Evaluación de riesgo suicida en estudiantes universitarios / Suicide risk assessment in university students

RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo general de la investigación fue describir la evaluación de riesgo suicida en estudiantes universitarios. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativo, no experimental de corte transversal. Dentro de las metas planteadas en este estudio no se contempla la manipulación de las variables a estudiar. El estudio tuvo un alcance descriptivo observacional, teniendo como meta el registro, análisis e interpretación de la naturaleza actual de la población estudiada. Mediante la plataforma Google Forms se envió la encuesta a 77 estudiantes de Medicina, de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Ecuador. (ESPOCH). Resultados: Se obtuvo que el 66.66% presenta riesgo suicida bajo, 14.66% riesgo medio y 18.66% corresponde a riesgo alto según la escala de SAD PERSONS. En conclusión: La investigación muestras que la población de estudiantes de Medicina, presenta algún nivel de riesgo suicida. La problemática descrita debe ser profundizada para esclarecer las consecuencias.

ABSTRACT Objective: The general objective of the research was to describe the evaluation of suicidal risk in university students. Methodology: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional research was carried out; within the goals set out in this study, the manipulation of the variables to be studied was not contemplated. The study had a descriptive observational scope, with the goal of recording, analyzing and interpreting the current nature of the population studied. The survey was sent through the Google Forms platform. The survey was sent to 77 medical students of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Ecuador (ESPOCH). Results: It was found that 66.66% presented low suicidal risk, 14.66% medium risk and 18.66% corresponded to high risk according to the SAD PERSONS scale. In conclusion: The research shows that the population of medical students presents some level of suicidal risk. The problem described should be deepened to clarify the consequences.

Evaluación de riesgo suicidas en estudiantes universitarios / Suicide risk assessment in university students

El objetivo general de la investigación fue describir la evaluación de riesgo suicidas en estudiantes universitarios. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativo no experimental de corte trasversal, dentro de las metas planteadas en este estudio no se contempla la manipulación de las variables a estudiar. El estudio tuvo un alcance descriptivo observacional, teniendo como meta el registro, análisis e interpretación de la naturaleza actual de la población estudiada. Mediante la plataforma Google Forms se envió la encuesta. A 77 estudiantes de medicina, de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Ecuador. (ESPOCH). Resultados: Se obtuvo que el 66.66% presenta riesgo suicida bajo, 14.66% riesgo medio y 18.66% corresponde a riesgo alto según la escala de SAD PERSONS. En conclusión: La investigación muestras que la población de estudiantes de medicina, presenta algún nivel de riesgo suicida. La problemática descrita debe ser profundizada para esclarecer las consecuencias.

The general objective of the research was to describe the evaluation of suicidal risk in university students. Methodology: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional research was carried out; within the goals set out in this study, the manipulation of the variables to be studied was not contemplated. The study had a descriptive observational scope, with the goal of recording, analyzing and interpreting the current nature of the population studied. The survey was sent through the Google Forms platform. The survey was sent to 77 medical students of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Ecuador (ESPOCH). Results: It was found that 66.66% presented low suicidal risk, 14.66% medium risk and 18.66% corresponded to high risk according to the SAD PERSONS scale. In conclusion: The research shows that the population of medical students presents some level of suicidal risk. The problem described should be deepened to clarify the consequences.

Pedagogias críticas da Educação Física na "batalha de ideias": analisando produções e compreensões contemporâneas e suas contraposições ao pensamento e às práticas pedagógicas conservadoras / Critical pedagogies of Physical Education in the "battle of ideas": analyzing contemporary productions and understandings and their counterpositions to conservative pedagogical thought and practices / Pedagogías críticas de la Educación Física en la "batalla de ideas": analizando producciones y comprensiones contemporáneas y sus contraposiciones al pensamiento y las prácticas pedagógicas conservadoras

RESUMO O presente artigo investiga como se apresentam as produções e as compreensões contemporâneas das pedagogias críticas nas produções acadêmicas e científicas da Educação Física. Analisa teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado defendidas e publicadas em bancos digitais, bem como artigos científicos disponíveis em quatro dos principais periódicos da Educação Física entre 2000 e 2023. Caracteriza-se como bibliométrico, de natureza básica estratégica quanto aos objetivos e com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Evidencia que a contraposição das proposições pedagógicas críticas na Educação Física ao pensamento conservador e às práticas pedagógicas conservadoras ampliou-se ao considerar o que defende Silva (2013), considerando no contemporâneo questões raciais, de gênero e sexuais, além das econômicas.

