Development of Discharge Planning Instruments Based on Patient Family-Centered Care in the COVID-19 Inpatient Room, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya

@#Introduction: The current era of the COVID-19 pandemic requires innovation in the provision of discharge planning by involving family members through the media safely and effectively. This study aimed to develop a discharge planning instrument based on patient family-centered care. Method: Research design Research and Development. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 110 medical record documents, 23 focus group discussion participants, and 2 experts (expert consultation). Data were collected through observation sheets, focus group discussions, and expert consultations. Data analysis using descriptive analysis, and validity test using I-CVI. Results: Development of a patient family centered care-based discharge planning instrument at the beginning of the patient’s admission (admission), namely sorting and adding assessment items to the level of knowledge of the disease, information and education needs, values, and beliefs, cultural background as well as physical and psychological. During treatment, namely arranging and sorting discharge planning items, providing information and education according to the assessment results using a media approach and the method according to the COVID-19 pandemic protocol. Towards home that is adding items; readiness or environmental conditions (environment), referral plans (Outpatient referral), and continued treatment while at home (Medication). Conclusion: The developed instrument tested is valid. As a result of this development, the new instrument can be tested and applied, and researched in the next stage on the outcomes of patient family-centered care.

Development and characteristics of automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device / 中国针灸

An automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device was developed, which could keep relatively constant temperature of heat-sensitive moxibustion, and realize the automatic ignition and automatic ash removal of moxa sticks during heat-sensitive moxibustion. The automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device comprises a bracket and a moxibustion box fixed on the top of the bracket; the bracket is composed of a base and a movable telescopic arm. This device can solve the problems of temperature instability, moxa ash blocking heat transfer and moxa ash falling during heat-sensitive moxibustion, avoiding the scalding caused by moxa ash falling, and reduce the workload of medical staff.

Design and application of a new type of fascia stretching cup / 中国针灸

In order to comprehensively stretch human fascia, adjust the biomechanical balance of fascia system and promote the recovery of physiological function of fascia, a new type of fascia stretching cup is designed. This design is composed of two or more silica gel cups and elastic stretching belts between cups. The bottom surface of the silica gel cup has an annular exhaust groove, which can increase the adsorption capacity of the cup to the skin. In the meanwhile, a removable magnet is placed in the groove at the top of each silica gel cup to assist analgesia. This design is suitable for the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic tendon and bone diseases with imbalance of meridians and tendons.

Development and application of a moxibustion instrument with multi-jointed manipulator / 中国针灸

In view of the limitations of the existing moxibustion instruments, i.e. possible accidental injury when using moxibustion instruments, the negative effects of products from moxibustion instruments on treatment efficacy and health of medical staff and patients, a moxibustion instrument with multi-jointed manipulator is designed. This moxibustion instrument could accurately control the temperature, maintain a safe moxibustion distance, automatically process the burning ashes of moxa and selectively handle moxa smoke. The experimental results shows that this instrument could maintain the constant temperature of target acupoint, reduce the risk of empyrosis, and reasonably deal with the products of moxibustion. The purification rate of moxa smoke is 44.9%, which not only ensures the therapeutic effect of moxa smoke, but also reduces the negative effects of high-concentration moxa smoke on the health of medical staff and patients.

Intra and Inter-psyche Conflicts and Analysis of Symptoms of Jinn Possession

@#Introduction: A jinn possession model from the Islamic epistemology is discussed and its role in causing inter-psyche and intra-psyche conflicts. An analysis of the symptoms of jinn possession can also help differentiate jinn possession from mental disorders. Methods: An analysis of 34 symptoms of jinn possession, derived from symptoms used by globally established ruqyah experts, was conducted using quantitative approach. Out of the 1088 participants, 530 were diagnosed as having jinn possession. Their symptoms were analysed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with Principal Component extraction method and Varimax rotation. Results: Some cases of mental health disorders can also be diagnosed as jinn possession according to ruqyah practitioners. The EFA analysis of the symptoms extracted 6 factors associated with jinn possession i.e. “abnormal thoughts”, “faith delusion”, “scary dreams”, “sleep disturbances”, “low mood” and “hallucinations”. Conclusion: Some mental disorders may also be cases of jinn possession. Jinn possession refers to any disorder with an underlying jinn possession factor. “Faith delusion” can be used to distinguish jinn possession from mental disorders. The findings can act as a foundation for the development of a model for jinn possession that will lead to the development of an instrument for the diagnosis of jinn possession

