ABSTRACT
The field experiment was conducted during the kharif season under the AICRP on Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment at the Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.), India. The investigation was carried out to assess the distribution of P fractions in Vertisol after the harvesting of the soybean crop. Eight treatments were imposed with four replications in a simple randomized block design. The treatments were applied in combination with different doses of fertilizer viz., T1 (50% NPK), T2 (100% NPK), T3 (150% NPK), T4 (100% N), T5 (100% NP), T6 (100% NPK+FYM), T7 (100% NPK-S), and T8 (control). Through the findings, the soil pH and electrical conductivity (dS m-1) did not show significant changes even after the long-term application of various fertilizer levels compared to their initial values. The treatment with 100% NPK + FYM exhibited the highest organic carbon (g kg-1) content and available N, P, and K (kg ha-1) content over the control. The various forms of phosphorus in the soil were observed in the following order: Ca-P > Fe-P > Al-P > Occluded-P > Saloid-P . The Ca-P content was highest when 100% NPK fertilizer and farmyard manure (FYM) were used together. The analysis showed that the presence of saloid-P significantly influences the availability of phosphorus in Vertisol soil. Based on the current investigation, it is recommended to use integrated nutrient management, which includes both 100% NPK fertilizer and FYM, to prevent phosphorus deficiency in soybean cultivation in Vertisol.
ABSTRACT
Today, with the advancement of environment pollution and health that is obtained from the improper use of inorganic fertilizer, production and use of organic fertilizer is considered as an important approach in the field of soil science in the world’s interest to investors. A research was conducted during Zaid season 2022 on central research farm of department of soil science and agricultural chemistry, (NAI) SHUATS, Prayagraj. Field trial was designed on Randomized Block Design with three replications and nine treatments. It may be concluded from the trial that the different level of NPK and FYM in the experiment gave the highest value. The best results were obtained with T9 treatment which included (N20P40K40 kg ha-1 + FYM10 t ha-1). This treatment resulted in the maximum plants height with the most leaves, no. of clusters plant-1, no. of pod cluster-1, no of pod plant-1, length of pod (cm) and highest pod yield. In contrast, the control treatment (T1) had the lowest results in all categories. The available NPK and FYM with the treatment combination of T9 (N20P40K40 kg ha-1 + FYM10 t ha-1) was found to be the best for the improvement of growth and yield of cluster bean. Therefore, farmers of Prayagraj region can adopt this combination to give the highest yield of cluster bean.
ABSTRACT
Wheat is the major staple food source worldwide. Due to the excessive use of inorganic fertilizer and unbalanced fertilization, the quality and productivity of soil, as well as the grains are reducing. So, there is a need to apply a balanced mix of organic and inorganic fertilizers to maintain a sustainable yield that helps to feed the ever-increasing population. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with 14 treatments of three replicates. The treatments were as follows: T1; control, T2; Vermicompost (VC) (2.0 t.ha-1), T3; VC (4.0 t.ha-1), T4; VC (6.0 ton.ha-1), T5; RDF (100%), T6; VC (2.0 t.ha-1 + 75% RDF), T7; VC (2.0 t.ha-1 +100% RDF), T8; VC (2.0 t.ha-1 + 125% RDF), T9; VC (4.0 t.ha-1 +75% RDF), T10 VC (4.0 t.ha-1 + 100% RDF), T11; VC (4.0 t.ha-1 + 125% RDF), T12; VC (6.0 t.ha-1 + 75% RDF), T13; VC (6.0 t.ha-1 +100% RDF), and T14; VC (6.0 t.ha-1 +125% RDF). The results revealed that the treatment T14 gave significantly better growth parameters and yield contributing characters with the highest grain and straw yield (4.38 t.ha-1 and 7.13 t/ha, respectively) compared to others. The minimum grain yield (2.74 t.ha-1) and straw yield (4.80 t.ha-1) were recorded under treatment T1 (control).