ABSTRACT This article investigates how contemporary productions and understandings of critical pedagogies are presented in academic and scientific productions of Physical Education. It analyzes doctoral theses and master's dissertations defended and published in digital databases, as well as scientific articles available in four of the main Physical Education journals between the years 2000 and 2023. It is characterized as bibliometric, of a basic strategic nature as to the objectives and with a qualitative-quantitative approach. It shows that the counterposition of critical pedagogical propositions in Physical Education to conservative thinking and conservative pedagogical practices have expanded, considering in contemporary racial, gender and sexual issues, in addition to economic ones.

RESUMEN Este artículo investiga cómo se presentan las producciones y comprensiones contemporáneas de las pedagogías críticas en en los trabajos académicos y científicos de la Educación Física. Analiza tesis doctorales y disertaciones de maestría defendidas y publicadas en bancos digitales, así como artículos científicos disponibles en cuatro de las principales revistas de Educación Física entre los años 2000 y 2023. El estudio se caracteriza como bibliométrico, de carácter básico estratégico en cuanto a objetivos y con un enfoque cuali-cuantitativo. Evidencia que la oposición de las propuestas pedagógicas críticas en Educación Física al pensamiento conservador y a las prácticas pedagógicas conservadoras se han ampliado, considerando cuestiones raciales, de género y sexuales, además de las económicas, en la época contemporânea.

A New Approach to Network Pharmacological Analysis Based on Key Pathophysiological Processes / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In recent years， the field of network pharmacology （NP） has developed rapidly， but the flawed and routine workflow has seriously affected the scientificity and reliability of NP analysis results. For complex diseases caused by environmental and genetic factors， symptomatic treatment or drugs targeting a single pathophysiological process cannot prevent or delay the progression of the disease， so the drug development fails or withdraws from the market. Therefore， there is an urgent need to develop new ideas for NP analysis that combines multiple pathophysiological processes. The key pathophysiological process is an important and complete set of pathological changes in the process of the occurrence， development， and outcome of the disease， which represents the current comprehensive and profound understanding of the nature of the disease. In order to improve the quality of NP research and promote the healthy development of the NP field， this paper proposes a new idea of NP analysis based on key pathophysiological processes. Based on the long-term clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine and the key pathophysiological process of the disease， the method comprehensively analyzes the pharmacological mechanism and active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine compound from the perspective of key pathophysiological process， which increases the scientifically， reliability， and repeatability of the analysis results. This paper takes Alzheimer's disease （AD） as an example to illustrate the necessity， feasibility， main workflow， advantages， and disadvantages of this method， and it is expected to screen disease-modifying drugs that prevent or reverse the course of the disease and promote the clinical transformation of research results.

Research on material basis and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine based on intestinal metabolomics / 药学学报

The pharmacodynamic substance of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important basis for its mechanism and quality control, and also a key scientific issue for the inheritance and development of TCM. However, the complex characteristics of multi-component, multi-target and integrity of TCM, as well as the limitations of modern scientific research technical methods, have brought great challenges to the research. The interactions between Chinese medicine and intestinal flora provide us with a new idea. Based on the effective role of TCM and the hypothesis of correlation between intestinal flora and disease, the research on the material basis and mechanism of action of TCM based on intestinal metabolomics mostly explored the relationship between microflora and host phenotype, gradually deepening, and finally focused on the relationship between intestinal strains and molecular levels. This paper summarized the research ideas and key technologies of this model, in order to provide reference for the application of this model.

