ABSTRACT
Resumo A avaliação de perguntas de questionário de inquérito de saúde no Brasil limita-se, na maioria das vezes, aos testes-piloto e debriefing das entrevistas. O objetivo do presente artigo é contribuir para preencher essa lacuna ao apresentar uma metodologia de avaliação cognitiva para identificação de perguntas potencialmente "problemáticas" quanto à sua formulação e o que ocorre, na interação entrevistador-entrevistado, ao aplicá-las em entrevistas com o uso de questionário padronizado em um inquérito regional de saúde. O estudo utilizou dois roteiros padronizados para identificação de dificuldades de redação e/ou compreensão e avaliação da interação entrevistador-entrevistado. Dentre as 513 perguntas do questionário individual de pesquisa, 68 questões foram indicadas como sendo potencialmente problemáticas à compreensão e comunicação pelos entrevistados. As perguntas que apresentaram problemas na sua formulação, com maior pontuação (>40), foram aquelas relacionadas à quantificação de tempo; ao grau de dificuldade para o autocuidado; à situação no trabalho e à estimação do rendimento. Dentre as perguntas apontadas como problemáticas na avaliação pelo Sistema de Apreciação de Perguntas (SAP), o autocuidado e horas trabalhadas estão entre aquelas que também tiveram pontuação alta na avaliação da interação.
Abstract The evaluation of health survey questions in Brazil is limited, in most cases, to pilot tests and interview debriefing. The purpose of this article is to contribute to filling this gap by presenting a cognitive assessment methodology for identifying potentially "problematic" questions regarding their formulation and what happens in the interviewer-interviewee interaction, when applying them in interviews using the standardized questionnaire in a regional health survey. In this study, two standardized scripts were used to identify difficulties in writing and/or understanding and evaluating the interviewer-interviewee interaction. Among the 513 questions in the individual research questionnaire, 68 questions were indicated as being potentially problematic for the interviewees to understand and communicate. The questions that presented problems in their formulation, with the highest score (>40), were those related to the quantification of time; the degree of difficulty for self-care; work situation and income estimation. Among the questions identified as problematic in the evaluation by the Question Appraisal System (SAP), self-care and hours worked are among those that also scored high in the interaction evaluation.
ABSTRACT
To study the effect of real-time feedback teaching in the interviewer training for practical skills examination of doctor's qualification. The process of real-time feedback teaching included: prepara-tion; on-site teaching; on-site training; evaluation of the training effect. The manifestation of the trained in-terviewers was evaluated after the training of physical examination and practical operation, and the inter-viewers' accuracy was improved in both physical examination group and practical operation group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of real-time feedback teaching in the interviewer training for prac-tical skills examination of doctor's qualification is effective, and is worth popularizing.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to suggest factors related with the job satisfaction of interviewers who participated in Community Health Survey (CHS) in Jeonbuk province. METHODS: An interview survey was carried out, targeting all 70 interviewers who were working at Jeonbuk CHS from Oct. 20 to Oct. 31. 2011. RESULTS: As a result of carrying out a univariate analysis of job satisfaction factors by general characteristics, this study found out that interviewers at the age below 40 showed a higher emotional factor-related score than interviewers at the age over 40, and interviewers having participated a statistic survey more than 6 times showed a higher emotional factor-related score than interviewers having participated a statistic survey less than 5 times. As a result of carrying out a multiple regression analysis of factors by general characteristics, this study found out that as interviewers were older, they showed a lower emotional factor-related satisfaction score and job performance factor-related satisfaction score, and their job satisfaction score was higher when a single interviewer conducts a survey than when more than 2 interviewers conduct a survey. CONCLUSIONS: The interviewer's job satisfaction score was relatively low. This results strongly suggest that it is necessary to understand their job performance environment and work environment most of all. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic data needed to increase the job satisfaction of interviewers from CHS and improve the quality of survey data.
Subject(s)
Health Surveys , Interviews as Topic , Job SatisfactionABSTRACT
O lugar que as entrevistas vieram a ocupar dentro da pesquisa social é muito mais relevante e equacionado de forma substancialmente diferente do passado. Ao sucesso das técnicas de entrevista ditas semidirectivas ou semiestruturadas próprias aos paradigmas estrutural-funcionalistas, tem-se seguido o uso de formas mais criativas de entrevistar. Entre estas, dá-se destaque neste artigo à entrevista compreensiva, uma técnica qualitativa de recolha de dados que articula formas tradicionais de entrevista semidiretiva com técnicas de entrevista de natureza mais etnográfica. Isto na medida em que a entrevista compreensiva é o culminar técnico e epistemológico do processo de criativização a que o uso das técnicas de entrevista tem sido recentemente sujeito na pesquisa social. Já não é necessariamente concebida como uma técnica neutra, estandardizada e impessoal de recolha de informação, mas como resultado de uma composição (social e discursiva) a duas vozes, em diálogo recíproco a partir das posições que ambos os interlocutores ocupam na situação específica de entrevista (de interrogador e de respondente). A aplicação da entrevista de tipo compreensivo pressupõe a obtenção de um discurso mais narrativo que informativo, resultado da intersubjectividade que se desenrola entre entrevistado e entrevistador. Tal exercício pressupõe da parte do entrevistador uma postura criativa e de improvisação na condução da entrevista, que requer artes e manhas específicas. Refletir sobre as condições de interação da entrevista enquanto situação excecional de comunicação, e os respetivos efeitos na produção de conhecimento e na epistemologia da pesquisa social, é o objetivo central deste artigo...
The place that interviewing techniques came to occupy within social research is more relevant and differs substantially from the past. The success of more directive interviewing techniques among structural-functionalists paradigms has been followed by the use of more creative forms of interviewing. Among these, this article wants to highlight the comprehensive interview, a qualitative data collection technique that articulates traditional forms of semi-directive interview with interview techniques of a more ethnographic nature. The reason for this option is that comprehensive interviewing is the epistemological and technical culmination of the creativization process to which the use of the interviews has recently been subjected within social research. Interviewing is no longer meant as a neutral, standardized and impersonal technique of gathering information, but as the result of a composition (social and discursive) between two voices, in reciprocal dialogue from the positions that both parties occupy in the specific situation of the interview (of questioner and respondent). The application of the comprehensive interview presumes obtaining a kind of discourse that is more narrative than informative, resulting from the intersubjectivity developed between interviewee and interviewer. Such an exercise requires a creative posture on the part of the interviewer and improvisation in the conduct of the interview, requiring specific arts and tricks. To reflect on the interaction conditions of interviewing process as an exceptional communicative situation, and the respective effects on the production of knowledge and epistemology of social research, are the main objectives of this article...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Communication , Knowledge , Creativity , Interviews as Topic , Interviews as Topic/methods , Interpersonal Relations , Social Validity, Research , Speech , ResearchABSTRACT
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the differential effects caused by the interviewers and the days of the week using the 24-hour dietary recall method on the dietary evaluation of nutrient intakes. Thirteen subjects were interviewed by three trained interviewers on a Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. The consumption of nutrients by the subjects during each day was assessed. The average intake of nutrients was found to be sufficient except in calcium, iron, and vitamin A. there was a significant difference between the food intake on the weekdays and that o the weekend. However, the were no significant differences between the interviewers assessments on the intake of nutrients consumed by the subjects. The standardization of the portion size, interview skill and experience may be a few of the reasons explaining the elimination of the potential error created by variations among the interviewers. This study suggests that repeated 24-hour recalls during weekdays and weekends may be a better method for estimating the nutrients consumed by the subjects.