Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 18 de 18
Filter
1.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 29(4): e013620, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144226

ABSTRACT

Abstract Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular parasite that can infect many domestic and wild animals, including birds. These animals are important sources for monitoring of environmental contamination, as they could become infected through sporulated oocysts; however, the real role of birds in the biological cycle of N. caninum remains uncertain. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies, evaluate associated factors, detect the parasite by molecular testing of free-range chickens from Brazil, and evaluate different techniques for its serological diagnosis. Blood samples of 366 chickens from 25 farms were collected for serological assays. The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect anti-N. caninum antibodies. Chickens that tested seropositive by IFAT had their brain tissues and a pool of organs (heart, lung, and liver) submitted to PCR for molecular detection of the parasite. Out of 366 chickens, 65 (17.8%) and 163 (44.6%) were seropositive by IFAT and ELISA, respectively. Brain tissues (n=60) and the pools of organs (n=65) were negative in the PCR. Our results showed a high prevalence of antibodies in free-range chickens and that IFAT is the more sensitive technique for the detection of anti-N. caninum antibodies.


Resumo Neospora caninum é um parasita intracelular obrigatório que pode infectar vários animais domésticos e silvestres, incluindo as aves. Esses animais são importantes fontes para o monitoramento da contaminação ambiental, uma vez que eles podem se infectar por meio da ingestão de oocistos. Porém, o real papel das aves no ciclo biológico do N. caninum ainda é incerto. Este estudo teve como objetivos determinar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-N. caninum, avaliar fatores associados, detectar o parasita por meio de teste molecular em galinhas de vida livre do Brasil e avaliar diferentes técnicas para o diagnóstico sorológico. Amostras de sangue de 366 galinhas de 25 fazendas foram coletadas para testes sorológicos. A reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e o ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática (ELISA) foram utilizados para detectar anticorpos anti-N. caninum. As amostras de tecidos (cérebro, coração, pulmão e fígado) de galinhas soropositivas na RIFI foram coletadas e submetidas à PCR para detecção molecular do parasita. Das 366 galinhas, 65 (17,8%) e 163 (44,6%) foram soropositivas pela RIFI e ELISA, respectivamente. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva na PCR. Esses resultados demonstram uma elevada prevalência de anticorpos em galinhas de vida livre e que a RIFI é uma técnica mais sensível para a detecção de anticorpos anti-N. caninum.


Subject(s)
Animals , Coccidiosis/diagnosis , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Coccidiosis/epidemiology , Neospora/genetics , Neospora/immunology , Brazil/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Chickens , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Sensitivity and Specificity , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 37(8): 813-819, Aug. 2017. tab, mapas
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-895507

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos IgG para Neospora caninum bem como avaliar os fatores de risco associados à infecção em rebanhos ovinos do estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Foram coletadas, nos anos de 2011 e 2012, 1200 amostras de sangue de ovinos oriundos de sessenta propriedades distribuídas em três mesorregiões do estado para pesquisa de anticorpos para N. caninum pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI) utilizando-se como ponto de corte de 50 e as amostras diluídas na base 2. Os dados de 34 variáveis estudadas foram obtidos a partir de questionários aplicados aos proprietários e analisados para se determinar a frequências absolutas e relativas e análise dos fatores de risco pelo teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson (p≤0,05). A ocorrência de ovinos soropositivos para N. caninum foi de 39,83% (478/1200). Em relação às mesorregiões a ocorrência de animais e propriedades positivas foi de, respectivamente, 55,88% (380/680) e 88,24% (30/34) na Leste; 21,42% (60/280) e 42,85% (6/14) no Agreste e 15,83% (38/240) e 41,67% (5/12) no Sertão. Os títulos de anticorpos variaram de 50, representando 96,02% (459/478) das amostras soropositivas, a 6400 (1/478). Dentre as variáveis significantes, na analise multivariada, que foram consideradas com fatores de risco para a infecção pelo N. caninum estavam propriedades localizadas na mesorregião Leste (p=0,000, OR=4,64, IC95%=3,36-6,41), presença de fonte de água parada e corrente (p=0,000 OR=2,03, IC95%=1,41-2,92), ausência de quarentena (p=0,000 OR=2,71, IC95%=2,08-3,53), não utilização de esterqueiras (p=0,000 OR=3,14, IC95%=2,45-4,02), criações com finalidade de subsistência (p=0,000 OR=4,99, IC95%=3,15-7,92), de reprodução (p=0,002, OR=1,74, IC95%=1,22-2,49), presença de cães (p=0,000 OR=2,74, IC95%=1,73-433) e circulação de animais silvestres nos rebanhos (p=0,000 OR=3,45, IC95%=2,44-4,87). Os resultados evidenciam a ocorrência de N. caninum em rebanhos ovinos sergipanos, demonstrando o manejo e a localização dos rebanhos no estado como importantes fatores de risco.(AU)


