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ObjectiveBased on the new method of animal model evaluation， this paper summarized and analyzed the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） and Western medicine syndromes in existing autism spectrum disorder（ASD） animal models， and put forward suggestions for improvement. MethodRelevant literature on ASD animal models in China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） and PubMed were searched. According to the diagnostic standards of traditional Chinese and western medicine， core symptoms and accompanying symptoms were assigned values， and the clinical consistency of the models was comprehensively evaluated. ResultMost ASD model experimental animals were rodents， and the modeling methods included genetic and non-genetic. Domestic research focused on biochemical induction， while foreign research used genetic models more commonly. Among all models， valproic acid induction had the highest clinical consistency， followed by the neuroligin 4（NLGN4） and contactin associated protein like 2（CNTNAP2） gene knockout models. Most modeling methods could meet the characteristics of surface validity and structural validity， but did not clearly distinguish TCM syndromes. Currently， there is no model that has a high degree of clinical agreement between TCM and western medicine at the same time. ConclusionThe existing ASD animal models are mostly constructed under the guidance of western medicine， which lacks the characteristics of TCM syndromes. And the selection of evaluation indicators of western medicine is relatively single， without specifying the types of TCM syndromes. It is recommended to apply TCM intervention factors during the process of model preparation， to improve the evaluation indicators of traditional Chinese and western medicine， and to emphasize the study of on non-human primates， so as to lay a solid foundation for future experiments.
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The morphologic examination of hematologic diseases, mainly by bone marrow smear and/or blood smear needs to keep pace with the times. Several morphological methods need to be optimized and complemented. The joint examination of bone marrow smear, blood smear, bone marrow biopsy imprint and bone marrow section is a relatively complete integrated mode. Together with the meaningful new morphological test items, the reliable diagnosis of morphology can be significantly improved. At the same time, it is also necessary to expand and deepen the diagnostic thinking, integrate clinical, immunophenotype and genetic thinking, and take diagnostic evidence and rules as the criterion, which was the main theme of modern morphological inspection and diagnosis.
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Essential oils(EOs) from Chinese medicinals, which can be used as adjuvants and exert certain therapeutic effect, are directly used in Chinese medicine formulas. Conventional research strategy for EOs from Chinese medicinals is to compare the efficacy of the prescriptions before and after the addition of EOs, and the penetration-enhancing mechanisms of EOs remain unclear. In modern research on EOs from Chinese medicinals, the method for studying chemical penetration enhancers is often used, which fails to reflect the overall efficacy of EOs. This study clarified the property regularity of EOs from Chinese medicinals as transdermal penetration enhancers, and thereby proposed a research model which integrated the medicinal and adjuvant properties of EOs from Chinese medicinals via "component-delivery-effect" characterization route. The core concept is that constituents of EOs from Chinese medicinals and their delivery process play a key role in their external application. This research model is expected to serve as a reference for further research on EOs from Chinese medicinals for transdermal application.
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Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic , Administration, Cutaneous , China , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Oils, Volatile/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: las estrategias y didácticas pedagógicas, se deberán convertir en principales motivantes para el desarrollo de las competencias que se esperan obtener del profesional en ingeniería. Objetivo: ejecutar prototipo de estrategia pedagógica, PICUR (Proyecto Integrador de la Corporación Universitaria Remington), que permita la integralidad de diferentes procesos de formación, para el logro de competencias transversales, específicas y multidisciplinares, que, desde la automotivación, innovación, investigación y creatividad, permitan dar soluciones a situaciones reales en diversos contextos. Materiales y métodos: para alcanzar la meta se propició la generación de condiciones iniciales, para la aplicación de PICUR en relación con recursos físicos, talento humano, actividades, tiempos y espacios, siendo necesario socializar la estrategia con diferentes actores, suministrando parámetros necesarios para su aplicación con el apoyo de guía de trabajo previamente elaborada. De igual forma se generó banco de ideas, para que los equipos de trabajo pudiesen tener acceso a estas para el desarrollo de los proyectos, acorde al nivel de competencias. Resultados: de la aplicación del prototipo PICUR y su respectiva evaluación, se obtuvo hallazgos como: importancia del trabajo en equipo, solución de retos aplicando software para beneficio social, integración de teoría y práctica, entre otros, que impactan positivamente el proceso de formación del ingeniero. Conclusiones: PICUR, como estrategia pedagógica, aplicable a cualquier pregrado, se plantea como una alternativa que permite la dinamización de los procesos académicos, donde el estudiante aparece como actor principal, con capacidad de desarrollar recursos para su autoformación y autoaprendizaje que lo proyectan a la generación de nuevo conocimiento.
