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Introducción: La ingestión de queroseno conduce a la aparición de diversas complicaciones. Dada su baja viscosidad, en el sistema respiratorio es capaz de llegar a las vías aéreas distales y provocar lesión pulmonar, lo cual requiere atención urgente. La ecografía pulmonar, en la emergencia médica es un pilar que ha aumentado la capacidad de diagnóstico, guía la toma de decisiones y permite estratificar el pronóstico del paciente. Objetivo: Presentar un paciente con neumonitis química por aspiración de queroseno, sus características clínicas y procedimiento ecográfico pulmonar empleado. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 68 años de edad con antecedentes de alcoholismo y epilepsia, que hace tratamiento irregular. Asistió al servicio de urgencias con dificultad respiratoria de varios días de evolución y el precedente de ingesta de queroseno, con broncoaspiración. Se le realizó ecografía pulmonar, según el protocolo Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency; se observó síndrome intersticio alveolar grave, engrosamiento de la línea pleural, microconsolidaciones subpleurales y pérdida grave de la aireación pulmonar. Se le instauró tratamiento con ventilación mecánica invasiva y antibiótico terapia; mejoró el puntaje de aireación pulmonar y el paciente se recuperó. Conclusiones: La insuficiencia respiratoria aguda secundaria a neumonitis química por queroseno, es una entidad clínica compleja en su evaluación; el uso de la ecografía pulmonar constituye una herramienta vital que permite valorar en tiempo real el parénquima pulmonar y la pleura, para tomar decisiones terapéuticas oportunas y precisas.
Introduction: The ingestion of kerosene leads to the appearance of various complications. Given its low viscosity, in the respiratory system, it is capable of reaching the distal airways and causing lung injury, which requires urgent attention. Lung ultrasound, in medical emergencies, is a pillar that has increased diagnostic capacity, guides decision-making and allows stratifying the patient's prognosis. Objective: To present a patient with chemical pneumonitis due to aspiration of kerosene, its clinical characteristics and pulmonary ultrasound procedure used. Clinical case: 68-year-old male patient with a history of alcoholism and epilepsy, which undergoes irregular treatment. He attended Emergency with respiratory distress of several days of evolution and the precedent of ingestion of kerosene, with bronchial aspiration. Lung ultrasound was performed, according to the Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency protocol; severe alveolar interstitial syndrome, thickening of the pleural line, subpleural micro-consolidations, and severe loss of pulmonary aeration were observed. Treatment with invasive mechanical ventilation and antibiotic therapy was established; the pulmonary aeration score improved, and the patient recovered. Conclusions: Acute respiratory failure secondary to chemical pneumonitis due to kerosene is a complex clinical entity in its evaluation; the use of lung ultrasound is a vital tool that allows the lung parenchyma and pleura to be assessed in real time, in order to make timely and precise therapeutic decisions.
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Introduction: Acute oral poisoning in children is potentiallyserious but a preventable cause of childhood morbidity andmortality. Most common age group involved is under fiveyears in particular toddlers. Objective of our study was tostudy the clinical profile of acute oral poisoning amonghospitalized children.Material and Methods: This is a retrospective data analysisof admitted/deceased patients spanning over a period of oneyear from March 2018 to Feb 2019.Results: The acute oral poisoning constituted 1.71% of totalpediatric admissions. The organophosphorus poisoning wasthe commonest followed by kerosene and rat killer poisoning.Conclusion: Organophosphorus ingestions are common acuteoral poisoning especially among fruit growing community inKashmir valley.
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The unhealthy effects of indoor air pollution by cooking fuels is great concern for good respiratory health. Present study was conducted to study and compare the effects of two major fuels used in developing countries like India, Kerosene and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) in rural women of Amritsar, India. Methods: Study was conducted on 800 rural women out of which 400 using Kerosene as cooking fuel and rest 400 using LPG. Subjects of chronic and recent respiratory illness even if treated were excluded Ventilatory functions of lungs were done on computerized spirometer, MED-SPIRER. Results: There was statistically significant decline in FEV1 in Kerosene using women (0.98±0.47) when compared with LPG using women (1.86±0.37). Other parameters FEV3, PEFR, FEF 25-75%, FEF2-12, FEF 25%, FEF 50% FEF 75% and MVV showed similar significant decline in women using Kerosene as fuel. Conclusion: There is significant decline in ventilator function od lungs in women using Kerosene as cooking fuel, which is still used in developing country like India. Reduced values indicate small airway obstruction.