The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of antibodies IgG against Neospora caninumand evaluate the risk factors associated with the infection in ovine herds, State of Sergipe, Brazil. Blood samples (n=1200) were collected from sheep raised in 60 sheep run located in the three mesoregions of the State of Sergipe, between 2011 e 2012. Antibodies were investigated by Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test of which cutoff point was 50 and positive samples were diluted in base 2 until the last positive titer. Data from 15 variables was obtained from questionnaires given to farmers. Absolute and relative frequencies were determined and the risk factors were analyzed by Pearson's Qui-Square test (p≤0,05). The occurrences of serum reactive sheep were 39.83% (478/1200). The occurrences of positive sheep and sheep run were 55.88% (380/680) and 88.24% (30/34) in the Eastern region; 21.42% (60/280) e 42.85% (6/14) in dry region and 15.83% (38/240) e 41.67% (5/12) in the backwoods respectively. Antibody titers ranged from 50 (n=459), represented 96.02% (459/478) of seropositive samples to 6400 (1/478). Among the significant variables in the multivariate analysis were considered risk factors for infection with N. caninum were, sheep run located in Eastern region (p=0.000, OR=4.64, CI95%=3.36-6.41); standing and running water sources (p=0.000 OR=2.03, CI95%=1.41-2.92), absence of quarantine (p=0.000, OR=2.71, CI95%=2.08-3.53), absence of dunghill (p=0.000, OR=3.14, CI95%=2.45-4.02), presence of dogs (p=0.000, OR=2.74, CI95%=1.73-433), presence of wild animals (p=0.000, OR=3.45, CI95%=2.44-4.87) and subsistence (p=0.000, OR=4.99, CI95%=3.15-7.92) or reproduction (p=0.002, OR=1.74, CI95%=1.22-2.49) livestock were important risk factors. Our results highlight the occurrence ofN. caninumin the ovine herds from State of Sergipe. Management and location of sheep runs were important risk factors associated to the infection.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Sheep/parasitology , Risk Factors , Coccidiosis/epidemiology , Neospora , Brazil , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(2): 271-275, mar.-abr. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-779800

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to examine the intra-uterine exposure to Sarcocystis spp. antigens, determining the number of foals with detectable concentrations of antibodies against these agents in the serum, before colostrum ingestion and collect data about exposure of horses to the parasite. Serum samples were collected from 195 thoroughbred mares and their newborns in two farms from southern Brazil. Parasite specific antibody responses to Sarcocystis antigens were detected using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and immunoblot analysis. In 84.1% (159/189) of the pregnant mares and in 7.4% (14/189) of foals we detected antibodies anti-Sarcocystis spp. by IFAT. All samples seropositive from foals were also positive in their respective mares. Serum samples of seropositive foals by IFAT, showed no reactivity on the immunoblot, having as antigens S. neurona merozoites. In conclusion, the intra-uterine exposure to Sarcocystis spp. antigens in horses was demonstrated, with occurrence not only in mares, but also in their foals, before colostrum ingestion these occurrences were reduced.


O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a exposição intrauterina ao Sarcocystis spp., para determinar o número de potros que possuem concentrações detectáveis de anticorpos contra esses agentes no soro, antes da ingestão do colostro, por meio da coleta de dados sobre a exposição a esses protozoários nos equinos. Amostras de soro foram coletadas de 195 éguas puro-sangue e seus respectivos potros recém-nascidos, em duas fazendas localizadas na região Sul do Brasil. Os testes utilizados na detecção de anticorpos específicos para o Sarcocystis foram a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e análise por meio de immunoblot. Pela RIFI, em 84,1% (159/189) das éguas e em 7,4% (14/189) dos potros foram detectados anticorpos anti-Sarcocystis spp. Todas as amostras soropositivas dos potros também foram positivas para suas respectivas mães. As amostras de soro dos potros soropositivos na RIFI, não apresentaram reatividade no immunoblot, tendo como antígenos merozoítos de S. neurona. Em conclusão, foi demonstrada a exposição intrauterina de Sarcocystis spp. em equinos, com ocorrência em éguas, porém, em seus respectivos potros, antes da ingestão de colostro a ocorrência foi reduzida.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Protozoan/analysis , Horses/parasitology , Prenatal Diagnosis/veterinary , Sarcocystis/pathogenicity , Encephalomyelitis/veterinary , Immunoblotting , Immunoblotting/veterinary , Maternal-Fetal Exchange , Seroepidemiologic Studies
4.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 35(2): 110-114, 02/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-748889

