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Introducción: La infección transmitida por transfusión (ITT) es producto de la inoculación directa de un agente infeccioso específico desde la unidad de sangre al huésped susceptible. Los marcadores serológicos positivos responden a características epidemiológicas no detectadas en miembros de la población aparentemente saludable. Objetivo general: Determinar la prevalencia de marcadores infecciosos y las características sociodemográficas en unidades sanguíneas procesadas de donantes que asisten al banco de sangre del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario "Ruíz y Páez" de Ciudad Bolívar - Estado Bolívar, período junio 2019 - junio 2022. Metodología: Se trató de un estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo, no experimental. El universo estuvo conformado por 13 016 unidades sanguíneas, 414 muestras fueron reactivas, que reportaron un total de 434 serologías positivas. Resultados: Se apreció una prevalencia global de 3,34 % para cualquier ITT; el marcador infeccioso más frecuente fue sífilis con el 60,83 % y una prevalencia de 2,03 %. Tomando en cuenta las características sociodemográficas predominantes: género masculino, 65,94 %; grupo etario 38-47 años, 28,74 %; ocupación obrera, 24,88 %; provenientes de Ciudad Bolívar, 84,06 %. Las muestras con coinfección representaron un 4,58 %, siendo la combinación VIH+Sífilis la más frecuente 1,45 %. El año 2021 destacó con 35,25 % serologías positivas. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de marcadores infecciosos se considera no despreciable. Se debe reforzar la prevención y cura de las enfermedades infecciosas trasmisibles en miembros de la población aparentemente saludable, así como también redirigir las estrategias en el manejo de seguridad transfusional.
Introduction: Transfusion-transmitted infection (ITT) is the direct inoculation of a specific infectious agent from the blood unit to the susceptible host. Positive serological markers respond to epidemiological characteristics not detected in members of the apparently healthy population. General objective: Determine the prevalence of infection markers and sociodemographic characteristics in processed blood units of donors attending the blood bank of the "Ruíz y Páez" University Hospital Complex in Ciudad Bolívar - Bolivar State, period June 2019 - June 2022. Methodology: This was a descriptive, retrospective, nonexperimental study. The universe consisted of 13 016 blood units, 414 samples were reactive, which reported a total of 434 positive serologies. Results: An overall prevalence of 3.34 % was found for any ITT; the most frequent infection markers were syphilis with 60.83% and a prevalence of 2.03 %. Taking into account the predominant sociodemographic characteristics: male gender, 65.94 %; age group 38-47 years, 28.74 %; labor occupation, 24.88 %; from Ciudad Bolivar, 84.06 %. The samples with coinfection represented 4.58 %, being the combination HIV+Syphilis the most frequent 1.45 %. Year 2021 stood out with 35.25 % positive serologies. Conclusions: The prevalence of infection markers is considered not negligible. The prevention and cure of communicable infectious diseases in members of the apparently healthy population should be strengthened, as well as redirecting strategies in transfusion safety management.
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Objetivo: Evaluar la depleción del suministro de sangre y el costo por donaciones indeterminadas del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen durante el 2014. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal y análisis de costo-utilidad en donaciones con resultados en zona gris (valor de la muestra/ valor de corte entre los límites > 0.85 y < 1) luego del tamizaje serológico para los siete marcadores infecciosos (HIV, HBsAg, HBcAb, HCV, HTLV-1/2, SÍFILIS y CHAGAS) y la determinación en simultáneo del HIV Ag/Ab combo, por ELISA de cuarta generación. Desde el sistema e-Delphyn® se codificaron y tabularon los datos. El análisis de costos se realizó considerando el tipo de cambio vigente. Resultados: De 9 560 donaciones, el 20.7 % (1977 donaciones) fueron resultados en zona gris lo que ocasionó una pérdida de 863.9 litros de sangre y 92 640 USD. HbcAb con 10.18% (973 resultados indeterminados) y anti-HIV con 0.39% (37 resultados indeterminados) fueron los resultados con mayor y menor seroprevalencia, respectivamente (p<0.05). No se encontró diferencias significativas entre los marcadores anti-HIV y HIV Ag/Ab combo (p=0.776). Conclusiones: Se demostró que >800 litros de sangre descartada generó >90 mil USD de costo por donaciones indeterminadas ocasionando un perjuicio económico al presupuesto hospitalario y una disminución del suministro de sangre disponible para el tratamiento de pacientes en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen.