Abstract Introduction: the pedagogical strategies and didactics must become the main motivators for the development of the competences that are expected to be obtained from the engineering professional. Objective: execute a prototype of the pedagogical strategy, PICUR (Integrative Project of the Remington University Corporation), which allows the integration of different training processes, for the achievement of transversal, specific and multidisciplinary competences, which from self-motivation, innovation, research and creativity , allow solutions to real situations in various contexts. Materials and methods: to achieve the goal, the generation of initial conditions was propitiated, for the application of PICUR in relation to physical resources, human talent, activities, times and spaces, being necessary to socialize the strategy with different actors, providing necessary parameters for its application with the support of previously developed work guide. In the same way, an idea bank was generated, so that the work teams could have access to them for the development of projects, according to the level of competencies. Results: from the application of the PICUR prototype and its respective evaluation, findings were obtained such as: importance of teamwork, solving challenges by applying software for social benefit, integration of theory and practice, among others, that positively impact the training process of the engineer. Conclusions: PICUR, as a pedagogical strategy, applicable to any undergraduate, is proposed as an alternative that allows the dynamization of academic processes, where the student appears as the main actor, with the ability to develop resources for self-training and self-learning that project him to the generation of new knowledge.
Resumo Introdução: as estratégias pedagógicas e didáticas devem se tornar os principais motivadores para o desenvolvimento das competências que se espera obter do profissional de engenharia. Objetivo: executar um protótipo da estratégia pedagógica, o PICUR (Projeto Integrativo da Remington University Corporation), que permite a integração de diferentes processos de treinamento, para a conquista de competências transversais, específicas e multidisciplinares, a partir de auto-motivação, inovação, pesquisa e criatividade, permita soluções para situações reais em vários contextos. Materiais e métodos: para atingir a meta, propiciou-se a geração de condições iniciais, para a aplicação do PICUR em relação a recursos físicos, talento humano, atividades, tempos e espaços, sendo necessário socializar a estratégia com diferentes atores, fornecendo parâmetros necessários para sua aplicação. aplicação com o apoio do guia de trabalho desenvolvido anteriormente. Da mesma forma, foi gerado um banco de ideias, para que as equipes de trabalho pudessem ter acesso a eles para o desenvolvimento de projetos, de acordo com o nível de competências. Resultados: a partir da aplicação do protótipo PICUR e de suas respectivas avaliações, obtiveram-se resultados como: importância do trabalho em equipe, solução de desafios através da aplicação de software para benefício social, integração de teoria e prática, entre outros, que impactam positivamente o processo de treinamento do engenheiro. Conclusões: O PICUR, como estratégia pedagógica, aplicável a qualquer graduação, é proposto como uma alternativa que permite a dinamização dos processos acadêmicos, onde o aluno aparece como ator principal, com capacidade de desenvolver recursos para auto-treinamento e auto-aprendizagem que o projetam para o geração de novos conhecimentos.
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Introducción: El uso de las medicinas no convencionales (MNC) crece en la población; sin embargo, los médicos tienen un bajo nivel de conocimiento acerca de ellas, a pesar de su interés, debido a las preguntas que reciben de sus pacientes con respecto a sus riesgos y beneficios. No obstante, se desconoce cuántos y cuáles son los instrumentos que evalúan la calidad de la investigación de estas medicinas. Objetivo: Identificar las herramientas que se utilizan para evaluar la calidad de la investigación en medicinas no convencionales a fin de conocer sus avances y origen de sus limitaciones. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda de información en bases de datos científicas; acopiándose un total de 200 de estos, solo 75 fueron considerados adecuados; aunque, solo 12 respondieron a la pregunta de investigación. El análisis acogió algunas de las recomendaciones PRISMA. Resultados: Se encontraron 12 instrumentos que guían y evalúan la calidad de la investigación en medicinas no convencionales, 9 de ellas son extensiones CONSORT. China, Corea del Sur y la India son los países que promueven la estandarización de su medicina tradicional, la cual representa gran parte de las medicinas alternativas y complementarias de otras partes del mundo. Conclusiones: Se requiere seguir procedimientos específicos para la evaluación de la calidad de la investigación en medicinas no convencionales con el fin de encontrar los criterios más apropiados para la evaluación de su eficacia y seguridad(AU)