ABSTRACT

Toxoplasmosis and neosporosis have been recognized as economically important diseases with considerable impact on the livestock industry. Little is known concerning the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in sheep from Tocantins state, Brazil. Here, we investigated antibodies against these parasites and associated factors in 182 sheep from Araguaína, Santa Terezinha do Tocantins, Arguianópolis and Palmeiras do Tocantins districts, Tocantins. Sheep sera were assayed for T. gondii and N. caninum IgG antibodies by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off point at a dilution of 1:40 and 1:25 respectively. The prevalence of seropositive animal for T. gondii was 13.74% and 13.74% for N. caninum. None of the characteristics studied including reproductive problems, presence of cats, presence of dogs and veterinary care (p>0.05) was associated with occurrence of T. gondii or N. caninum infection. Only breed was identified as associated factor for the occurrence of toxoplasmosis in sheep (p<0.05). The present study is the first report on serum occurrence of T. gondii and N. caninum in sheep from the state of Tocantins, Brazil.


Toxoplasmose e Neosporose são reconhecidas por doenças economicamente importantes com impacto considerável na indústria pecuária. Pouco se sabe sobre a ocorrência de Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum em ovelhas do estado do Tocantins, Brasil. Foram investigados a ocorrência de anticorpos contra estes parasitos e fatores associados em 182 ovelhas das cidades de Araguaína, Santa Terezinha do Tocantins, Arguianópolis e Palmeiras do Tocantins, Tocantins. Os soro das ovelhas foram testados para anticorpos IgG anti-T. gondii e anti-N. caninum pela Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI), usando os pontos de corte na diluição de 1:40 e 1:25, respectivamente. A prevalência de animais soropositivos para T. gondii foi de 13.74% e para N. caninum, 13.74%. Nenhuma das características estudadas incluindo problemas reprodutivos, presença de gatos, presença de cães e cuidados veterinários (p>0.05) foram associadas com a ocorrência infecção por T. gondii ou N. caninum. Somente raça foi identificada como fator associado à ocorrência de toxoplasmose em ovelhas (p<0.05). O presente trabalho é o primeiro relato da ocorrência sérica de T. gondii e N. caninum em ovelhas do estado do Tocantins, Brasil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Protozoan/isolation & purification , Sheep Diseases/parasitology , Neospora/isolation & purification , Sheep/immunology , Toxoplasma/isolation & purification , Toxoplasmosis, Animal , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary
5.
J. venom. anim. toxins incl. trop. dis ; 21: 1-7, 31/03/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741603

ABSTRACT

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, which affects warm-blooded animals including humans. Its prevalence rates usually vary in different regions of the planet. Methods: In this study, an analysis of the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among Brazilian students was proposed by means of IgG specific antibodies detection. The presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiantibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was also evaluated in order to compare it with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to assess the use of 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride chromogens. Results: The IFAT method showed a seroprevalence of 22.3%. These results were similar to those obtained by ELISA (24.1%). The seroprevalence was directly estimated from the IgG avidity, which showed that in a sample of 112 students, three of them had acute infection, an incidence of 1.6% in the studied population. Conclusion: In this study, the use of different chromogenic substrates in immunoenzymatic ELISA assays did not display different sensitivity in the detection of T. gondii-reagent serum. The extrapolation of results to this population must be carefully considered, since the investigation was conducted on a reduced sample. However, it allows us to emphasize the importance of careful and well prepared studies to identify risk factors for toxoplasmosis, to adopt preventive measures and to offer guidance to at-risk populations about the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Toxoplasma , Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/methods
6.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 1-7, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-210973