Design and application of spectacle frame for eye moxibustion / 中国针灸

The new style spectacle frame for eye moxibustion is designed, which is characterized by adjustable direction, constant temperature and smoke absorption. Combined with mechanical structure design and physical and chemical technology, a new style of moxibustion spectacle frame is designed by means of spring mechanism, damping bearing, filter cotton, etc. The moxibustion spectacle frame includes the right and left eye frames, spectacle legs, nose mask, eye mask, slide rod, screw rod, spring structure, damping bearing, support rod and pin. The eye mask can prevent from the risks induced by the burning moxa stick. A ventilate hole is designed in the lower part of the nose mask to keep breathing unobstructed. In the upper end of the ventilate hole, a filter cotton is placed to prevent from moxa smoke penetrating to the nasal cavity. The spring structure can keep relatively the fixed distance between the combustion area and the acupoints. Such device ensures the safety of eye moxibustion, reduces the complexity of operation and is suitable for moxibustion treatment for all kinds of eye diseases.

Adopción del rol del cuidador familiar del paciente crónico: una herramienta para valorar la transición

La progresión de la enfermedad crónica en las personas que la padecen ha permitido el surgimiento de los cuidadores familiares como una forma de cuidado natural de los seres humanos. Esta labor es invisible, difícil y en algunos casos gratificante para un sujeto que adopta un rol. Objetivo: Desarrollar un instrumento que permita medir el constructo de adopción del rol de cuidador familiar de una persona con enfermedad crónica. Materiales y método: Se desarrolló en fases de revisión de literatura, establecimiento de bases conceptuales y desarrollo de ítems. Resultados: Se integraron dos investigaciones realizadas entre 2007 y 2012, se contrastaron los hallazgos con la teoría de transiciones de Meleis A y se construyeron 22 ítems del instrumento ROL (Labores, Organización y Respuestas ante el Rol). Conclusiones: Se debe continuar las fases de validez y confiabilidad del instrumento para mostrar solidez teórica.

The progression of chronic disease in people who suffer from it has allowed family caregivers emerge as a form of natural care for human beings. However, this work is invisible, difficult and in some cases rewarding for a person who takes this role. Objective: To develop an instrument that allows to measure the construct of adoption of the family caregiver role of a person with chronic disease. Materials and method: It was developed in phases of literature review, conceptual bases establishment and description of items. Results: Two research which were carried out between 2007 and 2012 were integrated, the findings were contrasted with the transitions theory of Meleis A, and 22 items of the ROL instrument (Work, Organization and Responses before the Role) were constructed. Conclusions: The validity and reliability phases of the instrument must be continued in order to show theoretical solidity.

A progressão da doença crônica em pessoas que sofrem com ela tem permitido o surgimento de cuidadores familiares como forma de cuidado natural do ser humano. No entanto, este trabalho é invisível, difícil e, em alguns casos, recompensador para um sujeito que assume um papel. Objetivo: Desenvolver um instrumento que permita medir o construto de adoção do papel de cuidador familiar de uma pessoa com doença crônica. Materiais e método: Foi desenvolvido em fases de revisão de literatura, estabelecimento de bases conceituais e desenvolvimento de itens. Resultados: Duas investigações realizadas entre 2007 e 2012 foram integradas, os resultados foram contrastados com a teoria de transições de Meleis A. e 22 itens do instrumento de ROL (Trabalho, Organização e Respostas ao papel) foram construídos. Conclusões: As fases de validade e confiabilidade do instrumento devem ser continuadas para mostrar solidez teórica.