Introduction: The use of unconventional medicine grows in the population; but doctors have low level of knowledge of them, despite their interest, due to the questions from their patients regarding their risks and benefits. Yet, it is unknown what the instruments are and how many are they to assess the quality of research on these medications. Objective: To identify and to describe the tools used to assess the quality of research in unconventional medicine in order to know progress and origin of limitations. Method: An information search was carried out in scientific databases; collecting a total of 200, only 75 were considered adequate; although, only 12 answered the research question. The analysis comprised some of PRISMA recommendations. Results: Twelve instruments were found that guide and evaluate the quality of research in non-conventional medicine, nine of them are CONSORT extensions. China, South Korea and India are the countries that promote standardization of their traditional medicine, which represents a large part of alternative and complementary medicine from other parts of the world. Conclusions: It is required to follow specific procedures for assessing the quality of research in non-conventional medicine in order to find the most appropriate criteria for evaluating their efficacy and safety(AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Research , Medicine, Traditional/methods , Quality ControlABSTRACT
Introdução: O termo ultrassonografia a beira do leito ou point of care (POCUS) tem sido utilizado para descrever o uso de ultrassons portáteis pelo médico quando do atendimento ao paciente. A POCUS está cada vez mais sendo integrada a prática médica como extensão do exame físico tradicional. Objetivo: Apresentar a experiência da implementação do ensino da POCUS no currículo de graduação da Faculdade de Medicina da UFJF. Relato de experiência: São descritos o processo e as condições de implementação da disciplina Ecografia Clínica (EC) I com os alunos do quarto período do curso de medicina da UFJF. Resultados: Na avaliação cognitiva (AC) com opções de múltipla escolha, 88% dos estudantes obtiveram notas iguais ou superiores 80 pontos. Na AC de associação de imagens, o resultado foi ainda melhor, com 96% dos discentes obtendo notas iguais ou superiores a 80 pontos (nenhum aluno obteve nota inferior a 60 pontos). No OSCE, o aproveitamento igual ou superior a 80 pontos foi alcançado por 92% dos alunos. A avaliação de satisfação com a disciplina EC I (escala do tipo Likert) pelos estudantes revelou que a maioria absoluta deles considera que a ultrassonografia melhorou a sua educação médica, melhorou a qualidade do seu exame físico e deveria ser mais inserida no currículo médico. Conclusão: A inserção da ultrassonografia no ensino de graduação em medicina é pedagogicamente adequada e aprovada pelos estudantes.
Introduction: The term bedside ultrasound (POCUS) has been used to describe the use of portable ultrasounds by the physician when providing patient care. POCUS is increasingly being integrated in medical practice as an extension of the traditional physical examination. Objective: To report the experience of the implementation of the teaching POCUS in the undergraduate curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine of UFJF. Experience report: The process and the conditions for the implementation of the discipline Clinical Ultrasound I with the students of the fourth period of the UFJF medical course are described. Results and discussion: In the cognitive assessment (CA) with multiple choice options, 88% of students scored 80 points or higher. In the CA using image association, the result was even better, reaching 96% of students with grades equal to or greater than 80 points (no student scored below 60 points). In the OSCE, achievement equal to or greater than 80 points was achieved by 92% of the students. Satisfaction assessment with the discipline clinical ultrasound I (Likert scale) by medical students revealed that the absolute majority of them consider that ultrasound has improved their medical education, improved the quality of their physical examination and should be more inserted in the medical curriculum doctor. Conclusion: The insertion of the ultrasonography in the teaching of graduation in medicine is pedagogically adequate and approved by the students.
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Humans , Male , Female , Patients , Schools, Medical , Students, Medical , Ultrasonography , Point-of-Care Systems , Research Report , Point-of-Care Testing , Academic PerformanceABSTRACT
Objective This study discusses the effect of integrating method in the international students' basic chemistry class of medical colleges.Methods The integrating method was composed of the new teaching methods,such as PBL and micro-learning resources,and traditional method.The experimental group was composed of 76 students from the Class 1 of international students of Grade 2015 in clinical medicine of China Medical University,where integrating method was used,namely the teaching methods and means of problem based learning and micro class were integrated into the experimental courses,while the control group was composed of 80 students in Class 2 from the same major and grade,which was using the traditional method of teaching and practicing.A unified examination was applied to evaluate the teaching efficiency in both two groups and the teaching effect of the experimental group was investigated by questionnaire.The data was entered into SPSS 13.0 for two independent samples t-test.Results In the exams the students in the test group got higher scores than that in the control group.The average scores were (17.6 ± 4.5) and (16.0 ± 4.8) respectively (t=4.42,P=0.00),the differences were statistically significant.The effective recovery rate of the experimental group was 100％,and among them,97.4％ (74) of the students thought that they should continue to use the integrating teaching.Conclusion The application of integrating teaching in the course of basic chemistry experiment can improve students' comprehensive ability,and the effect is better than the traditional teaching.