ABSTRACT

Plasmodium vivax reemerged in the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 1993, and is likely to continue to affect public health. The purpose of this study was to measure levels of anti-P. vivax antibodies using indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) in border areas of ROK, to determine the seroprevalence of malaria (2003-2005) and to plan effective control strategies. Blood samples of the inhabitants in Gimpo-si, Paju-si, and Yeoncheon-gun (Gyeonggi-do), and Cheorwon-gun (Gangwon-do) were collected and kept in Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Out of a total of 1,774 serum samples tested, the overall seropositivity was 0.94% (n=17). The seropositivity was the highest in Paju-si (1.9%, 7/372), followed by Gimpo-si (1.4%, 6/425), Yeoncheon-gun (0.67%, 3/451), and Cheorwon-gun (0.19%, 1/526). The annual parasite incidence (API) in these areas gradually decreased from 2003 to 2005 (1.69, 1.09, and 0.80 in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively). The highest API was found in Yeoncheon-gun, followed by Cheorwon-gun, Paju-si, and Gimpo-si. The API ranking in these areas did not change over the 3 years. The seropositivity of Gimpo-si showed a strong linear relationship with the API of 2005 (r=0.9983, P=0.036). Seropositivity data obtained using IFAT may be useful for understanding malaria prevalence of relevant years, predicting future transmission of malaria, and for establishing and evaluating malaria control programs in affected areas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Incidence , Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology , Plasmodium vivax/immunology , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies
7.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 22(1): 58-63, Jan.-Mar. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-671602

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and to isolate the parasite from the brains of horses processed at slaughterhouses in Brazil. We collected brain and blood samples from 398 horses of various ages, from six Brazilian states. Serum samples were evaluated by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT cut-off titre ≥ 1:64), and brains were submitted to mouse bioassay. Among the 398 horses, positivity for T. gondii was identified in 46 (11.6%) by IFAT and in 14 (3.5%) by mouse bioassay. In 12 of those 14 bioassays, mice were positive only by IFAT (cut-off titre ≥ 1:16), T. gondii being isolated in the remaining two. Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of 18S rDNA to differentiate among T. gondii, Neospora caninum, and Sarcocystis neurona, we found that two of the 14 brains were positive for T. gondii only. For genotyping of the two isolates and the PCR-positive brain, we performed PCR-RFLP based on 13 markers, and SAG2 all samples were Toxoplasma gondii type I. Collectively, IFAT of horse sera and mouse bioassay identified positivity in 60 (15%) of the samples. Our results show that some horses sent to slaughter in Brazil have been exposed toT. gondii.


O objetivo do estudo foi investigar anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e isolar o parasita do cérebro de equídeos abatidos em matadouros-frigoríficos no Brasil. Colheram-se amostras de 398 cérebros e sangue de equídeos machos e fêmeas de idades variadas, provenientes de seis estados brasileiros. As amostras de soro foram avaliadas pelo teste de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) para T. gondii (ponto de corte ≥ 64), e os fragmentos de cérebros foram submetidos ao bioensaio em camundongos. Por meio da IFI, 46 (11,6%) equídeos foram soropositivos. Pelo bioensaio em camundongos, 14 (3,5%) cérebros de equídeos testados foram positivos. Em doze dos bioensaios, os camundongos foram positivos somente pela IFI (ponto de corte ≥ 16) e T. gondii foi isolado nos outros dois bioensaios. A PCR-RFLP com base em 18S rDNA para diferenciar entre T. gondii, Neospora caninum, e Sarcocystis neurona foram feitas em todos os 14 cérebros e dois foram positivos apenas para T. gondii. De dois isolados positivos para T. gondii e do cérebro positivo à PCR em que realizou-se a PCR-RFLP, com base em 13 marcadores e SAG2, a genotipagem mostrou ser o T. gondii tipo I para todas as amostras. A IFI de soros de equídeos e do bioensaio em camundongos identificaram positividade em 60 (15%) amostras testadas. Os resultados mostram que alguns cavalos enviados para abate foram expostos ao T. gondii.


Subject(s)
Animals , Prevalence , Horse Diseases/diagnosis , Horse Diseases/parasitology , Toxoplasma/isolation & purification , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/diagnosis , Abattoirs , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Brazil , Horse Diseases/blood , Horses , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/blood
8.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 22(1): 39-45, Jan.-Mar. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-671612

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated factors associated with the frequency ofLeishmania spp. antibodies in dogs residing in the Itaguai micro-region, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 524 dogs. The serum samples were submitted to indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) forLeishmania spp. The frequency of seropositive dogs was 28.24% (n = 148) in the micro-region, and among the three municipalities within that region, the highest frequency (p < 0.05) was observed in Seropedica (59.46%), followed by Itaguai (29.05%) and Mangaratiba (11.49%). Regarding factors associated with the host, mongrel dogs and those over the age of two presented higher frequency of antibodies to Leishmaniaspp. (p < 0.05). Concerning factors related to the environment and habits of the animal, dogs residing in rural areas (FR = 1.67, p = 0.0002), living outside the residence (FR = 1.42, p = 0.0197), with access to forest, streams and pastures (FR = 2.81, p = 0.0007), remaining loose (FR = 1.66, p = 0.0073), and those that had no shelter (FR = 2.16, p < 0.0001) were more likely to be seropositive. Canine leishmaniasis is a disease with high occurrence in the Itaguai micro-region, and aspects such as the definition of breed, age, habits and care by owners showed significant association in this micro-region.