Development and application of new-type digital electric plum-blossom needle instrument / 中国针灸

A new-type digital electric plum-blossom needle instrument of controllable and adjustable parameters was developed to achieve an automatic tapping instead of manual tapping technique and integrate the function of plum-blossom needle with that of micropulse electrical phase. The alternating current of periodic variation changes the direction of magnetic field around, induces the vibration of the cone head and tapping movement, outputs the micropulse current and acts on the affected area in treatment. The new-type digital electric plum-blossom needle instrument achieves the automatic tapping movement, precisely adjusts the stimulating strength and frequency according to diseases and integrates the tapping stimulation with pulse current to form circulation loop on the skin and intensify the therapeutic effects. This instrument is the big innovation of traditional plum-blossom needle. It is not only applicable for clinical treatment or family healthcare, but also for scientific research with the adoptable digital therapeutic parameters, which benefits the application and development of plum-blossom needle therapy.

Development of the Brazilian version of the Child Hayling Test / Desenvolvimento da versão brasileira do Teste Hayling Infantil

Abstract Introduction: The Hayling Test assesses the components of initiation, inhibition, cognitive flexibility and verbal speed by means of a sentence completion task. This study presents the process of developing the Brazilian version of the Child Hayling Test (CHT) and reports evidence of its content validity. Methods: 139 people took part in the study. The adaptation was performed by seven translators and 12 specialist judges. An initial sample of 92 healthy children was recruited to test a selection of sentences adapted from previous adult and pediatric versions of the instrument, and a sample of 28 healthy children was recruited for pilot testing of the final version. The instrument was developed in seven stages: 1) translation, 2) back-translation, 3) comparison of translated versions, 4) preparation of new stimuli, 5) data collection with healthy children to analyze comprehension of the stimuli and analyses by the authors against the psycholinguistic criteria adopted, 6) analyses conducted by judges who are specialists in neuropsychology or linguistics, and 7) the pilot study. Results: Twenty-four of the 72 sentences constructed were selected on the basis of 70-100% agreement between judges evaluating what they assessed and level of comprehensibility. The pilot study revealed better performance by older children, providing evidence of the instrument's sensitivity to developmental factors. Conclusions: Future studies employing this version of CHT with clinical pediatric populations who have frontal lesions and dysfunctions and in related areas are needed to test functional and differential diagnoses of preserved or impaired executive functions.

Resumo Introdução: O Teste Hayling avalia os componentes iniciação, controle inibitório, flexibilidade cognitiva e velocidade verbal por meio de uma tarefa de completar frases. Este estudo apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento do Teste Hayling Infantil (THI) em português brasileiro, bem como evidências de validade de seu conteúdo. Métodos: Participaram 139 sujeitos: A adaptação foi realizada por sete tradutores e 12 juízes especialistas. Uma amostra inicial de 92 crianças saudáveis foi recrutada para testar uma seleção de sentenças adaptadas de versões anteriores para adultos e crianças, e uma amostra de 28 crianças saudáveis foi recrutada para testar a versão final num estudo piloto. Sete etapas foram conduzidas: 1) tradução, 2) retrotradução, 3) comparação entre versões traduzidas, 4) desenvolvimento de novos estímulos, 5) coleta com crianças saudáveis para análise da compreensão dos estímulos e análise dos autores quanto aos critérios psicolinguísticos, 6) análise de juízes especialistas em neuropsicologia e linguística, e 7) estudo piloto. Resultados: Das 72 frases construídas, selecionaram-se 24 que tiveram concordância de 70 a 100% entre juízes quanto aos construtos que avaliam e quanto ao grau de compreensibilidade. O estudo piloto revelou melhor desempenho nas crianças mais velhas, dando indícios da sensibilidade do instrumento aos fatores desenvolvimentais. Conclusões: Estudos futuros que utilizem esta versão do THI em populações clínicas infantis que apresentem lesões e disfunções frontais e em áreas relacionadas tornam-se necessários para fins de diagnóstico funcional e diferencial de dificuldades executivas preservadas ou afetadas.

The development of the parental feeding behaviours questionnaire for Indonesian parents with toddlers: preliminary result.