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Background: According to the World Health statistics, in 2016 more than 100000 deaths were caused due to unintentional poisonings. Children are vulnerable due to their smaller body surface area, an inherent behaviour of negation, curiosity in exploring their surroundings, their initial phallic stage where they tend to put any objects they come across into their mouth.Methods: This study is a hospital based retrospective observational study where the records of all the children admitted due to poisoning, accidental or intentional from June 2012 to November 2018 were reviewed. All the children admitted due to food poisoning and idiosyncratic drug reactions were excluded from the study.Results: A total of 203 cases of accidental ingestion were admitted during the study period, of which the majority of the patients were male children. The age group varied from 5 months to 14 years. Majority of the accidental ingestions were due to kerosene (108), followed by insecticides (25) and cleaning agents (20).Conclusions: Poisoning in young children is unintentional and accidental; hence the introduction of safe child resistant containers should be encouraged in storing harmful chemicals. Knowledge about the chemicals, awareness about their hazardous effects and education of the care givers about safe storage would be the first step in the prevention of accidental ingestion. Establishment of a reporting system from all the health care centres and establishment of poison information system at all the levels is the need of the hour.
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Background: Acute poisoning in children is most commonly encountered in day to day practice which contributes a major part of admissions in pediatric intensive units and ward. It is a preventable public health problem. There are limited community based data available because of several reasons including lack of standard case definition, regional variability, poor functioning regulatory and surveillance system. Therefore, authors carried out this study in present set-up.Methods: A prospective observational study carried out at a tertiary care hospital which included all children within the age of 12 years presenting with history and symptoms and signs suggestive of acute poisoning over a period of 1 year after getting consent from parents.Results: Incidence of acute poisoning among children was 4.7%. Maximum cases were in the age group of 1-5 years (79.85%). Among the 278 cases, male children were 154(55.4%) and female were 124(44.6%). Majority of cases were observed in upper lower (43.1%) socio-economic group of Modified Kuppusamy scale. Based on locality, majority of cases were from rural area (66.9%). Accidental poisoning was the most common cause including 88.5% cases. In our study, we found that hydrocarbons were the most common substance of poisoning (58%). The most common clinical presentation in our study was vomiting (24.5%).Conclusions: Incidence of acute poisoning among children is high in our set-up. Lower socio-economic class, rural populations are important epidemiological factors which influences the poisoning event in children.
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Background: Kerosene poisoning, a commonly encountered situation in pediatric emergencies, caused varied systemic manifestations ranging from asymptomatic state to altered sensorium and cardiac arrhythmias. Gupta score has been traditionally used to prognosticate such cases. Limited number of studies have been done previously despite high incidence rates pertaining to laboratory and radiological features. Present study aimed to determine association between these features and outcome in terms of duration of stay.Methods: A retrospective study consisted of all children presented with kerosene poisoning from May 2017 to May 2018. CBC was done within 12 hours of presentation and CXR was taken after 6 hours of exposure. These values were compared against duration of stay to predict prognosis.Results: Most children were in age group of 1-3 years, male predominance 62.9%. Quantity of consumption didn't have any effect on outcome. Large proportion of children were asymptomatic 60%, followed by hurried breathing 31.5% - most frequent presenting complaint. Peak duration of consumption was 4 pm to 8 pm. CBC parameters- Hemoglobin status and WBC counts failed to have correlation with outcome in terms of duration of stay. CXR taken after 6 hours exposure- was imperative to predict outcome.Conclusions: Radiological features on CXR in addition to clinical symptoms could be used to decide likely outcome after kerosene consumption.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of extraction and reverse extraction conditions on the transfer of isoliquiritin. Methods: The extraction rate of isoliquiritin was used as the index to determine the best composition and concentration of complexing extractant. Taking the reverse extraction rate of isoliquiritin as the index, the species and concentration of the reverse extraction agent were investigated, and finally the technological conditions for the extraction and reverse extraction of isoliquiritin from glycyrrhizin ultrafiltration were obtained. Results: The best complexation extraction condition was: the ratio of TRPO to sulfonated kerosene was 7:93, and the extraction rate of isoliquiritin reached 97.60%. The best reverse extraction agent was 0.26% NaOH aqueous solution, and the reverse extraction rate of isoliquiritin reached 95.40%. Conclusion: Under the optimal conditions of extraction and reverse extraction obtained in this experiment, isoliquiritin can be transferred from glycyrrhizin ultrafiltration to complexing extractant and then to alkaline reverse extraction agent, and finally isoliquiritin can be obtained by extraction and reverse extraction.