ABSTRACT
The experimentation entitled Effect of different organic manure and inorganic fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) during kharif (Rainy) season at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, and PRAYAGRAJ (UP) during 2022. Due to the heavy application of chemical and fertilizer, land and water bodies are getting polluted So, to reduce the degradation of soil, we have used combination of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications and thirteen treatment combinations. F1 Hybrid Covi Plus was selected for this study. We have found that application of 75% NPK and 25% of vermicompost respectively gave highest yield (19.57 t/ha).
ABSTRACT
Soybean called as golden beans belongs to leguminosae family. It is native of East Asia. It is rich source of protein and also an excellent source of fiber. Balanced fertilization is necessary to increase the productivity of pulses. Organic manures and formulations favor plant growth and regulation and adaptability to the surrounding environments in terms of improvement in yields and quality parameters in addition to enhanced tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Unlike, chemical fertilizer, these organic products are biodegradable, non-toxic, non-polluting and non-hazardous to humans, animal and birds. Thus, integrations of organic manure and formulations with chemical fertilizer seems to be an alternative supply for plant nutrition. Keeping the above points in view the present experiment were conducted during kharif-2020 and kharif-2021 at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, VNMKV Parbhani, to study the effect of vermicompost and organic formulations on growth and yield of soybean grown on Vertisol. The experiment was laid in factorial randomized block design with twelve treatments and three replications. Experimental treatments consist of two factors in which one factor consist of vermicompost consist of three levels C1-RDF, C2- Vermicompost eq. to RDN, C3- Vermicompost eq. to RDN + RD of vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1, another factor organic formulations consist of four levels OF0- control, OF1- Panchagavya, OF2- Beejamruth + Jeevamruth, OF3-Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya. The growth parameters like leaf area, no. of pods and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll showed significant increased with the application of RDF as compared to other treatments. Among organic formulations treatments highest value recorded in combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Pancahgavya (OF3) as compared to alone application. The significant increase in seed and straw yield was recorded in treatment receiving in treatment combination of RDF (C1) along with combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya (OF3). The result of the experiment revealed that application of RDF along with combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya was found beneficial for increase in growth and yield of soybean in Vertisol.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Growth and biological conditions of Messastrum gracile were evaluated to compare the effect of photoautotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation on the increase of biomass production and chemical conditions cultured in macrophyte and commercial culture media. The growth rate (k) of M. gracile was different in the culture media, higher in mixotrophic cultivation for Lemna minor culture medium, whilst to Eichhornia crassipes and NPK culture media were higher in photoautotrophic cultivation. Mean lipid contents in photoautotrophic cultivation were 8.2% biomass dry weight, whereas they reached 19% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Protein contents were below 48% biomass dry weight in photoautotrophic cultivation and 30% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Messastrum gracile cultured in macrophyte culture media (E. crassipes and L. minor) and NPK culture medium provided satisfactory results with regard to lipid and protein contents in mixotrophic and photoautotrophic cultivations, respectively. Lipid and protein contents in alternative media were higher or similar to the CHU12 commercial culture medium.
Resumo O crescimento e as condições biológicas da microalga Messastrum gracile foram avaliados para comparar o efeito do cultivo foto-autotrófico e mixotrófico na produção de biomassa e condições químicas em meios de cultura comercial e de macrófitas. A taxa de crescimento (k) de M. gracile foi diferente entre os meios de cultura, sendo maior no cultivo mixotrófico para o meio Lemna minor, enquanto para os meios Eichhornia crassipes e NPK foram maiores no cultivo foto-autotrófico. Os teores de lipídios no cultivo foto-autotrófico foram de 8,2% da biomassa seca, enquanto que no mixotrófico atingiram 19% da biomassa seca. Os teores de proteína em cultivo foto-autotrófico estiveram abaixo de 48% da biomassa seca e 30% de biomassa seca no cultivo mixotrófico. Messastrum gracile cultivada em meios de cultura de macrófitas (E. crassipes e L. minor) e NPK apresentaram resultados satisfatórios em relação aos teores de lipídeos e proteínas nos cultivos mixotróficos e foto-autotróficos, respectivamente. Os teores lipídicos e proteicos em meios alternativos foram maiores ou semelhantes ao meio comercial CHU12.