Background: An accurate assessment of parents feeding behaviors is needed to determine current feeding behaviors of parents that are closely associated with the fulfillment of their toddlers’ nutritional needs. This study aims to develop an instrument, the Parental Feeding Behaviors Questionnaire (PFBQ), for measuring feeding behaviors of Indonesian parents with toddlers. Methods: An initial seventy-item instrument was developed after a comprehensive literature review which was submitted to be reviewed by six experts to evaluate the content validity of the PFBQ. The pre-test study was conducted by a convenience sampling of 30 parents who have toddlers both in urban and rural area in Yogyakarta, Indonesian for the first draft of 80-item instrument. Initial item analysis was measured using inter-item correlation, inter-total correlation and Cronbach’ s alpha. Results: The PFBQ is the ways that Indonesian parents do that consist of three dimensions which are to provide healthy food, provide pleasant eating environment for their toddlers, as well as enhance the toddlers’ good eating behaviors. The score of the Content Validity Index of the PFBQ is I-CVI (.83-1.00) and S-CVI (.98). Most of the items have acceptable inter-item correlation value (>.3). There are 56 items that are correlated with the total scores which range .30 to .62. The value of Cronbach’s alpha is .94. Conclusions: The PFBQ shows initial reliability and validity to assess the parental feeding behaviours for their toddlers. However, further testing is needed to test construct validity and reliability with a large sample for the improvement of the instrument.

Eficácia coletiva de professores: evidências de validade de construto de um questionário / Teachers' collective efficacy: Construct validity evidence of a questionnaire / Eficacia colectiva de profesores: evidencias de validez de constructo de un cuestionario

O presente artigo descreve a construção e o levantamento de evidências de validade de construto de um instrumento brasileiro para medir a eficácia coletiva de professores. Elaboraram-se 22 itens, em forma de escala tipo Likert de cinco pontos, que contemplam situações e desafios do cotidiano das escolas. Nesses itens, cada professor deveria julgar a atitude do conjunto de professores de sua escola para superar esses desafios. Participaram do estudo 229 professores, de diversos níveis de escolaridade, em vários municípios brasileiros. Uma análise pelos componentes principais e rotação varimax, assumido o valor próprio de 2,0 como critério, revelou estrutura unifatorial que explica 51,26% da variância dos itens. Verificou-se também o alto nível de consistência interna da escala, estimada pelo alfa de Cronbach (α=0,95). São necessárias novas pesquisas sobre a aplicação do questionário em estudos nacionais...

This paper describes the construction process and assessment of construct validity evidence of a Brazilian teachers’ collective efficacy instrument. The questionnaire is comprised of a set of twenty-two 5-point Likert scale items that contemplate situations and challenges within the daily routine at schools in which each teacher was required to mark how much he/she believes the teachers as a group were prepared to face said challenges successfully. The sample was composed of 229 teachers from diverse grade levels and geographic regions throughout Brazil. An analysis of principal components followed by a varimax rotation (assuming the actual value of 2.0 as a criterion), revealed a single factor structure which explained 51.26% of the items’ variance. Internal consistency of the scale, estimated by Cronbach’s alpha, was high (α=0.95). Further research and applications of the questionnaire in national educational studies are recommended...

Este artículo describe el proceso de construcción y levantamiento de evidencias de validez de constructo de un instrumento brasileño para medir la eficacia colectiva de profesores. Fueron elaborados 22 ítems, en forma de escala Likert de 5 puntos, que contemplan situaciones y desafíos del cotidiano de las escuelas en los que el profesor debería marcar lo cuanto juzga que el conjunto de profesores de su escuela es capaz de hacer frente a esos desafíos. Participaron del estudio 229 profesores y profesoras, de niveles distintos de escolaridad, en varios munici-pios brasileños. Un análisis de los componentes principales y rotación varimax, asumiendo el valor propio de 2,0 como criterio, reveló una estructura unifactorial que explica 51,26% de la varianza de los ítems. Fue verificado también el alto nivel de consistencia interna de la escala, estimada por el alfa de Cronbach (α=0,95). Se sugieren nuevas investigaciones, así como aplicaciones del cuestionario en estudios nacionales...