Objective: To evaluate the depletion of blood supply and the cost due to indeterminate donations at Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen during 2014. Materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study and a cost-utility analysis were conducted in donations showing results in the gray zone (sample value/cutoff value between >0.85 and <1) after a serological screening of seven infectious markers (HIV, HBsAg, HBcAb, HCV, HTLV-1/2, syphilis and Chagas disease) and the simultaneous determination of the HIV Ag/Ab combo by means of a fourth generation ELISA. Data was encoded and tabulated using the e-Delphyn® system. The cost-utility analysis was performed considering the current exchange rate. Results: Out of 9,560 donations, 20.7% (1977 donations) showed results in the gray zone which caused a loss of 863.9 liters of blood and USD 92,640. The highest and lowest rate of seroprevalence were observed in HBcAb with 10.18% (973 indeterminate test results) and anti-HIV with 0.39% (47 indeterminate test results), respectively (p<0.05). No significant differences were found between the anti-HIV y HIV Ag/Ab combo screening methods (p=0.776). Conclusions: It was demonstrated that more than 800 liters of discarded blood generated a more than USD 90,000 cost due to indeterminate donations causing economic damages to the hospital budget and a depletion of blood supply available for patients at Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen.
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Objective To investigate the unquanlified screening results of blood donors′ infectious markers in this center ,de-velop a scientific blood screening policy and provide a basis for assessing the efficiency of blood screening reagent .Methods un-quanlified screening results of blood donors′ infectious markers in this center were analyzed from July 2014 to June 2015 ,and the distribution of detection reagents were also detected .Results 120 756 samples were detected in Chongqing blood center ;among 2 854 cases of unquanlified samples ,there were 768 cases of ELISA + /NAT + ,38 cases of NAT + /ELISA - 3 (111 cases NAT were i-dentified as HBV) ;unqualified specimens of anti-TP ,HBsAg ,anti-HIV ,anti-HCV were 895 ,1 012 ,276 and 444 cases respectively ;Double ELISA reagent unqualified rate were 78 .6% ,77 .3% ,30 .8% ,26 .1% respectively .The main unqualified results of NAT were HBV ,the blood donors that were reactive in only HBsAg single reagent of ELISA also reactive for HBV in differential NAT . Conclusion On the condition that comply with laws and operations specification ,the blood screening strategy of selecting once ELISA and once NAT rationally is feasible .
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Determinar la seroprevalencia de marcadores infecciosos causantes de pérdidas de hemodonaciones en el Servicio de Banco de Sangre del Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé de enero 2008 a diciembre del 2013. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, de corte transversal, descriptivo. El criterio de inclusión fue hemodonaciones completas sin complicaciones que cumplían con los criterios de calidad y normatividad del PRONAHEBAS. El análisis de datos se realizó en tres procesos básicos: codificación, tabulación y construcción de tablas y gráficos. La técnica utilizada para la verificación estadística de los resultados fue mediante el analizador estadístico SPSS versión 20.0. Resultados: Los hallazgos fueron: 4.63% para HBcAb, 1.78% para sífilis, 1.21% para HTLV I-II, y 5.31% para otros marcadores serológicos de un total de 11399 donaciones completas. La prevalencia general fue de 9.36% para todos los marcadores, lo cual ocasiono una pérdida de 1016 donaciones; 457.2 Litros de sangre y 61,893.28 USD perdidos. Las asociaciones entre marcadores infecciosos más frecuentes fueron: HBcAb con sífilis y HBsAg y los tres componentes que explican la varianza fueron asociados por cronicidad y epidemias concentradas en poblaciones, por exposición ocupacional y por relación subrogante. Conclusión: La prevalencia hallada demostró la mala calidad de donantes de sangre y el gran impacto económico por hemoderivados desechados muestran las limitaciones en la cadena de donación. Por lo que es conveniente continuar con las campañas de educación sanitaria, las buenas prácticas en medicina transfusional y la selección de donantes de sangre para prevenir las infecciones transmisibles por transfusión, aumentar el suministro de sangre sin poner en riesgo al receptor y sin nuevas donaciones, asimismo reducir el costo económico perdido por donación...
