ABSTRACT
PURPOSE--To evaluate clinical efficacy and tolerability of isradipine SRO (I.SRO), 5 mg O.D. in essential hypertensives. METHODS--Eighty-three of 87 selected outpatients with a mean age of 51.3 years (ranging from 25 to 65), 33 male, 48 white, 29 black and others of different races, who had clinical supine and orthostatic diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > or = 95 mmHg and < or = 115 mmHg underwent the study. After a three-week wash-out period, patients received I.SRO 5 mg O.D. at 8:00 am for a six-week period (phase I). After this phase, patients received I.SRO 5 mg O.D. at 8:00 pm for a six-week period (phase II). The patients had a follow-up with an interval of three weeks and the ambulatorial blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for 24 hours was performed with a SpaceLabs 90207 or Del Mar Avionics devices after the wash-out period and at the end of phases I and II. Measurements were performed at 15-min intervals during the day (6 am to 10 pm) and at 30-min intervals during the night (10 pm to 6 am). RESULTS--a) Heart rate did not show significant changes during the treatment period (phases I and II) when compared with the wash-out period; b) causal blood pressure: at the end of both treatment periods (phases I and II) there were statistically significant decreases (p < 0.001) in supine SBP and DBP compared with wash-out values. The mean SBP decreased from 161.6 +/- 14 to 144.3 +/- 13 mmHg (phase I) and to 141.8 +/- 13 mmHg (phase II). The mean DBP decreased from 103.4 +/- 6 to 91.2 +/- 7 (phase I) and to 89.1 +/- 8 (phase II); c) ABPM: the mean systolic 24-h ambulatory blood pressure was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) from 148.8 +/- 17 to 137.2 +/- 15 mmHg (phase I) and to 133.4 +/- 13 mmHg (phase II). The mean diastolic 24-h ambulatory blood pressure was significantly decreased (p < 0.001) from 94.3 +/- 9 to 87.0 +/- 9 (phase I) and to 85.8 +/- 8 mmHg (phase II). The mean daytime and nighttime, systolic and diastolic 24-h ambulatory blood pressure were: wash-out--152.3 +/- 17, 140.2 +/- 21, 97.4 +/- 9, 86.8 +/- 13; phase I--139.9 +/- 15, 130.0 +/- 17, 89.3 +/- 9, 81.3 +/- 10; phase II--136.7 +/- 13, 125.3 +/- 15, 88.5 +/- 8, 79.1 +/- 10, respectively. Blood pressure load (percentage of systolic blood pressure values > 140 mmHg or of diastolic blood pressure values > 90 mmHg) was significantly reduced from 62.2/62 per cent (SBP/DBP), on the was-out, to 37.9/39.9 per cent (SBP/DBP) on phase I and to 32.3/34.3 per cent (SBP/DBP) on phase II; d) side effects: most frequently related were palpitations (2.3 per cent ), headache (1.1 per cent ), flush (1 per cent ) and ankle oedema (1 per cent ). They were in general, mild-to-moderate and disappeared after the first 3 weeks of treatment. Only two patients were withdrawn because of headache (one of them with previous diagnosis of migraine). CONCLUSION--I.SRO, given by oral route, in the dosage of 5 mg O.D. as monotherapy, was effective and well tolerated, promoted significant reduction on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure attenuating the early morning rise and did not interfere with the circadian rhythm of blood pressure. No significant differences were detected in the BP lowering effect when I.SRO was given during the morning or evening. These results may indicate that the drug is as suitable as one of the first choice for treating mild and moderate hypertensive patients
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Isradipine/administration & dosage , Hypertension/drug therapy , Blood Pressure Determination , Hypertension/physiopathology , Monitoring, Physiologic , Arterial PressureABSTRACT
Objetivo - Avaliar a eficácia clínica e a tolerabilidade da isradipina, um novo antagonista do cálcio hipertensiva. Casuística e Métodos - Foram estudados vinte e sete pacientes (14 brancos, 13 näo brancos) com idades variando entre 18 e 59 (média 37,2 ñ 2,5) anos; 15 homens, 13 mulheres cujas pressöes arteriais diastólicas eram superiores a 130 mmHg e que näo apresentavam sinais recentes de lesöes agudas em órgäos-alvo. Estes pacientes foram divididos em três grupos aos quais se administraram diferentes doses de isradipina na forma de comprimidos por via sublingual, conforme segue: grupo I - (n = 10) 1,25 mg; grupo II - (n = 10), 2,5 mg; grupo III - (n = 7) 5,0 mg. A pressäo arterial (PA) e a freqüência cardíaca (FC) dos pacientes foram medidas antes da administraçäo da droga e depois a cada 30 minutos até o máximo de 120 minutos. Resultados - A pressäo arterial média (PAM) reduziu-se significativamente em todos os pacientes 153,43 ñ 4,3 mmg para 124,0 ñ 2,3 mmHg após 60 min de administraçäo da droga e, para 118 ñ 2,1 mmHg após 120 min do seu uso (p < 0,001). A FC näo apresentou variaçöes clinicamente significativas. Näo se observaram também efeitos colaterais limitantes do uso da droga nas doses empregadas. A comparaçäo entre as curvas de variaçäo da PAM dos três grupos näo apresentou diferenças significantes, tendo-se observado, entretanto, uma tendência a maior velocidade de descenso da PA nos pacientes do grupo III. Conclusäo - Os resultados evidenciam que a isradipina administrada na forma de comprimidos por via sublingual, nas doses de 1,25, 2,5 e 5,0 mg reduz eficazmente a PA de pacientes com crise hipertensiva sem a ocorrência de efeitos colaterais importantes. O início de açäo da droga foi rápida (30 min) após a administraçäo e o descenso máximo da PA foi observado após 2h. Näose observaram também reduçöes dose-dependentes da PA
Purpose - Evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of isradipine, a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist in the therapy of outpatients hypertensive crisis. Patients and Methods - Twenty seven patients with mean age of 37.2 ± 2.5 years (ages ranging from 18 to 59 years old ) of different races (14 white, 13 not white); 15 men and 12 women, with diastolic blood pressure over 130 mmHg and without signs of recent target organ damage were studied. The patients were divided in three groups according to the used dosage of Isradipine tablets by sublingual route. Group I (n = 10): 1.25 mg; Group II (n = 101:2.5 mg and Group III (n = 7): 5.0 mg. Arterial blood pressure levels and heart rate were determined before the drug administration and every 30 minutes until 120 minutes after dosing. Results - Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) decrease significantly in all patients from 153.43 ± 4.3 to 124.0 ± 2.3 mmHg after 60 minutes and to 118.0 ± 2.1 mmHg after 120 minutes (p < 0.001). Heart rate did not show significant changes with the drug. Clinical significant side effects were not observed. The comparative analysis of MABP curves did not show significant differences among the groups I, II and III. However, a tendency of a greater decrease in MABP was observed in the patients of group III. Conclusion - Isradipine tablets in the dosages of 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mg by sublingual route is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of ambulatorial patients with hypertensive crisis