Estudo da estrutura interna do Teste de Inteligência - TI / Internal structure of the TI - Teste de Inteligência / Estudio de la estructura interna del Teste de Inteligência - TI

O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a estrutura interna do Teste de Inteligência -TI, por meio da Análise Fatorial Exploratória - AFE e Confirmatória - AFC. A amostra para a pesquisa se constituiu em 2.163 sujeitos, sendo 1.013 para o estudo da AFE e 1150 para a AFC. Em ambos os casos os sujeitos foram maiores de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, e com escolaridade variando de ensino fundamental incompleto até o ensino superior completo. Inicialmente fez-se a AFE, que sugeriu a presença de dois fatores, o primeiro englobando os itens 18 a 30 e o segundo formado pelos itens de 1 a 17, mas que se correlacionaram de forma positiva e moderada. Diante desse resultado aplicou-se a AFC, que também mostrou o modelo com dois fatores como sendo o mais ajustado. Apesar dos resultados apontarem para uma estrutura bidimensional, mais estudos são necessários para melhor compreensão dos fatores...

This study aimed at verifying the internal structure of the Intelligence Test - TI using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The sample was composed of 2163 subjects, 1013 of those to the EFA study and 1150 to CFA. In both cases, the subjects were over 18 years old, both males and females, with school level ranging from elementary school to college. Initially an EFA was run and suggested two factors, the first one including items 18 to 30, and the second one including items 1 to 17, but with a moderate and positive correlation between factors. After this result, the AFC was run, which also suggested a two-factor model as the most adequate. Despite results showing a bi-dimensional structure, more studies are necessary for a better understand the internal structure of the TI...

El objetivo del trabajo fue verificar la estructura interna del Teste de Inteligência - TI, a través del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio -AFE y Confirmatorio - AFC. La muestra de la investigación se constituyó por 2163 sujetos, siendo 1013 para el estudio del AFE y 1150 para el AFC. En los dos casos los sujetos eran mayores de 18 años, ambos sexos, y con escolaridad variando desde la educación primaria incompleta hasta la enseñanza superior completa. Inicialmente se realizó el AFE, que sugirió la presencia de dos factores, el primero incluyendo los ítems 18 a 30 y el segundo formado por los ítems de 1 a 17, pero que presentaron una correlación positiva y moderada. Frente a ese resultado se aplicó el AFC, que también mostró que el modelo con dos factores fue el más ajustado. Pese a que los resultados apuntan para la existencia de una estructura bidimensional, más estudios son necesarios para entender mejor esos factores...

Development and Validity of Workplace Bullying in Nursing-Type Inventory (WPBN-TI)

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to assess bullying of nurses, and test the validity and reliability of the instrument. METHODS: The initial thirty items of WPBN-TI were identified through a review of the literature on types bullying related to nursing and in-depth interviews with 14 nurses who experienced bullying at work. Sixteen items were developed through 2 content validity tests by 9 experts and 10 nurses. The final WPBN-TI instrument was evaluated by 458 nurses from five general hospitals in the Incheon metropolitan area. SPSS 18.0 program was used to assess the instrument based on internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity. RESULTS: WPBN-TI consisted of 16 items with three distinct factors (verbal and nonverbal bullying, work-related bullying, and external threats), which explained 60.3% of the total variance. The convergent validity and determinant validity for WPBN-TI were 100.0%, 89.7%, respectively. Known-groups validity of WPBN-TI was proven through the mean difference between subjective perception of bullying. The satisfied criterion validity for WPBN-TI was more than .70. The reliability of WPBN-TI was Cronbach's alpha of .91. CONCLUSIONS: WPBN-TI with high validity and reliability is suitable to determine types of bullying in nursing workplace.