Este estudo avaliou os fatores associados à frequência de anticorpos específicos para Leishmania spp. em cães domiciliados na microrregião de Itaguaí, Rio de Janeiro. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de 524 cães. As amostras de soro foram submetidas a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA-teste) para Leishmania spp. A frequência de cães soropositivos foi de 28,24% (n = 148) na microrregião e, entre os três municípios avaliados, a maior frequência (p < 0,05) foi observada em Seropédica (59,46%), seguida de Itaguaí (29,05%) e Mangaratiba (11,49%). Em relação aos fatores associados ao hospedeiro, observou-se que cães sem raça definida e aqueles com idade acima de dois anos apresentaram maior frequência de anticorpos para Leishmania spp. (p < 0,05). Em relação aos fatores relacionados ao ambiente e ao hábito do animal, os cães residentes em áreas rurais (RF = 1,67, p = 0,0002), animais que vivem fora da residência (RF = 1,42, p = 0,0197), com acesso à mata, córregos e pastagens (FR = 2,81, p = 0,0007), que permanecem soltos (RF = 1,66, p = 0,0073), e aqueles que não possuem abrigo (RF = 2,16, p < 0,0001) apresentaram maior chance de serem soropositivos. A leishmaniose canina é uma enfermidade com elevada ocorrência na microrregião de Itaguai, e aspectos como definição racial, idade, hábitos e cuidados estabelecidos pelo proprietário mostraram associação significativa nessa microrregião.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Leishmaniasis/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis/veterinary , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Brazil/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/blood , Leishmania/immunology , Leishmaniasis/blood , Seroepidemiologic Studies
9.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487824

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and to isolate the parasite from the brains of horses processed at slaughterhouses in Brazil. We collected brain and blood samples from 398 horses of various ages, from six Brazilian states. Serum samples were evaluated by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT cut-off titre 1:64), and brains were submitted to mouse bioassay. Among the 398 horses, positivity for T. gondii was identified in 46 (11.6%) by IFAT and in 14 (3.5%) by mouse bioassay. In 12 of those 14 bioassays, mice were positive only by IFAT (cut-off titre 1:16), T. gondii being isolated in the remaining two. Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of 18S rDNA to differentiate among T. gondii, Neospora caninum, and Sarcocystis neurona, we found that two of the 14 brains were positive for T. gondii only. For genotyping of the two isolates and the PCR-positive brain, we performed PCR-RFLP based on 13 markers, and SAG2 all samples were Toxoplasma gondii type I. Collectively, IFAT of horse sera and mouse bioassay identified positivity in 60 (15%) of the samples. Our results show that some horses sent to slaughter in Brazil have been exposed toT. gondii.


O objetivo do estudo foi investigar anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e isolar o parasita do cérebro de equídeos abatidos em matadouros-frigoríficos no Brasil. Colheram-se amostras de 398 cérebros e sangue de equídeos machos e fêmeas de idades variadas, provenientes de seis estados brasileiros. As amostras de soro foram avaliadas pelo teste de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI) para T. gondii (ponto de corte 64), e os fragmentos de cérebros foram submetidos ao bioensaio em camundongos. Por meio da IFI, 46 (11,6%) equídeos foram soropositivos. Pelo bioensaio em camundongos, 14 (3,5%) cérebros de equídeos testados foram positivos. Em doze dos bioensaios, os camundongos foram positivos somente pela IFI (ponto de corte 16) e T. gondii foi isolado nos outros dois bioensaios. A PCR-RFLP com base em 18S rDNA para diferenciar entre T. gondii, Neospora caninum, e Sarcocystis neurona foram feitas em todos os 14 cérebros e dois foram positivos apenas para T. gondii. De dois isolados positivos para T. gondii e do cérebro positivo à PCR em que realizou-se a PCR-RFLP, com base em 13 marcadores e SAG2, a genotipagem mostrou ser o T. gondii tipo I para todas as amostras. A IFI de soros de equídeos e do bioensaio em camundongos identificaram positividade em 60 (15%) amostras testadas. Os resultados mostram que alguns cavalos enviados para abate foram expostos ao T. gondii.