Taking the mechanism of glucose catabolism disorder in depression as an example to explore the research ideas and strategies of stable isotope tracer metabolomics / 药学学报

Stable isotope tracer metabolomics tracks and analyzes the whole metabolic process of the body through the tracer atoms, which belongs to the frontier technology in the field of biomedicine. This technology is of great significance and value for explaining the pathogenesis of diseases, finding biomarkers of diseases and drug action targets. Taking the mechanism of glucose catabolism disorder in depression as an example, this paper systematically expounds the stable isotope tracer metabolomics technology and its application. The research idea of stable isotope tracer metabolomics based on unmarked metabolomics was put forward, and the research strategy of biological significance interpretation from four dimensions of metabolite isotope abundance, key metabolic enzymes, metabolic flow direction and metabolite flow was given, which broke through the bottleneck of stable isotope tracer metabolomics research technology based on overall animal experiment, and provided scientific basis for the promotion and application of this technology.

Discussion on diagnosis and treatment of dizziness from cases / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Dizziness or vertigo is a common clinical symptom, and its underlying etiology is complex. Many clinicians are confused about its diagnosis and treatment. This article presents a case about chronic vestibular syndrome. And case appreciation and academic discussion are conducted by well-known domestic neurologists and otologists, so as to provide a good thinking model and basic ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of dizziness or vertigo, hoping to further improve the diagnosis and treatment level among clinicians.

Morphological examination and integrated diagnosis of hematologic diseases / 中华检验医学杂志

The morphologic examination of hematologic diseases, mainly by bone marrow smear and/or blood smear needs to keep pace with the times. Several morphological methods need to be optimized and complemented. The joint examination of bone marrow smear, blood smear, bone marrow biopsy imprint and bone marrow section is a relatively complete integrated mode. Together with the meaningful new morphological test items, the reliable diagnosis of morphology can be significantly improved. At the same time, it is also necessary to expand and deepen the diagnostic thinking, integrate clinical, immunophenotype and genetic thinking, and take diagnostic evidence and rules as the criterion, which was the main theme of modern morphological inspection and diagnosis.

Exploration on acupuncture treatment ideas for knee osteoarthritis from the perspective of Dongyuan needling technology / 中国针灸

The treatment ideas with acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are explored on the base of Dongyuan needling technology. Regarding the rules of acupoint selection, Zusanli (ST 36) is predominant, the back-shu points are used for the disorders related to the invasion of exogenous factors, and the front-mu points are for the cases caused by internal injury. Besides, the xing-spring points and shu-stream points are preferred. In treatment of KOA, besides the local points, the front-mu points, i.e. Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25) and Guanyuan (CV 4), are selected specially to tonifying the spleen and stomach. The earth points and acupoints on the earth meridians (i.e. Yinlingquan [SP 9], Xuehai [SP 10], Liangqiu [ST 34], Dubi [ST 35], Zusanli [ST 36] and Yanglingquan [GB 34]) are optional to coordinate yin and yang, essence and qi , and regulate the qi movement of spleen and stomach. The shu-stream points of liver, spleen and kidney meridians (Taichong [LR 3], Taibai [SP 3] and Taixi [KI 3]) are chosen to promote meridian circulation and regulate zangfu functions.

La depresión con ideas suicidas presenta disfunciones corticales prefrontales que favorecen significativamente el intento suicida / Depression with suicidal ideas presents prefrontal cortical dysfunctions that significantly favor suicidal intent