Subject(s)
Eichhornia , Microalgae , Chlorophyceae , Biomass , Culture MediaABSTRACT
Perilla frutescens,an annual plant in Labiatae family,is grown throughout China and can be used for medicine purposes and as food additives. The present field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the concentrations and accumulations of antioxidant components,including flavonoids and polyphenols,growth,seed yields and qualities of this plant.The main aim of this study is to provide farmers some advice for improving the yields and qualities of P. frutescens in theory and practice.Five treatments were set up,including a no fertilizer control(CK),chemical fertilizers(CF),organic fertilizers(M),organic fertilizers plus chemical fertilizers at the rates of 1 ∶1 and 1 ∶3 in terms of nitrogen(50 M,25 M). Plant growth parameters were recorded and total flavonoids and polyphenols were determined in three key growth stages of P. frutescens. At the fast growth period,samples of roots,leaves,and stems were collected for determining a total of flavonoids and polyphenols as well as DPPH removal rate of ethanol extracts. Seed yields and qualities were also recorded at harvest. The results showed fertilization enhanced growth and seed yields although no significant difference was observed in growth and seed yields in inorganic-organic fertilizer treatments. The total flavonoids,polyphenols,and DPPH removal rate of ethanol extracts followed the sequence leaves>stems>roots,indicating synthesis of these metabolites in the leaves. DPPH removal rate showed a positive linear correlation with total flavonoid and polyphenol concentrations. In addition,organic-inorganic fertilization significantly increased the numbers of both effective panicles and paniclegrains. Fertilizer treatments had no effect on seed qualities of P. frutescens,while 50 M achieved the highest yield,which increased by 14. 73% compared to CF alone. In general,50 M increased antioxidant components,biomass,and seed yield of P. frutescens,meriting advocate in cultivation.
Subject(s)
China , Fertilizers , Nitrogen , Perilla frutescens , Plant Leaves , Seeds , SoilABSTRACT
Abstract Growth and biological conditions of Messastrum gracile were evaluated to compare the effect of photoautotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation on the increase of biomass production and chemical conditions cultured in macrophyte and commercial culture media. The growth rate (k) of M. gracile was different in the culture media, higher in mixotrophic cultivation for Lemna minor culture medium, whilst to Eichhornia crassipes and NPK culture media were higher in photoautotrophic cultivation. Mean lipid contents in photoautotrophic cultivation were 8.2% biomass dry weight, whereas they reached 19% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Protein contents were below 48% biomass dry weight in photoautotrophic cultivation and 30% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Messastrum gracile cultured in macrophyte culture media (E. crassipes and L. minor) and NPK culture medium provided satisfactory results with regard to lipid and protein contents in mixotrophic and photoautotrophic cultivations, respectively. Lipid and protein contents in alternative media were higher or similar to the CHU12 commercial culture medium.
Resumo O crescimento e as condições biológicas da microalga Messastrum gracile foram avaliados para comparar o efeito do cultivo foto-autotrófico e mixotrófico na produção de biomassa e condições químicas em meios de cultura comercial e de macrófitas. A taxa de crescimento (k) de M. gracile foi diferente entre os meios de cultura, sendo maior no cultivo mixotrófico para o meio Lemna minor, enquanto para os meios Eichhornia crassipes e NPK foram maiores no cultivo foto-autotrófico. Os teores de lipídios no cultivo foto-autotrófico foram de 8,2% da biomassa seca, enquanto que no mixotrófico atingiram 19% da biomassa seca. Os teores de proteína em cultivo foto-autotrófico estiveram abaixo de 48% da biomassa seca e 30% de biomassa seca no cultivo mixotrófico. Messastrum gracile cultivada em meios de cultura de macrófitas (E. crassipes e L. minor) e NPK apresentaram resultados satisfatórios em relação aos teores de lipídeos e proteínas nos cultivos mixotróficos e foto-autotróficos, respectivamente. Os teores lipídicos e proteicos em meios alternativos foram maiores ou semelhantes ao meio comercial CHU12.