To determine the seroprevalence of infectious markers causing loss of blood donations in the Blood Bank Service in Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolome January 2008 to December 2013. Material and Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted. Inclusion criteria were donations of whole blood without complications that meet the quality criteria and standards of PRONAHEBAS. Data analysis was conducted in three basic processes: coding, tabulation and construction of tables and graphs. The technique used for the statistical verification of the results was by SPSS version 20.0 statistical analyzer. Results: The findings were 4.63% for HBcAb, 1.78% for syphilis, 1.21% for antibodies to HTLV I-II, and 5.31% for other serological markers of a total of 11399 complete donations. The overall prevalence was 9.36% for all markers which caused a loss of 1016 donations, 457.2 liters of blood, and 61893.28 USD lost. Similarly, frequent associations between infectious markers were HBcAb that of syphilis and HBsAg, and the three components explaining the variance were associated with chronicity and concentrated epidemics in populations, occupational exposure and surrogate relationship. Conclusion: The prevalence found shows the poor quality of blood donors and the high economic impact of discarded blood show the limitations of the donation chain. So it is appropriate to continue sanitary education campaigns, best practices in transfusion medicine and selection of blood donors to prevent transfusion-transmissible infections, increase the blood supply without compromising the receiver without new donations also reduce the economic cost lost by donation...
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Humans , Blood Banks , Mass Screening , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , PeruABSTRACT
Background & Objectives: To study the prevalence of HIV, HBsAg, HCV & syphilis in blood donors. Methods: The seroprevalence of HIV, HBsAg & syphilis among voluntary and replacement donors was analyzed for a period of 16 years (January 1996 to December 2011) and for HCV for a period of 10 years and 7 months (June 2001 to December 2011) at Department of Immunohaematology & Blood Transfusion, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad. In this period, a total of 2, 81,665 donors were tested, out of which, 2, 00,903 (71.3%)were replacement donors and 80,762 (28.7%)were voluntary donors. HIV, HBsAg & HCV were tested by ELISA method and syphilis by RPR method. Results: Total seropositivity was 1071(0.380%) for HIV, 2900 (1.102%) for HBsAg, 599 (0.306 %) for HCV & 1522(0.540 %) for syphilis. In replacement donors, seropositivity for HIV was 891(0.443%), HBsAg was 2299(1.144%), HCV was 437(0.330%) & syphilis was 1130(0.562%). In voluntary donors, seropositivity for HIV was 180(0.222%), HBsAg was 601(0.744%), HCV was 162(0.257%) & syphilis was 392(0.485%). Conclusion: The present study indicates that higher seroprevalence rates for HIV, HBsAg, HCV & syphilis were observed in replacement donors as compared to voluntary donors.
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OBJECTIVE To analyze the significance of serum infectious markers in different sources and investigate the prevetion strategy of nosocomial infection in clinical laboratory. METHODS The serum infectious markers(HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and syphilis antibody) were detected in outpatient,inpatient and physical check-up people from Jun 2007 to Jun 2008. RESULTS The total percentage of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV or syphilis antibody positive in outpatient,inpatient and physical check-up people was 43.30%,13.56% and 7.26%,respectively.The positive rate of HBeAg in outpatient,inpatient and physical check-up people was 12.29%,1.78% and 0.71%,respectively.The average infection rate of syphilis was 1.75% in inpatients,but in inpatients above 60 years old it could be 3.75%.Twenty-one cases were reconfirmed of HIV positive by the reconfirmation laboratory of CDC in Human Province. CONCLUSIONS The positive rates of four serum infectious markers in outpatient or inpatient are markedly higher than that in physical check-up people(? 2=10 117.6,P