Se realiza una revisión de estudios de resonancia magnética integral y funcional, así como estudios bioquímicos en pacientes con y sin ideas suicidas. Estos estudios en pacientes con alto riesgo de suicidio presentan una disminución de volúmenes corticales en la corteza prefrontal dorso y ventrolateral. Lo importante de estos estudios es que resultan de la comparación con pacientes deprimidos con bajo riesgo de suicidio. Los estudios de resonancia magnética funcional mostraron una hipofuncionalidad del lóbulo prefrontal en los pacientes depresivos con ideas suicidas severas, que se observa como una disminución del flujo sanguíneo cerebral en las áreas lateral y ventral. Se observa una disminución del metabolismo de serotonina, en clara relación con la severidad de las ideas de muerte, también con un foco en la región lateroventral prefrontal. Dado que las funciones de la corteza prefrontal afirman al individuo en su perspectiva vital, disfunciones como las descritas debilitan la coordinación y organización del apego a la vida, quedando, por el contrario, la posibilidad de la búsqueda de la muerte. Se concluye que los pacientes depresivos con ideas suicidas tienen una alta vulnerabilidad para el intento de suicidio por la afectación de las zonas prefrontales.

A review of functional integral magnetic resonance and biochemical data from patients with and without suicidal ideation is presented. Patients with high suicidal risk show a decrease in cortical volume in ventrolateral and dorsal prefrontal cortex. These studies are compared to those of depressed patients with low suicidal risk. Functional magnetic resonance in depressed patients with severe suicidal ideation show an hypo functional prefrontal lobe, seen as a decrease in blood flow in lateral and ventral areas. There is a decrease in serotonin metabolism, clearly related to the severity of suicidal ideation, also in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. As prefrontal cortex functions enhance vital perspectives, such dysfunctions weaken coordination and organization of attachment to life, making search for death a possibility. Authors conclude that depressed patients with suicidal ideation have a high vulnerability for suicidal intent due to changes in prefrontal areas.

A circulação de Georges Canguilhem no Brasil: para além do normal e patológico / The Circulation of Georges Canguilhem in Brazil: beyond the normal and the pathological

Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995), filósofo francês, possui uma extensa produção intelectual cuja importância percorre diferentes áreas do saber. Apesar da variedade de temas abordados pelo autor, parece prevalecer um discurso quase monotemático ­ quando se trata de seu pensamento no Brasil ­ relativo ao debate em torno de sua tese, O normal e o patológico. Tal fenômeno se relaciona aos processos de recepção e circulação de suas ideias, marcados pelo campo de construção da Saúde Coletiva brasileira. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas com intelectuais brasileiros protagonistas deste cenário, procurei investigar e construir uma parte da história de sua recepção e circulação no país a fim de apreender o movimento que alçou o discurso do normal e patológico como protagonista. Em paralelo, a construção desta narrativa permitiu revelar outras leituras, localizadas em campos e grupos externos à saúde. Tendo em vista alguns acontecimentos históricos e sociais particulares, o período privilegiado de análise compreendeu o início dos anos 70 até o final dos anos 90. Com efeito, as leituras de Georges Canguilhem no Brasil, apesar de protagonizadas pelo campo da saúde, não são unívocas e homogêneas e estão para além do normal e do patológico. Sendo assim, apresento cinco facetas que caracterizam este processo e permitem compreender a extensão e peculiaridade de sua circulação em território nacional: a) a História das Ciências na primeira metade da década de 70; b) o campo da Saúde Pública (mais adiante reconfigurada epistemologicamente como Saúde Coletiva) a partir de 1975; c) o campo psi desde o final dos anos 70; d) a história epistemológica apresentada por Roberto Machado no início dos anos 80; e) a leitura contemporânea empreendida entre o final dos anos 90 e o final dos anos 2000.