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Objective: A technological route was established for preparing liquiritigenin from the licorice ultrafiltrate. Methods: U5(53) uniform design was used to optimize the ultrafiltration process with the retention rate of liquiritigenin as the index; Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the complexation extraction process with the extraction rate of liquiritigenin as the index; The technological condition of back extraction of liquiritigenin was determined by the liquiritigenin stripping rate. Results: The optimal ultrafiltration conditions for liquiritigenin were inorganic ceramic membranes with a pore size of 10 nm, a pressure of 0.12 MPa, and solution temperature of 25 ℃, retention rate of liquiritigenin was 98.74%. Optimum complexation extraction conditions were as following: 1% TRPO complexing agent, extraction for 10 min in 5 mL organic phase solution, the extraction rate of liquiritigenin was 99.44%; The 12.5 mmol/L NaOH aqueous solution was the best back-extractant, and the back extraction rate was 98.88%. Conclusion: As a new Chinese medicine extraction technology, ultrafiltration-complexation extraction and back extraction technology have the advantages of high selectivity, high efficiency, and recycling of extractant, which can provide a new preparation technology for the research of liquiritigenin.
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Penicillum janthinellum SDX7 was isolated from aged petroleum hydrocarbon-affected soil at the site of Anand, Gujarat, India, and was tested for different pH, temperature, agitation and concentrations for optimal growth of the isolate that was capable of degrading upto 95%, 63% and 58% of 1%, 3% and 5% kerosene, respectively, after a period of 16 days, at optimal growth conditions of pH 6.0, 30 °C and 180 rpm agitation. The GC/MS chromatograms revealed that then-alkane fractions are easily degraded; however, the rate might be lower for branched alkanes, n-alkylaromatics, cyclic alkanes and polynuclear aromatics. The test doses caused a concentration-dependent depletion of carbohydrates of P. janthinellum SDX7 by 3% to 80%, proteins by 4% to 81% and amino acids by 8% to 95% upto 16 days of treatment. The optimal concentration of 3% kerosene resulted in the least reduction of the metabolites of P. janthinellum such as carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids with optimal growth compared to 5% and 1% (v/v) kerosene doses on the 12th and 16th day of exposure. Phenols were found to be mounted by 43% to 66% at lower and higher concentrations during the experimental period. Fungal isolate P. janthinellum SDX7 was also tested for growth on various xenobiotic compounds.