Development and evaluation of psychometric properties of an inventory of teachers' perceptions on socio-emotional needs / Desenvolvimento e avaliação das características psicométricas do inventário de avaliação das percepções dos professores acerca das necessidades ao nível da promoção de competências sociais e emocionais

The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of an assessment instrument on teachers' perceptions regarding the development of socio-emotional skills. Results revealed a consistent four-factor structure (School/teachers' needs for socio-emotional skills promotion; Needs regarding teaching-learning process; Difficulties in dealing with students' socio-emotional deficits, Socio-emotional needs related to teacher's initial training) with internal consistency values above .79. Confirmatory analyses revealed a good fit of the model to the data. Teachers reported having more needs at the school/ teachers conditions for the promotion of social and emotional needs, and less needs at the level of their Teachers' initial training. The instrument also showed to be sensitive in capturing teachers' perception of schooling social and emotional needs in terms of teachers' gender, pedagogic group and school level.

O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características psicométricas de um instrumento de avaliação das percepções dos professores acerca das suas necessidades na promoção das competências sociais e emocionais. Os resultados revelaram uma estrutura de quatro factores (Necessidades ao nível da escola/professor, necessidades ao nível do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, Dificuldades em lidar com défices sócio-emocionais dos alunos e Necessidades ao nível da formação inicial), com valores de consistência interna acima de 0,79. As análises confirmatórias revelaram bom ajustamento do modelo aos dados. Os professores revelaram sentir maiores dificuldades ao nível das condições da escola/ professores e menores ao nível da formação inicial. O instrumento revelou-se também sensível às diferenças de percepções em termos do género, grupo pedagógico, e nível de ensino.

Validation of the Jamaican maternal sexual role modelling questionnaire / Validación del cuestionario sobre la modelación del rol sexual materno en Jamaica

OBJECTIVE: Urban Jamaican adolescent girls face significant risk for sexually transmitted infections including HIV. Studies from the United States of America have found that parents influence adolescents' sexual risk attitudes and behaviours through parent-child sexual communication and monitoring/ supervision. Data from an ongoing mother-daughter HIV risk reduction intervention study in Kingston, Jamaica identified an additional influence of adolescent girls' sexual risk - maternal sexual role modelling (MSRM). As no reliable and valid questionnaires existed to measure MSRM, one was developed. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Jamaican Maternal Sexual Role Modelling questionnaire. METHOD: Data were collected from 209 Jamaican female adolescents recruited from Kingston, St Andrew and St Catherine parishes. RESULTS: The final 19-item Jamaican MSRM questionnaire was found to have excellent internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Content validity expert ratings and modified kappa statistics were all 1.0. Principal component analysis identified a three-factor structure that accounted for 53.7% of the variance. Greater MSRM scale scores, indicating more positive and protective maternal sexual role modelling, were associated with less sexual experience, lower intentions to have sex, greater intentions to use condoms if having sex and greater condom use self-efficacy among adolescent girls. CONCLUSION: The MSRM scale was found to be a reliable and valid measure of Jamaican adolescent females' perceptions of their mothers' sexual role modelling. Further research is needed to assess the reliability and validity of the instrument with other populations.

OBJETIVO: Las jóvenes adolescentes urbanas de Jamaica, enfrentan un riesgo significativo de infecciones de trasmisión sexual, incluyendo el VIH. Estudios de los Estados Unidos de América han encontrado que los padres influyen en las conductas y actitudes de riesgo sexual de los adolescentes a través de la comunicación entre padres e hijos sobre asuntos de sexo, acompañada de supervisión y monitoreo. Datos obtenidos a partir de un estudio de intervención que se desarrolla actualmente en Kingston, Jamaica, para reducir el riesgo de VIH madre-hija, identificaron una influencia adicional de riesgo sexual entre las adolescentes: la modelación del rol sexual materno (MRSM). Como que no existían cuestionarios válidos y fiables para medir la MRSM, se desarrolló uno a propósito de este trabajo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de la modelación del rol sexual materno jamaicano. MÉTODO: Se recopilaron datos de 209 adolescentes jamaicanas reclutadas en los distritos de Kingston, St Andrew y St Catherine. RESULTADOS: Se halló que el cuestionario final MRSM jamaicano de 19 ítems poseía excelente fiabilidad interna (alfa de Cronbach = 0.89). Las valoraciones (ratings) de los expertos con respecto a la validez del contenido, así como las estadísticas Kappa modificadas, fueron todas 1.0. El análisis del componente principal identificó una estructura de tres factores que daba cuenta del 53.7% de la varianza. Mayores puntuaciones de la escala MRSM, que indicaban una modelación del rol sexual materno más positiva y protectora, estuvieron asociadas con menor experiencia sexual, menos intenciones de tener sexo, más intenciones de usar condón a la hora de mantener relaciones sexuales, y mayor auto-eficacia en el uso de condón entre las adolescentes. CONCLUSIÓN: Se halló que la escala MRSM es fiable y constituye una medida válida de las percepciones que las adolescentes jamaicanas tienen en relación con la modelación del rol sexual de sus madres. Se necesita continuar las investigaciones a fin de evaluar la fiabilidad y validez del instrumento con otras poblaciones.