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Objective: To design a clock synchronization system for multi-functional monitor so as to apply objective and accurate technical means to realize automatic synchronization for clock of bedside multi-functional monitor. Methods: The simple network time protocol(SNTP) which was defined in the standard of consistent time(CT) from integrating the healthcare enterprise(IHE) were chosen and clock synchronization source which suited to medical organization were adopted, and all of them were applied to design clock synchronization system based on Windows platform. Results: The clock synchronization system can be integrated to connect with the original monitor system, and 7 central station monitor systems were integrated and connected, and total of 58 multi-functional monitors were joined up. Except manual synchronization mode, both of satellite and internet can achieve real time synchronization of clock for 58 bedside monitors. Conclusion: The clock synchronization system of bedside multi-functional monitor can effectively realize clock synchronization of monitor system, and it can avoid the potential risks caused by time inconsistency. At the same time, it can connect with more emergency equipment to realize clock synchronization.
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Objective:To understand the elderly residents' awareness,attitude and willingness-to-pay for medical institutions which provide elderly care services in Chengdu.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted on 350 elderly residents who were selected randomly in Chengdu city.Results:In terms of awareness,the results show that the elderly residents' awareness of medical institutions which provide elderly care services is poor.Only a small proportion of them (19.40％) are aware of those medical institutions which provide elderly care service.However,after being provided with the relevant information,the aged people's willingness to live in medical institutions which provide elderly care services was relatively higher (56.72％).Most (79.70％) of the old people are willing to pay less than 2 000 yuan per month for the elderly services provided by the medical institutions.Age,preference of family supporting,and the awareness of medical institutions providing elderly care are the statistically significant determinants of old people's willingness to utilize the elderly care provided by medical institutions.Conclusion:More efforts should be made to improve the elderly people's awareness of the medical institutions providing elderly care.The financial access to the care should be strengthened by the government intervention.To satisfy diversified demands of elderly care,various types of services would be encouraged.
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Objective:To understand the elderly residents' awareness,attitude and willingness-to-pay for medical institutions which provide elderly care services in Chengdu.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted on 350 elderly residents who were selected randomly in Chengdu city.Results:In terms of awareness,the results show that the elderly residents' awareness of medical institutions which provide elderly care services is poor.Only a small proportion of them (19.40％) are aware of those medical institutions which provide elderly care service.However,after being provided with the relevant information,the aged people's willingness to live in medical institutions which provide elderly care services was relatively higher (56.72％).Most (79.70％) of the old people are willing to pay less than 2 000 yuan per month for the elderly services provided by the medical institutions.Age,preference of family supporting,and the awareness of medical institutions providing elderly care are the statistically significant determinants of old people's willingness to utilize the elderly care provided by medical institutions.Conclusion:More efforts should be made to improve the elderly people's awareness of the medical institutions providing elderly care.The financial access to the care should be strengthened by the government intervention.To satisfy diversified demands of elderly care,various types of services would be encouraged.
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Como indagar sobre corpo-cuidado em saúde com filosofias de cosmovisões diferentes dentro do serviço público de saúde brasileiro (SUS)? Este texto busca mediações (ações que transformam) no curso das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs) no âmbito Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Com metodologia inspirada na Teoria do Ator-Rede, acompanhada por autores como Latour, Law, Mol, Stengers, Márcia Moraes, dentre outros, o trabalho segue os actantes. Faz um recorte e propõe uma inflexão quando aproxima a ontologia de base oriental que costura vida-corpo-cuidado à arte-luta-saúde e dialoga com a lógica do cuidado de Annemarie Mole a normatividade da vida em Georges Canguilhem no ponto comum em que inúmeras negociações superam crises, produzem saúde e o bom cuidado.
How to question body care in Health with philosophies of different cosmovisions, within the Brazilian Unitary Health System (SUS/UHS)? This text searches for mediations (actions which transform) in the Complementary and Integrating Practices' (CIPs) course, within the Unitary Health System. With a methodology inspired after the Actor-Network Theory, as seen in authors such as Latour, Law, Mol, Stengers, and Márcia Moraes, among others this work follows the actors, establishes a specific perimeter and proposes an inflexion when it approaches the oriental-based ontology that links life-body-care to art-fight-health, building a dialogue with the logic of care in Annemarie Mol and the normatization of life in Canguilhem, at the common point on which several negotiations overcome crisis, engendering health and good care.