10.
Ciênc. agrotec., (Impr.) ; 35(4): 826-832, ago. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-597707

ABSTRACT

Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de determinar a prevalência e os fatores de risco associados à soropositividade para Babesia bovis em 556 bovinos leiteiros procedentes de dez propriedades localizadas no sul de Minas Gerais, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos de acordo com a produção média diária de leite: Alta Produção (AP) >2.000 l de leite/dia, e Baixa Produção (BP) 500 l de leite/dia. Os soros foram submetidos à reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) para pesquisa de anticorpos anti-B. bovis e considerados positivos na diluição de 1:320. A análise estatística foi realizada no programa SPSS 12.0 for Windows e se buscou determinar a associação entre níveis de positividade para B. bovis nos rebanhos e os fatores de risco por meio do Teste Exato de Fischer. Para testar a diferença das médias de soropositividade, foi utilizado o teste T Student e em todos os cálculos considerou-se o grau de significância de 95 por cento. A prevalência média global de bovinos infectados por B. bovis foi de 94,1 por cento (523/556). Não houve diferença significativa na frequência média de anticorpos anti-B. bovis entre as propriedades leiteiras dos grupos de AP (95,97 por cento) e BP (92,22 por cento); e o mesmo resultado foi observado entre os animais jovens e adultos de ambos os grupos. Não foi observada associação significativa entre os fatores de risco avaliados e a taxa de bovinos positivos para B. bovis. A alta prevalência de rebanhos leiteiros soropositivos permite caracterizar, epidemiologicamente, a microrregião de Lavras, sul de Minas Gerais, como área de elevada estabilidade endêmica para B. bovis.


The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Babesia bovis infection in 556 dairy cattle from ten properties located in southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The herds were divided into two groups according to average daily milk production (liters): I- High Production (HP), >2,000 L milk/day; and II- Low Production (LP), d"500 L milk/day. The serum samples were submitted to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for antibodies anti-B. bovis and they were considered positive at a dilution of 1:320. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 12.0 for Windows. It was stated the association between positivity levels for B. bovis in dairy herds and the risk factors (farm size, production system, breed and feeding system) by Fisher exact test. The average prevalence of cattle with B. bovis infection was 94.06 percent (523/556). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the average frequency of antibodies anti-B. bovis between the groups of HP (95.97 percent) and LP (92.22 percent), and similar results were observed between young or adult cattle for both groups. The association between risk factors and seroprevalence of B. bovis has not been previously reported (p>0.05). The high prevalence of seropositive dairy herds allows to characterize epidemiologically the microregion of Lavras, south of Minas Gerais State, an area of enzootic stability to B. bovis.

12.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2010 Oct-Dec; 28(4): 354-357
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-143738

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies in selected immunocompetent and immunodeficient patients in and around Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out from May 2006 to October 2007 in 175 immunodeficient and 175 immunocompetent patients. Serum samples were subjected into in-house IgG assay using indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Results: Out of 350 patients tested by IgG IFAT, 41 (11.71%) had antibodies for Toxoplasma gondii with a mean IFA titre of 43.42 ± 58.7 and the titre ranging from 1 : 16 to 1 : 256. Among the immunocompetent and immunodeficient groups, 19 patients (10.86%) and 22 patients (12.57%), respectively, had antibodies to T. gondii. Various risk factors associated within the study group was analysed and results were interpreted. Conclusions: The study has highlighted an overall seroprevalence of 11.71% with 12.57% in immunocompromised and 10.86% in immunocompetent patients respectively in a southern district, Tamil Nadu, which underlines the importance of screening of this parasite especially in the immunocompromised patients.

13.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 30(7): l5531-553, July 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487573

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em 260 amostras de soro coletadas de fetos bovinos de julho de 2007 a março de 2008, em abatedouro do município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Para detecção de anticorpos anti-N. caninum, a técnica de imunofluorescência indireta foi utilizada tanto para a detecção de imunoglobulinas G e M. Amostras com títulos e" 25 foram consideradas positivas. Das 260 amostras testadas, 15 por cento (39/260) foram positivas para anticorpos anti-N. caninum. Destas, em 38 (97,4 por cento) foi detectada a presença de IgG anti-N. caninum e em seis (15,4 por cento) de IgM. Em cinco amostras (12,8 por cento) detectaram-se ambos, IgG e IgM. Os resultados reafirmam a habilidade do N. caninum em determinar infecção fetal. A pesquisa de IgM foi de limitada importância na detecção da infecção via transplacentária em soro fetal bovino.