O estágio na formação de professores: validação da versão reduzida do Inventário de Vivências e percepções do estágio / The practicum in initial teacher education: validation of the short version of the Inventory of Experiencies and Perceptions the teaching practice

No presente trabalho é apresentado o processo de validação da versão reduzida do Inventário de Vivências e Percepções do Estágio - versão para a formação de professores (Caires, Almeida & Vieira, 2009), uma escala de auto-relato construída com o objectivo de avaliar - na perspectiva do formando - os aspectos mais relevantes do seu estágio, uma experiência ocorrida no final do curso e correspondendo à estreia na docência. O Inventário foi aplicado a uma amostra de 295 estagiários, por via postal, um mês antes da conclusão do estágio. A versão reduzida é constituída por 28 itens, distribuídos por quatro factores, explicando 49 por cento da variância total dos itens: Aprendizagem e supervisão (10 itens); Impacto físico e emocional (6 itens); Socialização e adaptação à instituição (6 itens); e Aspectos vocacionais (6 itens). O instrumento foi submetido a análise factorial confirmatória no programa EQS (versão 6.1) e os resultados evidenciam índices de ajustamento satisfatórios.

The aim of this study is to assess, through confirmatory factor analysis, the psychometric characteristics of the short version of the Inventory of Experiences and Perceptions of the Teaching Practice. This self-report measure evaluates - according to the student teacher’s perspective - the most significant aspects of the practicum, an experience that takes place by the end of the course and corresponding to the first teaching contact. Two hundred and ninety five student teachers participated in this study. This short version is composed of 28 items, explaining 49 percent of the total variance and distributed among four factors: Learning and supervision (10 items); Emotional and physical impact (6 items); Professional and institutional socialization (6 items); and, Vocational aspects (6 items). This instrument was submitted to confirmatory factor analysis and the results presented satisfactory adjustment indexes.

Escala de evaluación parental (EEP): desarrollo, propiedades psicométricas y aplicaciones / Parental evaluation scale (EEP): development, psychometric properties and applications

La Escala de Evaluación Parental (EEP) es una medición autoadministrada para evaluar la satisfacción y sentimientos de autoeficacia respecto a la maternidad en mujeres con niños entre 0 y 2 años de edad. La EEP se compuso inicialmente de 20 ítems, los cuales fueron chequeados en 100 madres chilenas con hijos menores a 2 años. Se realizaron análisis de la validez de contenido de la escala y análisis discriminativo de los ítems. Los análisis demostraron una adecuada consistencia interna y el análisis factorial arrojó dos factores, que explican el 635 de la varianza. La versión final de la EEP considera 10 ítems y entrega un puntaje global de la autoeficacia materna en madres de infantes. Las evaluaciones preliminares de las propiedades psicométricas de la escala resultaron satisfactorias, pero requiere de posteriores análisis.

The Parental Evaluation Scale is a self-administered measure to assess satisfaction and self-efficacy feelings about motherhood in women with children aged 0-2 years. The EEP was initially composed of 20 items and was tested on 100 Chilean mothers with infants less that 12 months old. Contentvalidity analysis and discriminative analysis of the items was performed.The test demonstrated adequate internal consistency and factor analysisshowed two factors that explain the 63% of variance. The final version ofthe EEP has 10 items and gives a global score of the maternal self-efficacyin infants’ mothers. This preliminary test for the psychometric properties was acceptable; however, further analysis is suggested.