¿Cómo indagar sobre el cuidado del cuerpo en la salud con filosofías de cosmovisiones distintas, dentro del servicio público de salud brasileño¿ Este texto busca mediaciones (acciones que transforman) en el curso de las Prácticas Integrantes y Complementares (PICs) en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Con metodología inspirada en la Teoría del Actor-Rede, en el sentido propuesto por Latour, Law, Mol, Stengers y Márcia Moraes, entre otros, el trabajo sigue los actores, hace un recorte epistemológico y propone una inflexión cuando se acerca de la ontología de base oriental que teje enlaces entre vida-cuidado del cuerpo y la arte-lucha-salud, estableciendo un diálogo con la lógica del cuidado en Annemarie Mol y la normatividad de la vida en Georges Canguilhem, en el punto común sobre el cual inúmeras negociaciones superan crises, produciendo salud y buenos cuidados.
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Complementary Therapies , Comprehensive Health Care , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Medicine, TraditionalABSTRACT
Objective:To analyse the dataflow and clinical flow in Suzhou municipal hospital radiology information system and picture archiving system, presents a set of system integration messages, and describes the effect of each message for the communication. Methods: Follow the framework of IHE and HL7 protocol, the paper uses standard messages to integrate two different systems for patient and study status communication. The integration can meet clinical users’ requirements.Results: Based on many years practice, the integration reached designed target.Conclusion: With further research on standard, the seamless system integration between different systems can help customer to make full use of each system and save more cost in system purchase.
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ObjectiveTo establish a method for rapid identification of bloodstain age.MethodsUnder laboratory conditions(20 ℃, 25 ℃and 30 ℃), an integrating sphere ISR-240A was used as a reflection accessory on an UV-2450 UV-vis spectrophotometer, and a standard white board of BaSO4 was used as reference, the reflection spectrums of bloodstain from human ears’venous blood were measured at regu-lar intervals. The reflection radiosR541 andR577 at a specific wavelength were collected and the value of R541/R577 was calculated. The linear fitting and regression analysis were done by SPSS 17.0.ResultsThe results of regression analysis showed thatR2 of the ratios of bloodstain age to UV visible reflectivity in specific wavelengths were larger than 0.8 within 8 hours and under certain circumstances. The regression equation was established. The bloodstain age had significant correlation with the value ofR541/R577.Con-clusionThe method of inspection is simple, rapid and nondestructive with a good reliability, and can be used to identify the bloodstain age within 8 hours elapsed-time standards under laboratory conditions.
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Objective To explore the effects ofDoctor-nurse Integratingmode on the operation room nursing quality improvement. Methods From July 2014 to Dec. 2014,11 423 operations in our hospital were chosen as control group,while 10 897 operations from Jan. 2015 to June 2015 as intervention group.An administrating group of Doctor-nurse Integrating mode was formed, with both doctors and nurses acting as quality controllers. A144 Regular Meetings System was also formed. The author retrospected and analyzed 11 423 negative accidents which occurred during operation. Management details and responsibilities were specified, and training was enhanced. All these were monitored, controlled, implemented and improved by operation doctors, anaesthesia doctors and operation room nurses. Results The rate of negative accidents dropped from 1.226%(140/11 423) to 0.340%(37/10 897) since the implementation of Doctor-nurse Integrating mode of operation quality control. Conclusions Doctor-nurse Integrating mode of operation quality control has positive effects on the improvement of operation nursing quality.
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OBJECTIVES@#To establish a method for rapid identification of bloodstain age.@*METHODS@#Under laboratory conditions （20 ℃, 25 ℃ and 30 ℃）, an integrating sphere ISR-240A was used as a reflection accessory on an UV-2450 UV-vis spectrophotometer, and a standard white board of BaSO₄ was used as reference, the reflection spectrums of bloodstain from human ears' venous blood were measured at regular intervals. The reflection radios R₅₄₁ and R₅₇₇ at a specific wavelength were collected and the value of R₅₄₁/R₅₇₇ was calculated. The linear fitting and regression analysis were done by SPSS 17.0.@*RESULTS@#The results of regression analysis showed that R² of the ratios of bloodstain age to UV visible reflectivity in specific wavelengths were larger than 0.8 within 8 hours and under certain circumstances. The regression equation was established. The bloodstain age had significant correlation with the value of R₅₄₁/R₅₇₇.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The method of inspection is simple, rapid and nondestructive with a good reliability, and can be used to identify the bloodstain age within 8 hours elapsed-time standards under laboratory conditions.
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Humans , Blood Stains , Forensic Sciences , Reference Standards , Reproducibility of Results , Spectrum Analysis/methods , Time Factors , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
Along with the degree of population ageing worse off continuously, the demand for medical service is growing. The current system of pension service and medical service are discrete and separate, and integrating pen-sion service with medical service is the best choice for China. However, there are some problems with the model for integrating pension service with medical service. These problems include the lack of funding, negative participation and imperfect methods of service delivery; high toll levels and single, rigid service contents; and bull management and policies hard to enforce. China should improve the service delivery model, identify service content according to the demand for service object, and improve the mechanism of government management.
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Organic chemistry experiment is early and important practical course for pharmacy speciality after entering college,which is very important for training their practical abilities and spirit of innovation.The method of integrating four autonomies (self-designing,teaching,operating and summarizing) has been tried in organic chemistry experiment teaching,which completely takes the student as the center and puts emphasis on inquiry learning and ability training.The preliminary practice shows that it is of benefit to arousing students' enthusiasm for study,training their ability and developing their innovative consciousness and spirit.
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El estudio tiene como finalidad diseñar acciones para perfeccionar la integración de los contenidos temáticos en Preparación para la Defensa-II de Medicina, acordes con las dificultades y potencialidades detectadas en un primer momento. La investigación es de enfoque cualitativo y emplea como universo al total de docentes y estudiantes que impartieron o recibieron la asignatura en la sede central y los del Proyecto Policlínico Universitario de Santa Clara, y se trabaja con una muestra seleccionada de manera intencional por criterios, se aplican métodos teóricos y otros del nivel empírico como la observación, encuesta, análisis de documentos y el grupo nominal como técnica. Se realiza triangulación metodológica de la información obtenida, la cual permite identificar los contenidos susceptibles de integración, se formulan orientaciones metodológicas con este propósito, y se diseña un curso para los docentes. Los especialistas consultados ofrecen una valoración satisfactoria del producto según los rubros solicitados.
This study searches about the integration and systematization of contents in the Preparation for the Defense II subject in the Medicine career in the academic year 2009-2010. A qualitative research work was carried out. The universe comprises all the professors and the students who taught or received the subject in the traditional model in the central site and in the polyclinics of Santa Clara municipality. On purposive , probabilistic by criteria sampling there were applied empirical and theoretical methods such as the observation, survey, document analysis, nominal group techniques and the methodological contrasting of information. Taking into account the results of the diagnosis, there were identified the contents which could be integrated, methodological guidelines were elaborated and a course was given to the professors. The specialists considered this product as useful and pertinent.
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Mainstreaming, Education , Faculty , Task Performance and AnalysisABSTRACT
En las cumbres mundiales sobre educación médica se ha hecho referencia a la necesidad de desarrollo de profesores de Medicina para mejorar este tipo de educación. Particularmente, el área de las ciencias básicas biomédicas en Cuba enfrenta un reto relevante para lograr una enseñanza con enfoque integrador. Con el objetivo de identificar las características específicas del proceso de preparación de estos profesores, en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus, se realizó una investigación pedagógica con los que imparten estos programas. Se utilizaron los métodos empíricos y teóricos pertinentes. Se identificaron insuficiencias en el dominio de los contenidos, en el conocimiento didáctico propio del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de estas ciencias, particularmente para el enfoque integrador, y en el trabajo metodológico sistemático de preparación de las asignaturas correspondientes. Se concluye que las necesidades identificadas, por su complejidad, requieren de estrategias de superación científicamente diseñadas.
In the world summits about medical education it has been stated the necessity to develop medicine professors to better this type of education. Specifically, the area of the basic biomedical sciences faces a great challenge to achieve its teaching with an integrating approach in Cuba. A pedagogical research work was carried out with the objective to identify the specific characteristics of the professor´s preparation process in Sancti Spirits Faculty of Medical Sciences. Theoretical and empirical methods were used. There were identified the insufficiencies in the mastery of contents and in the didactic knowledge of the teaching-learning process of these sciences, particularly in the integrating approach, and in the systematic methodological work of the preparation of the corresponding subjects. It is concluded that the identified necessities require of scientifically designed upgrading strategies due to their complexity.