Georges Canguilhem (1904-1995), a French philosopher, has a vast intellectual production whose relevance goes through different fields of knowledge. Although the variety of subjects addressed by the author, it seems that virtually one topic prevails in his discourse ­ when it concerns his thought in Brazil ­ regarding the discussion about his proposition, The Normal and the Pathological. Such phenomenon is related to the processes of reception and circulation of his ideas, characterized by the setting field of Brazilian Collective Health. By the means of literature review and interviews with the leading Brazilian intellectuals in this set, I pursued investigating and conceiving a part of the history of its reception and circulation in the country in order to comprehend the movement that reached the normal and the pathological statement as a major speech. Simultaneously, this narrative conceiving enabled me to disclose literature from external fields and groups other than health's. Considering some particular historical and social events, the chosen period of analysis covers the early 1970s to late 1990s. In fact, Georges Canguilhem's literature in Brazil, although it is mainly studied in the field of Health, is not univocal and homogenous, it is beyond the normal and the pathological. Thus, I present five aspects that characterizes this process and enables comprehending the scope and the uniqueness of its circulation in Brazil: a) History of Sciences in the first half of 1970s; b) the public health field (that was later epistemologically set up as Collective Health) as from 1975; c) the fields of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis as from the late 1970; d) the epistemological history presented by Roberto Machado in early 1980s; e) the contemporary reading undertaken between the late 1990s and the late 2000s.

Intervention of Hei Xiaoyaosan in Alzheimer's Disease Immune Inflammation Based on Liver-kidney Homology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Alzheimer's disease （AD） is a neurological disease highly related to age， which is the main cause of senile dementia and the most common disease leading to the loss of daily living ability of the elderly. AD brings heavy mental burden and economic pressure to patients， families， and society. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） ascribes AD to category of "dementia"， believing that the treatment should start from kidney because kidney deficiency is the root cause. Combined with the physiological and pathological characteristics of liver， this paper proposed that liver-kidney homology was an important idea for the prevention and treatment of AD. The main pathological manifestations of AD were amyloid β-protein （Aβ） deposition and neurofibrillary tangles （NFT）， and the pathogenesis was complex. A growing number of studies showed that immune inflammation played an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. The important target of treating AD was the regulation of neuro-immune inflammation through the nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB）/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 （NLRP3）/Caspase-1/interleukin-1β （IL-1β） signaling pathway. Based on the idea of liver-kidney homology， this paper selected the representative formula Hei Xiaoyaosan to explore its effect on the prevention and treatment of AD and the mechanism from the perspective of regulating NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway and inhibiting neuro-immune inflammation， expecting to further promote the in-depth study on the prevention and treatment of AD， and provide references for the prevention and treatment of AD by TCM.

Analysis of Key Problems and Suggestions on Textual Research of Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

This paper systematically combs and analyzes the existing research related to the textual research of famous classical formulas， summarizes the problems and deficiencies of the current research， and puts forward the key points and suggestions of the textual research of famous classical formulas， so as to provide reference for the research related to the textual research of famous classical formulas. This paper discusses from the perspectives of paying attention to the similarities and differences of ancient and modern drug textual research connotation， paying attention to the comprehensive utilization of multi-dimensional information， paying attention to the combing and textual research of different key links of drug historical evolution， paying attention to the combing of the evolution of modern scientific name textual research， paying attention to the textual research principle of respecting the ancient but not sticking to it， and paying attention to the basic knowledge of philology， and puts forward the current situation， problems and countermeasures of formula textual research to herbal textual research based on the in-depth summary and analysis of the results， absorbs the advantages of previous scholars， supplements the shortcomings of previous research， and forms a unique research system according to the characteristics of famous classical formulas. That is， pay attention to the context of historical changes and cross-sectional analysis. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the historical changes of different key links such as the origin， authentic production areas， medicinal parts and processing， the reasonable key information of famous classical formula drugs in different periods was given by fully absorbing the research results of modern times and combining the current productivity and cognitive level， laying a foundation for the development of famous classical formulas.

Influence of Changing Tendency in Sense of Head and Neck Carcinogenesis on Current Therapeutic Ideas and Its Clinical Implications / 肿瘤防治研究

On the basis of the changing tendency in the sense considering tumors as a kind of chronic and systematic disease and the integrating trend of somatic mutation theory with the one of field cancerization, this paper focuses on the limitations of current therapeutic ideas and strategies in head and neck tumors. It also describes the influence of the modern view of oncogenesis for future treatment and the developing drift of therapies in this field. Although most tumors in the head and neck region are solid ones, their tumorogenesis should be considered as the final event of systemic dysfunction under the consideration of holistic view and systems theory. Through reasonable integration of unique advantages derived from various modern therapies at a much higher level of personalized diagnosis and treatment view, patients with head and neck tumors are expected to survive with much better long-term therapeutic effects and much higher quality of life following treatment.