Stigma scale of epilepsy: validation process

PURPOSE: To validate a Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE). METHODS: The SSE was completed by 40 adult with epilepsy attending an Outpatient Epilepsy Clinic at the University Hospital of UNICAMP, and by 40 people from the community. People were interviewed on an individual basis; a psychologist read the questions to the subjects who wrote the answers in a sheet. The procedure was the same for all the subjects and completion took around ten minutes. RESULTS: The SSE has 24 items. The internal consistency of the SSE showed alpha CronbachÆs coefficient 0.88 for the patients with epilepsy and 0.81 for the community. The overall mean scores of the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy formula were: 46 (SD=18.22) for patients and 49 (SD=13.25) for the community where a score of 0 would suggest no stigma, and 100 maximum stigma. DISCUSSION: The SSE has satisfactory content validity and high internal consistency. It allows the quantification of the perception of stigma by patients and people from community; this can then be used for interventional studies, such as mass media campaign in minimizing the negative facets of stigma.

OBJETIVO: Validar a Escala de Estigma na Epilepsia (EEE). MÉTODO: A EEE foi aplicada em 40 pacientes adultos com o diagnóstico de Epilepsia do Ambulatório de Epilepsia do HC/Unicamp e em 40 pessoas da comunidade em geral. Os sujeitos foram entrevistados individualmente pelas psicólogas, que foram lendo as questões e anotando as respostas na escala. As condições de aplicação foram as mesmas e a aplicação durou cerca de 10 minutos. RESULTADOS: A EEE possui 24 itens. A consistência interna da EEE mostrou alfa de Cronbach, de 0,88 para os pacientes com epilepsia e 0,81 para a comunidade. As médias do valor geral de estigma obtido com a fórmula da EEE foram: 46 (DP=18,22) para os pacientes e 49 (DP=13,25) para a comunidade. DISCUSSÃO: A EEE possui uma satisfatória validade e alta consistência interna. Isso permite uma quantificação da percepção de estigma da epilepsia na comunidade em geral, que pode ser utilizada para estudos interventivos, como campanhas na mídia, para minimizar as facetas negativas do estigma na sociedade.

Development of a Questionnaire to Measure Family Stress among Married Working Women / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: Even though a number of studies have suggested that appropriate measuring instruments of family stress for working women have to be developed, the validity and reliability of the instruments used have not been consistently examined. The purpose of the present study was to develop a sensitive instrument to measure family stress for married working women, and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. METHOD: The items generated for this instrument were drawn from a comprehensive literature review. Twenty four items were developed through evaluation by 10 experts and twenty one items were finally confirmed through item analysis. Psychometric testing was preformed and confirmed with a convenient sample of 240 women employed in the industrial sector. RESULT: Four factors evolved by factor analysis, which explained 50.5% of the total variance. The first factor 'Cooperation' explained 28.1%, 2nd factor 'Satisfaction with relationships' 10.6%, 3rd factor 'Democratic and comfortable environment' 6.3%, and 4th factor 'Disturbance of own living' 5.5%. Cronbach's coefficient of this instrument was 0.86. CONCLUSION: The study supports the validity and reliability of the instrument.

Validity and Reliability of an Instrument for Predictive Nursing Intention for SARS Patient Care / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to develop and test validity and reliability of on instrument for predicting nursing intention for SARS patient care. METHOD: The psychometric properties of a SARS patient care attrition prediction tool, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, were examined in this study. The Three-phase design involved a) salient beliefs generated from clinical nurses (n=43) b) content validation by expert panel evaluations(n=5) c) face validation by plot testing (n=10) d) and instrument validation in a cross sectional survey (n=299). Psychometric analysis of survey data provided empirical evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the instrument. RESULT: Principal component analysis verified the hypothesized 6-factor solution, explaining 68.2% of variance, and Alpha coefficients of .7538 to .9389 indicated a high internal consistency of the instrument. CONCLUSION: The instrument can be used by nurse administrators and researcher to assess clinical nurses' salient beliefs about caring for SARS patients, guide tailored intervention strategies to effective caring, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.