The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in serum samples collected from 260 bovine fetuses, between July 2007 and March 2008, in an abattoir in the municipality of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. An indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to detect anti-N. caninum immunoglobulins G (IgG) and M (IgM), using a cut-off of 1:25. Considering IgG or IgM detection, 15 percent (39/260) of the samples tested were found positive. Among the positive samples, 38 (97.4 percent) were positive for IgG and 6 (15.4 percent) for IgM. However 5 (12.8 percent) of it were positive for both IgG and IgM. These results are in agreement with the proven ability of N. caninum to fetal infection. IgM testing was few relevant to detect N. caninum transplacental infection through fetal bovine serum analisys.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Antibodies/analysis , Cattle/blood , Fetus , Neospora/immunology , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin M , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
14.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 30(7): 551-553, July 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-557299

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em 260 amostras de soro coletadas de fetos bovinos de julho de 2007 a março de 2008, em abatedouro do município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Para detecção de anticorpos anti-N. caninum, a técnica de imunofluorescência indireta foi utilizada tanto para a detecção de imunoglobulinas G e M. Amostras com títulos e" 25 foram consideradas positivas. Das 260 amostras testadas, 15 por cento (39/260) foram positivas para anticorpos anti-N. caninum. Destas, em 38 (97,4 por cento) foi detectada a presença de IgG anti-N. caninum e em seis (15,4 por cento) de IgM. Em cinco amostras (12,8 por cento) detectaram-se ambos, IgG e IgM. Os resultados reafirmam a habilidade do N. caninum em determinar infecção fetal. A pesquisa de IgM foi de limitada importância na detecção da infecção via transplacentária em soro fetal bovino.


The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in serum samples collected from 260 bovine fetuses, between July 2007 and March 2008, in an abattoir in the municipality of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. An indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to detect anti-N. caninum immunoglobulins G (IgG) and M (IgM), using a cut-off of 1:25. Considering IgG or IgM detection, 15 percent (39/260) of the samples tested were found positive. Among the positive samples, 38 (97.4 percent) were positive for IgG and 6 (15.4 percent) for IgM. However 5 (12.8 percent) of it were positive for both IgG and IgM. These results are in agreement with the proven ability of N. caninum to fetal infection. IgM testing was few relevant to detect N. caninum transplacental infection through fetal bovine serum analisys.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Antibodies/analysis , Cattle/blood , Fetus , Neospora/immunology , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin M
15.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 17(4): 222-226, out.-dez. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-606752

ABSTRACT

Antibodies to Neospora caninum were analyzed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), in stray and domiciled dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas from Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil. Of the total of 556 dogs, 18.17 percent (101) were positive for N. caninum (titer 50). Frequency of antibody was 12.71 in urban, 15.73 in periurban, and 25.38 percent in rural dogs. Rural dogs had a significantly higher frequency of antibodies than urban dogs (P< 0.05). There were no significant differences between the frequencies of antibodies in urban and periurban dogs (P>0.05), and between dogs from periurban and rural areas (P>0.05). Antibodies to N. caninum were detected in 34 of 233 domiciled dogs (14.59 percent) and in 17 of 126 stray dogs (13.49 percent). No statistical differences were observed considering life-style and geographic location of origin (P>0.05). Neospora caninum is widespread among dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas of the municipal district of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.


Anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum foram detectados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), em cães errantes e domiciliados das áreas urbana, periurbana e rurais de Curitiba, estado do Paraná, Brasil. Do total de 556 cães, 18,17 por cento (101) foram soropositivos para N. caninum (título de 1:50). A frequência de anticorpos foi de 12,71 por cento nos cães urbanos, de 15,73 por cento nos periurbanos e de 25,38 por cento nos cães rurais. Nos cães rurais a frequência de anticorpos foi maior do que nos cães urbanos (P<0.05). Não houve diferença significativa entre as frequências de anticorpos dos cães urbanos e periurbanos (P>0,05), e dos periurbanos e rurais (P>0,05). Os anticorpos anti N. caninum foram detectados em 34 de 233 cães domiciliados (14,59 por cento) e em 17 de 126 cães errantes (13,49 por cento). Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre o tipo de criação e a origem (P>0,05). Neospora caninum está presente nos cães urbanos e periurbanos de Curitiba e nas áreas rurais do Estado do Paraná.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Neospora/immunology , Brazil , Rural Health , Urban Health
16.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 15(2): 94-97, maio-ago. 2008. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-521219

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to correlate ophthalmic and haematological findings, compared with the serological data obtained by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFATT) and by dot-blot linked immunoassay (DBELIA) in 51 dogs with uveitis due to possible ehrlichiosis infection. Thirty-four positive IFAT and forty-four positive DBELIA results were obtained in serum samples.The high correlation between uveitis and a positive serology for Ehrlichia canis was established. The DBELIA test was moresensitive for the diagnosis of ehrlichiosis than IFAT.