A preliminary study on the development of grassroots disease prevention and control institutions in post-epidemic era / 公共卫生与预防医学

Now China vigorously promoted the reform of the disease prevention and control system and the construction of the public health system. In the context of the reform of the disease prevention and control system, grassroots disease prevention and control institutions have been greatly improved in terms of the number and structure of personnel, the configuration of facilities and equipment, the construction of information technology, and the ability of laboratory testing. However, it is still a challenge for grassroots disease prevention and control institutions to achieve long-term development under the supportive development policy of “one type of protection and two types of management”. Paper in Wuhan district of institution of disease prevention and control, for example, by analyzing its current working train of thought, puts forward the basic institution of disease prevention and control should be in the internal management level, social level and system level under the three-dimensional development ideas, fully show the technical characteristics, improve the ability of the business, to provide more diversified public health services to the public, may be able to get long-term, stable and continued development.

Development of handshape / 中国针灸

A new type of handshape

Folie imposée en dos hermanas gemelas

RESUMEN Folie imposée (trastorno de ideas delirantes inducidas) es una entidad poco frecuente en psiquiatría clínica. Este es un reporte de caso de dos hermanas gemelas, que requirieron internación en un servicio de psiquiatría tras la aparición de ideas delirantes de perjuicio y de contenido místico que, tras una intervención adecuada y sepa-ración de la paciente sin antecedentes de cuadros similares, recuperaron su funcionalidad previa. El trastorno de ideas delirantes inducidas tiene diferentes subtipos clínicos que se diferencian en el modo en que inician su efecto en la persona inducida. El tratamiento involucra enfoques farmacológicos y psicoterapéuticos, al igual que una importante psicoeducación sobre el cuadro.

ABSTRACT Folie imposée (induced delusional disorder) is a rare entity in clinical psychiatry. This is a case report of two twin sisters, who required hospitalization in a psychiatry service after the appearance of delusions of prejudice and mystical content that, after an adequate intervention and separation of the patient without a history of similar symptoms, recovered their previous functionality. Induced delusional disorder has different clinical subtypes that differ in how they initiate their effect in the induced person. The treatment involves pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches as well as an important psychoeducation on the disease.

Remedios curativos y propaganda médica contra la influenza de 1918 en México: ideas y conocimientos / Therapeutic remedies and medical propaganda on influenza in Mexico in 1918: ideas and knowledge sets

Resumen El artículo explora el pensamiento médico en torno al impacto de la pandemia de influenza de 1918 en México. Se analizan las ideas científicas sobre la etiología de la gripe, las cuales se reflejaron en el tipo de remedios y recetas médicas que se publicaron en la prensa y en boletines de salud. Para adentrarse en este tema profundizamos en el contexto histórico internacional dominado por la guerra. En México, años de conflictos armados a consecuencia de la Revolución agravaron las condiciones de vida de la población: hambre, tifo, viruela y otros padecimientos infecciosos se presentaron antes y durante el brote de la pandemia. El trabajo se apoya en documentación de archivo, boletines de salud, prensa de la época y bibliografía actualizada.

Abstract This article explores medical thought on the impact of the influenza pandemic of 1918 in Mexico. It analyzes scientific ideas on the etiology of the flu, as reflected in the types of remedies and medical prescriptions published in the press and in health bulletins. It then goes deeper into the topic by examining the international historic context, dominated by the war. In Mexico, years of armed conflict unleashed by the Revolution exacerbated living conditions among the population: starvation, typhus, smallpox and other infectious diseases were present before and during the outbreak of the pandemic. This study is based on archival documentation, health bulletins, press sources from the period, and modern bibliography.