-TB or TB with HIV. On average the c'crrance rate was observed in over 85% of TB patients after just one month. Recently wc have slJHed seeing patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who seemed to benefit from V5. The case rcR)rt from one patient will be presented to illustrate this effect. In conclusion. V5 appears to have kfSad spectrum activity against unrelated diseases. This needs to be verified in further clinical studies

Clinical observation of naloxone for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy / 中国基层医药

ObjectiveTo explore effective treatment for moderate and severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods46 cases of moderate to severe HIE were randomly divided into two groups.Control group of 21 cases only accepted the HIE conventional treatment,treatment group,25 cases accepted the HIE conventional treatment and were also given brain protein hydrolyzate combined naloxone treatment,the efficacy of various clinical indicators of the two groups were compared.ResultsThe remarkable effective rate and the total effective rate of the treatment group were significantly higher ( all P ＜ 0.01 ).Consciousness recovery time,recovery time of the original ability,convulsions,muscle tension,recovery time,sucking ability,recovery time,hospital days of treatment group were significantly lower than the control group( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThe effect of naloxone therapy for moderate to severe HIE is significant,and the therapy has high clinical value.

Effect of Soy Protein Hydrolyzate on Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Activity in the Rat

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of soy protein hydrolyzate on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity in the rat. Thirty-eight male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into five groups: casein, isolated soy protein (ISP), seoritae protein hydrolyzate (SH), soluble soy protein hydrolyzate (SS), and insoluble soy protein hydrolyzate (IS). The control diet (casein group) contained 20% casein protein and experimental diet contained 10% casein and 10% isolated soy-protein or soy-protein hydrolyzate. Fecal lipid content was increased and lipid apparent absorption rate was decreased significantly by the ISP group at the first week of experimental period. Blood triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index (AI) were decreased by soy protein hydrolyzate groups than casein group. Liver total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol were not different among groups, but showed decreasing tendencies in soyprotein hydrolyzate groups. The lipid lowering effect was prominent in the IS group among soy protein hydrolyzate groups. Total antioxidant activity showed increasing tendency in the seoritae hydrolyzate group. Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase activities also showed higher tendencies in the seoritae hydrolyzate group than other groups. In conclusion, insoluble soyprotein hydrolyzate was more effective in lowering body lipids and seoritae hydrolyzate had higher antioxidant capacity among soy protein hydrolyzates.

FERMENTATION PRODUCTION OF PULLULAN FROM ISO-STARCH-HYDROLYZATE / 微生物学通报

Utilized Sucrose as carbon source for fermentation production of pullulan, the yield were 60%. But when Starch-hydrolyzate as an alternative of sucrose as carbon source, the yield were less than 45%. utilize some carbon sources containing fructose, the yield tend upwards. We utilized isostarch-hydrolyzate as only carbon source and got an yield as similar as that sucrose did.