O objetivo do presente trabalho foi correlacionar os achados oftálmicos e hematológicos, comparados aos dados sorológicos obtidos por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI) e dot-blot ELISA (DBELIA) de 51 cães com uveíte, possivelmente devido a erliquiose. Trinta e quatro soros sangüíneos foram positivos pela RIFAT e quarenta e quatro pelo DBELIA. Foi estabelecida uma alta correlação entre uveíte e sorologia positiva para a Ehrlichia canis. O DBELIA foi mais sensível para o diagnóstico da erliquiose comparativamente a RIFI.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Ehrlichia canis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique/veterinary , Infections/veterinary , Serology , Uveitis/veterinary
17.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1487730

ABSTRACT

Antibodies to Neospora caninum were analyzed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), in stray and domiciled dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas from Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil. Of the total of 556 dogs, 18.17% (101) were positive for N. caninum (titer 50). Frequency of antibody was 12.71 in urban, 15.73 in periurban, and 25.38% in rural dogs. Rural dogs had a significantly higher frequency of antibodies than urban dogs (P 0.05). There were no significant differences between the frequencies of antibodies in urban and periurban dogs (P>0.05), and between dogs from periurban and rural areas (P>0.05). Antibodies to N. caninum were detected in 34 of 233 domiciled dogs (14.59%) and in 17 of 126 stray dogs (13.49%). No statistical differences were observed considering life-style and geographic location of origin (P>0.05). Neospora caninum is widespread among dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas of the municipal district of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.


Anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum foram detectados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), em cães errantes e domiciliados das áreas urbana, periurbana e rurais de Curitiba, estado do Paraná, Brasil. Do total de 556 cães, 18,17% (101) foram soropositivos para N. caninum (título de 1:50). A frequência de anticorpos foi de 12,71% nos cães urbanos, de 15,73% nos periurbanos e de 25,38% nos cães rurais. Nos cães rurais a frequência de anticorpos foi maior do que nos cães urbanos (P 0.05). Não houve diferença significativa entre as frequências de anticorpos dos cães urbanos e periurbanos (P>0,05), e dos periurbanos e rurais (P>0,05). Os anticorpos anti N. caninum foram detectados em 34 de 233 cães domiciliados (14,59%) e em 17 de 126 cães errantes (13,49%). Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre o tipo de criação e a origem (P>0,05). Neospora caninum está presente nos cães urbanos e periurbanos de Curitiba e nas áreas rurais do Estado do Paraná.

18.
Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases ; (6)1987.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-586841

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze malaria situation and evaluate the effect of control program in Henan Province during 1990-2005. Methods Data were collected and analyzed on the measures and effects of malaria control, vector surveillance, blood examination for cases with fever and serological surveillance in the province during 1990-2005. Results In the 16 years, a total of 802 700 people were given pre-transmission season treatment with chloroquine and primaquine for a radical cure of vivax malaria, chemoprophylaxis was given to 764 300 people at high risk during the transmission season, treatment or presumptive treatment was given to 43 891 cases. 11 216 100 cases with fever were tested and 11 213 (0.10%) were found positive accounting for 29.01% (11 213/338 654) of all malaria cases. A total of 1 332 800 bed nets were treated with insecticide and 1 999 300 people were protected in 1990-1992 and 1996-1999. 34 846 residents including pupils were tested with IFAT in 1990-2000 and 1149 (3.30%) were positive. The parasite rate amongst 71 234 local residents including pupils was 0.40% (286/71 234). The principal transmitting vectors were Anopheles sinensis and An.anthropophagus. The man-biting habit for An. sinensis and An.anthropophagus was 0.060 8 and 0.314 3 respectively, and the vectorial capacity of An.anthropophagus was 22.4 times higher than that of An.sinensis. In this period, 38 654 malaria cases were reported in the province and the annual malaria incidence was 2.62 per hundred thousand, the lowest annual incidence was in 1992 (0.37 per hundred thousand). 70.05% (27 076/38 654) of these malaria cases were from areas where An. anthropophagus was present. Conclusions In general, the malaria control activities have been effective and the epidemiological situation kept stable in Henan Province, although in some areas the situation is unstable and outbreak spots or focal epidemics occur.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL