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Objective@#To investigate the smoking cessation intention and attempt to quit smoking among smokers at ages of 15 years and older in a district of Beijing Municipality, so as to provide insights into formulation of tobacco control interventions. @*Methods@#Permanent residents at ages of 15 years and older were sampled using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from a district in Beijing Municipality, and all smokers were recruited. Participants' demographic features, tobacco use, intention to quit smoking, attempts to quit smoking and awareness of tobacco-related hazards were collected using the Beijing Adult Tobacco Survey. The intention and attempts to quit smoking were analyzed among smokers, and factors affecting the attempt to quit smoking were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. @*Results@#A total of 687 smokers were surveyed, including 669 men (97.38%), 497 from rural areas (72.34%), 351 daily smokers (51.09%), 336 occasional smokers (48.91%), 329 with intention to quit smoking (47.89%), and 178 with attempts to quit smoking during the past one year (25.91%). Univariable analysis showed that area, age, educational level, smoking status, tobacco health literacy and tobacco control information acquired from media were factors affecting intention and attempts to quit smoking among smokers (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that smokers with intention to quit smoking (OR=5.444, 95%CI: 3.585-8.268) and occasional smoking (OR=2.142, 95%CI: 1.312-3.497) were more likely to attempt to quit smoking. @*Conclusions@#Approximately half of smokers have intention to quit smoking in a district of Beijing Municipality; however, the percentage of attempts to quit smoking is low. Targeted interventions are required for smokers with different characteristics to improve the intention to quit smoking and promote smoking-quitting behaviors.
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Introduction: Unfortunately, indicators of tobacco dependence are present even after low levels of exposure in young smokers. Early emergence of these signal risk for subsequent chronic smoking and nicotine dependence is negatively associated with cessation in young adults. One important yet understudied modifiable predictor of intention to quit among smokers is smoking rationalization. Smokers often subscribe to smoking rationalisation beliefs, also known as self?exempting beliefs, to justify or rationalize their smoking behaviors. Smoking rationalizations can predict a lack of intention to quit. Objective: To assess the correlation between smoking rationalisation, tobacco dependence and intention to quit among Indian adults and adults. Methodology: A cross?sectional pilot study was carried out among 18–60?year?old subjects. Data were collected for tobacco dependence, smoking rationalisation and intention to quit (no/yes) by structured interview. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 16 (IBM Corp, Armork, NY.) The independent t?test and one way ANOVA and binary logistic regression were performed for inferential statistics. Results: Smokers with no intention to quit and high tobacco dependence scores had significantly higher smoking rationalisation than those to quit and low dependence scores. Logistic regression models demonstrated that all types of rationalisation beliefs were consistently inversely associated with the intention to quit and low tobacco dependence. Conclusion: Findings suggest that smoking rationalisation plays an important role in the lack of intention to quit among Indian smokers. Future interventions should tackle smoking rationalisation beliefs as a strategy to promote smoking cessation.
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Objective To explore the relationship between social norms and smoking intention, among male smokers in China. Methods A total 3 621 (with 95.8% of effective response rate) male smokers were selected and investigated with questionnaires from August to November in 2013.Univariate logistic regressions and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to find the associations between social norms, smoking intention and quitting attempts. Results Smokers perceived low pro-quitting social norms from their family members, friends and other people around.With a 1 point increase in pro-quitting social norms score, smokers′ willingness to quit in the next 6 months increased by 69% (OR=1.69, 95%CI:1.48-1.94), and smokers were 86% more likely to quit(OR=1.86, 95%CI:1.66-2.08). Conclusion Pro-quitting social norms is proved to be an independent predictor for smoking intention, quitting attempts among male smokers in China.Therefore, future intervention should aim to establish pro-quitting social norms for smoking cessation.
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Objective To explore the relationship between social norms and smoking intention, among male smokers in China. Methods A total 3 621 (with 95.8% of effective response rate) male smokers were selected and investigated with questionnaires from August to November in 2013.Univariate logistic regressions and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to find the associations between social norms, smoking intention and quitting attempts. Results Smokers perceived low pro-quitting social norms from their family members, friends and other people around.With a 1 point increase in pro-quitting social norms score, smokers′ willingness to quit in the next 6 months increased by 69% (OR=1.69, 95%CI:1.48-1.94), and smokers were 86% more likely to quit(OR=1.86, 95%CI:1.66-2.08). Conclusion Pro-quitting social norms is proved to be an independent predictor for smoking intention, quitting attempts among male smokers in China.Therefore, future intervention should aim to establish pro-quitting social norms for smoking cessation.
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Background: Tobacco is the single most preventable cause of death and disability. Quitting tobacco use at any age will help in improving the quality of health. Objective: To find out the intention to quit tobacco smoking and its predictors among adult male smokers. Methodology: A cross–sectional clinic based study was conducted for 2 months (July–august 2017) among 123 adult male current smokers. Nicotine dependence was assessed using Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) questionnaire and intention to quit tobacco smoking and its various predictors were assessed using structured schedule. Logistic regression was done to establish association. Results: Intention to quit tobacco smoking significantly associated with higher educational status (AOR=3.04. CI=1.32–6.98),low nicotine dependence(AOR=3.85, CI=1.52–9.73),less duration of tobacco smoking( AOR=2.33, CI=1.02–5.31),previous H/O quit attempts (AOR=2.73, CI=1.17–6.32) Conclusion: The low rate of quitting intention among adult smokers underscore the need for comprehensive policy initiatives that would encourage smokers to think about quitting. Keywords: Tobacco smoking, Nicotine dependence, Intention to quit smoking
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Objective To understand the intention to quit smoking and its influencing factors among current smokers in Gansu Province, so as to provide scientific basis for tobacco control. Methods A multi-stage sampling method was used to extract current smokers aged 15-69 years, and a face-to-face survey was conducted using the questionnaire on smoking among residents in China. Intention to quit smoking between current smokers with different characteristics was analyzed. Logistic regression was used to explore influencing factors of intention to quit smoking. Results The intention of current smokers to quit smoking in Gansu Province was 16.4% (95% CI:15.5%-17.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that current smokers who were in rural areas (OR=1.199, 95% CI:1.022-1.408, P=0.026); family smoking prohibited (OR=1.767, 95% CI: 1.273-2.454, P=0.001), medical staff discouraged smoking within 12 months (OR=1.599, 95% CI:1.359-1.842, P<0.001), visited smoking clinics (OR=3.089, 95% CI:2.031-4.698, P＜001), higher educational level of junior high school, senior high school and college or above (OR=1.383, 95% CI:1.101-1.736; OR=1.627, 95% CI:1.252-2.116; OR=1.374, 95% CI:1.009-1.873, all P<0.05), tobacco hazards knowledge with higher scores of 1-, 3- and 5-6 (OR=1.248, 95% CI:1.030-1.514; OR=1.574, 95% CI:1.289-1.922; OR=2.288, 95% CI:1.879-2.786, all P<0.05) were more likely to quit smoking; furthermore, smokers aged 20-, 30- years or smoking 20-, 30- years had a lower chance of quit smoking (all P<0.05). Conclusions The intention of current smokers to quit smoking in Gansu province is generally not high. In the future, knowledge of tobacco hazards should be further promoted, medical staff should provide more smoking cessation services during the treatment process, and more smoking cessation clinics should be established.
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Objective · To investigate the intention of quitting smoking and influencing factors among husbands in gestational households in Shanghai and provide a scientific basis for establishing smoking cessation strategies. Methods · Pregnant women and their spouses who received antenatal examination in 5 hospitals in Shanghai were asked to finish two versions of questionnaires respectively. Basic demographic information, smoking history, history of smoking cessation and intention of quitting smoking were investigated. The database was set up by EpiData 3.1, and data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0, such as descriptive analysis, χ2 test (univariate), and Logistic regression analysis (multivariate). Results · A total of 282 questionnaires were sent to smoking husbands and 266 effective questionnaires got back with the effective rate of 94.3%. Among them 34.2% smoking husbands had intention of quitting smoking, 18.4% were trying to quit, and 22.9% had tried to quit before. Single-factor analysis showed that influencing factors for intention of quitting smoking among smoking husbands in gestational households included the daily cigarette consumption, overall opinion for smoking, the knowledge about the harm of passive smoking to pregnant women and fetuses, having smoking cessation experience or not, how many people smoking among five intimate friends except family members (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that intention of quitting smoking had relationship with the daily cigarette consumption (OR = 0.456, 95% CI: 0.245 ~ 0.852), overall opinion for smoking(OR=2.443, 95% CI: 1.008 ~ 5.921), having smoking cessation experience or not (OR =0.316, 95% CI: 0.162 ~ 0.616). Conclusion · Intention of quitting smoking is relatively strong in gestational households. It is recommended to strengthen the education of tobacco control for smoking husband in gestational households, and encourage smokers who had smoking cessation experience before to quit smoking again.
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BACKGROUND: Global Adult Tobacco Survey India 2009–2010 revealed that more than one‑third (35%) of adults in India use tobacco in some form: 21% use smokeless tobacco, 9% smoke, and 5% are mixed users (they smoke and use smokeless tobacco), and the quit rate is very low. In an effort to decrease prevalence of tobacco use, it is thus important to understand the factors that are related to intention to quit among Indian tobacco users. Research has shown consistently that intention to quit is a strong predictor of future quitting. The present study reports the factors encouraging quitting tobacco products in India. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Cross‑sectional data from Wave 1 of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation India Survey conducted in four cities and surrounding rural areas (i.e. Mumbai [Maharashtra], Patna [Bihar], Indore [Madhya Pradesh], and Kolkata [West Bengal]) between August 2010 and December 2011 were analyzed. A total of 8051 tobacco users (15+ years) were randomly sampled from 8586 households: 1255 smokers, 5991 smokeless users, and 805 mixed (smoke and smokeless) users. Validated, standardized questions were asked about current tobacco use, intention to quit, and factors encouraging quitting. RESULTS: Overall, 19.6% of tobacco users intended to quit. Smokers had less intention to quit as compared to smokeless tobacco users whereas mixed users had more intention to quit (odds ratio [OR] =1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.12–1.97) compared to smokeless tobacco users. Highly educated people were more likely to report intention to quit (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.09–3.02) compared to less educated. Advice by doctors to quit tobacco had a strong impact on intention to quit (OR = 1.68, CI = 1.29–2.15). Tobacco users who were exposed to antitobacco messages at work places (OR = 1.74, CI = 1.23–2.46), at restaurants (OR = 1.65, CI = 1.12–2.43), bars (OR = 1.81, CI = 1.07–3.06), on public transportation (OR = 2.14, CI = 1.49–3.08) and on tobacco packages (OR = 1.77, CI = 1.29–2.14) also expressed greater intention to quit tobacco use. CONCLUSION: Around one‑fifth of tobacco users in India intended to quit tobacco use. Higher education, doctor’s advice, and antitobacco messages were positively associated with users’ intention to quit tobacco.
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Adult , Data Collection/methods , Humans , India , Smoking/prevention & control , Smoking/trends , Tobacco, Smokeless/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Cessation/epidemiology , Tobacco Use Cessation/history , Tobacco Use Cessation Devices/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The intention among Korean youth smokers to smoke consistently even after tobacco prices may rise in the future may be associated with tobacco dependence. METHODS: Data for 8,988 Korean youth smokers from the 2011 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used in this study. A chi-square test was used to analyze smoking behavior changes after increase in tobacco price by socioeconomic characteristics, tobacco-related characteristics, and quality of life-related characteristics. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors related to existing smokers' intention to smoke consistently should tobacco price increase in the future. RESULTS: Of all smoking adolescents, 26.6% had no intention to quit smoking even if the tobacco price were to rise in the future. Logistic regression analysis showed the following significant factors related to intention to continue smoking after an increase in price: age (odds ratio [OR], 0.93), amount of smoking (2-9 vs. or =10 vs. < or =1 cigarettes per day OR, 4.84), daily smoker (OR, 2.73), experience with electronic cigarette (OR, 1.17), attempt to quit smoking (no vs. yes OR, 2.32), age at trying to smoke (before or at elementary vs. high school OR, 1.31), exposure to anti-smoking campaign (no vs. yes OR, 1.20), anti-smoking education (no vs. yes OR, 1.21), happiness (low vs. high OR, 1.31), depression (OR, 1.13), and suicidal ideations (OR, 1.30). CONCLUSIONS: Those with the intention to continue to smoke even after an increase in tobacco price have high tobacco dependence. Therefore, policy makers need to enforce not only price policies but also those unrelated to price, such as smoking cessation programs to help youth smokers quit smoking.
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Adolescent , Humans , Administrative Personnel , Depression , Electronics , Electrons , Happiness , Intention , Korea , Logistic Models , Risk-Taking , Smoke , Smoking , Smoking Cessation , Suicidal Ideation , Nicotiana , Tobacco Products , Tobacco Use DisorderABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The intention among Korean youth smokers to smoke consistently even after tobacco prices may rise in the future may be associated with tobacco dependence. METHODS: Data for 8,988 Korean youth smokers from the 2011 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used in this study. A chi-square test was used to analyze smoking behavior changes after increase in tobacco price by socioeconomic characteristics, tobacco-related characteristics, and quality of life-related characteristics. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors related to existing smokers' intention to smoke consistently should tobacco price increase in the future. RESULTS: Of all smoking adolescents, 26.6% had no intention to quit smoking even if the tobacco price were to rise in the future. Logistic regression analysis showed the following significant factors related to intention to continue smoking after an increase in price: age (odds ratio [OR], 0.93), amount of smoking (2-9 vs. or =10 vs. < or =1 cigarettes per day OR, 4.84), daily smoker (OR, 2.73), experience with electronic cigarette (OR, 1.17), attempt to quit smoking (no vs. yes OR, 2.32), age at trying to smoke (before or at elementary vs. high school OR, 1.31), exposure to anti-smoking campaign (no vs. yes OR, 1.20), anti-smoking education (no vs. yes OR, 1.21), happiness (low vs. high OR, 1.31), depression (OR, 1.13), and suicidal ideations (OR, 1.30). CONCLUSIONS: Those with the intention to continue to smoke even after an increase in tobacco price have high tobacco dependence. Therefore, policy makers need to enforce not only price policies but also those unrelated to price, such as smoking cessation programs to help youth smokers quit smoking.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Administrative Personnel , Depression , Electronics , Electrons , Happiness , Intention , Korea , Logistic Models , Risk-Taking , Smoke , Smoking , Smoking Cessation , Suicidal Ideation , Nicotiana , Tobacco Products , Tobacco Use DisorderABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The intention among Korean youth smokers to smoke consistently even after tobacco prices may rise in the future may be associated with tobacco dependence. METHODS: Data for 8,988 Korean youth smokers from the 2011 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used in this study. A chi-square test was used to analyze smoking behavior changes after increase in tobacco price by socioeconomic characteristics, tobacco-related characteristics, and quality of life-related characteristics. Logistic regression was used to assess the factors related to existing smokers' intention to smoke consistently should tobacco price increase in the future. RESULTS: Of all smoking adolescents, 26.6% had no intention to quit smoking even if the tobacco price were to rise in the future. Logistic regression analysis showed the following significant factors related to intention to continue smoking after an increase in price: age (odds ratio [OR], 0.93), amount of smoking (2-9 vs. or =10 vs. < or =1 cigarettes per day OR, 4.84), daily smoker (OR, 2.73), experience with electronic cigarette (OR, 1.17), attempt to quit smoking (no vs. yes OR, 2.32), age at trying to smoke (before or at elementary vs. high school OR, 1.31), exposure to anti-smoking campaign (no vs. yes OR, 1.20), anti-smoking education (no vs. yes OR, 1.21), happiness (low vs. high OR, 1.31), depression (OR, 1.13), and suicidal ideations (OR, 1.30). CONCLUSIONS: Those with the intention to continue to smoke even after an increase in tobacco price have high tobacco dependence. Therefore, policy makers need to enforce not only price policies but also those unrelated to price, such as smoking cessation programs to help youth smokers quit smoking.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Administrative Personnel , Depression , Electronics , Electrons , Happiness , Intention , Korea , Logistic Models , Risk-Taking , Smoke , Smoking , Smoking Cessation , Suicidal Ideation , Nicotiana , Tobacco Products , Tobacco Use DisorderABSTRACT
Introduction: Tobacco users face barriers not just in quitting, but also in thinking about quitting. The aim of this study was to understand factors encouraging intention to quit from the 2006 International Tobacco Control Policy (TCP) Evaluation India Pilot Study Survey. Materials and Methods: A total of 764 adult respondents from urban and rural areas of Maharashtra and Bihar were surveyed through face-to-face individual interviews, with a house-to-house approach. Dependent variable was "intention to quit tobacco." Independent variables were demographic variables, peer influence, damage perception, receiving advice to quit, and referral to cessation services by healthcare professionals and exposure to anti-tobacco messages. Logistic regression model was used with odds ratio adjusted for location, age, gender, and marital status for statistical analysis. Results: Of 493 tobacco users, 32.5% intended to quit. More numbers of users who were unaware about their friends' tobacco use intended to quit compared to those who were aware (adjusted OR = 8.06, 95% CI = 4.58-14.19). Higher numbers of users who felt tobacco has damaged their health intended to quit compared to those who did not feel that way (adjusted OR = 5.62, 95% CI = 3.53-8.96). More numbers of users exposed to anti-tobacco messages in newspapers/magazines (adjusted OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.02-3.03), restaurants (adjusted OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.37-4.46), radio (adjusted OR=4.84, 95% CI = 3.01-7.78), cinema halls (adjusted OR = 9.22, 95% CI = 5.31-15.75), and public transportation (adjusted OR = 10.58, 95% = 5.90-18.98) intended to quit compared to unexposed users. Conclusion: Anti-tobacco messages have positive influence on user's intentions to quit.
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Humans , India , Mass Media/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population , Smoke-Free Policy , Smoking Cessation/methods , Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Tobacco Use Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of psychosocial distress, intention to quit and nursing performance. METHODS: The data were collected through structured questionnaires from 210 registered nurses in a general hospital. They were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression with the SPSS WIN program. RESULTS: The results of the analysis showed that the mean of the psychosocial distress was 25.38+/-7.26, intention to quit was 3.51+/-0.78, and nursing performance was 3.67+/-0.46. In the correlation analysis, the nursing performance had negative correlation with psychosocial distress(r=-.371, p=.000) and intention to quit(r=-.211, p=.002). There were statistically significant differences in nursing performance depending on age, marital status, position and work experience. The psychosocial distress and age explained 15.1% of nursing performance. CONCLUSION: This study showed psychosocial distress and intention to quit affects the nursing performance. Therefore, nursing executives and unit managers need to concern on the significance of the stress management programs so that these can be organizational support.
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Hospitals, General , Intention , Marital Status , Patients' Rooms , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between job stressors,montal health and intention to quit of pediatric nurses by comparing with nurses in internal medicine department. Methods Job stressors, mental health,intention to quit of pediatric nurses and their relationship were investigated among nurses in above mentioned wards from three third-level and first-class hospitals by using questionnaires. Results The scores of some factors of job stressors and nine factors of SCL- 90 of pediatric nurses were much higher than those of internal medicine nurses. There was a significantly positive correlation between some factors of job stressors, mental health and intention to quit of pediatric nurses. Conclusions Working pressure is a factor of low mental health level and intention to quit of pediatric nurses. Effective management strategies should be imple-mented to protect the mental health of pediatric nurses and decrease the loss of nurses.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the level of intention to quit smoking and to identify factors influencing intention to quit among patients with coronary heart disease. Method: The subjects consisted of 80 male patients with coronary heart disease (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction) at three hospitals in Seoul. The data were collected with self reporting in a structured questionnaire. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify predictors of intention to quit. Included variables were attitudes toward smoking cessation, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, usefulness of smoking cessation, and previous attempts to quit. RESULT: 1. The mean score for intention to quit was 11.1(+/-6.1) which was lower than median score of the scale. 2. There were significant correlations between the all predictive variables and the intention to quit(r=.24-.48, p<.05). 3. usefulness of smoking cessation, perceived behavioral control, and previous attempts to quit explained 34.6% of the variance for intention to quit. CONCLUSION: usefulness of smoking cessation, perceived behavioral control, and previous attempts to quit were identified as important variables in explaining the intention to quit smoking among patients with coronary heart disease. Thus, it is necessary to try to enhance this factors for increasing intention to quit among patients with coronary heart disease.