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Kerosene , Penicillium/growth & development , Penicillium/metabolism , Soil Microbiology , Soil Pollutants/metabolism , Xenobiotics/metabolism , Base Composition , Biotransformation , DNA, Fungal/chemistry , DNA, Fungal/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Genes, rRNA , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , India , Molecular Sequence Data , Penicillium/genetics , Penicillium/isolation & purification , RNA, Fungal/genetics , /genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , TemperatureABSTRACT
This study was done to examine the comparative effect of different concentrations of kerosene and diesel on the ion regulatory characteristics in Tympanotonus fuscatus after exposure. Tympanotonus fuscatus were exposed to different concentrations of kerosene and diesel (10.40, 15.60, 21.00 and 26.00 ml/L) and a control to examine their effect on sodium, potassium and chloride ions in the muscle and viscera for six days. In the muscle, kerosene generally increased the levels of sodium, potassium and chloride ions in the lower concentrations (10.40 and 15.60 ml/ L) above the control values. In the higher concentrations (21.00 and 26.00 ml/L), these parameters were observed to be lower than the control value. Whereas the levels of sodium, potassium and chloride ions in the viscera increased above the control value in all the exposure concentrations except potassium 15.60 ml/L and chloride at 21.00 and 26.00 ml/L concentrations. In the viscera, sodium ion levels were lower than the control value in both kerosene and diesel media except at 21.00 ml/L concentration. Potassium ion levels in kerosene increased above the control values except at 26.00 ml/L, while lower levels of potassium ions were recorded in all the exposure concentrations. Chloride ions were lower than the control value in all the exposure concentrations of kerosene and diesel. The results of this study showed that both kerosene and diesel altered the ion regulatory and osmolality of Tympanotonus fuscatus and kerosene being more effective. The toxicants seem to be parameter and tissue specific in their mode of action.
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of cell-mediated immune suppression effect of rocket kerosene (RK) through dermal application in mice. MethodsSkin delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was used to observe the relation of the RK amount the skin exposed and the cellular immune inhibitory function. Different amount of the undiluted fuel was smeared directly onto the dorsal skin of mice. Mice in negative and positive control groups were treated with acetone. After the last exposure, all the mice except those in negative control group were allergized by evenly smearing with 1% dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) solution on their dorsum. Five days after allergy, 1% DNFB solution was smeared onto right ear of all mice to stimulate the allergic reaction. Twenty-four hours after attack, the auricle swelling, spleen index and thymus index in corresponding mice were determined. In the first series of experiments, different dosages of RK were applied once, and the ICR mice were randomly divided into negative control group, positive control group and experimental group (0.5ml/kg.BW×1, 1ml/kg.BW×1 and 2ml/kg.BW×1 group). In the second series of experiments, the certain and same dosage of RK was applied for different times, and the ICR mice were randomly divided into negative control group, positive control group and experimental group (0.5ml/kg.BW×1, 0.5mL/kg.BW×2, 0.5ml/kg.BW×3, 0.5ml/kg.BW×4 and 0.5mL/kg.BW×5 group). In the third series of experiments, the different dosages of RK were applied more than once, and the ICR mice were randomly divided into negative control group, positive control group and experimental group (0.5ml/kg.BW×5, 1ml/kg.BW×5 and 2ml/kg.BW×5 group). Lymphocyte proliferation experiment in vitro was conducted to observe the persistent time of the cell-mediated immune suppression in mice by RK dermal exposure. The lymphocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin A (Con A) was analyzed by MTT assay, and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+) in peripheral blood and spleen lymphocyte cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. ResultsRK dermal exposure (1ml/kg.BW×1) alleviated the ear edema, suppressed the spleen index elevation and thymus index reduction caused by DNFB sensitization in ICR mice, and the suppression effect increased with exposed dosage and time increasing. RK dermal exposure (1ml/kg.BW×1) suppressed ConAinduced spleen lymphocyte proliferation, and the effect persisted for 20d (P+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood was lower in RK group than in negative control group (P<0.05). ConclusionDermal exposure of RK may have cell-mediated immunotoxicity.
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Periwinkles (Tympanotonus fuscatus) handpicked from the New Calabar River were acclimated to laboratory conditions in the research laboratory of the Chemistry Department of the Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt. They were subjected to concentrations (60, 90, 120, 150 and 200 ml/L) of a petroleum product, kerosene and a control to examine the effect of acute exposure on mortality of the periwinkles. The mean mortality of the periwinkles increasing with the concentration of the kerosene and the exposure time. The mean lethal concentration (96 hr LC50) of the kerosene was 111.14 ml/L, while the 96 hr LC99 was 433.94 ml/L and the probit equation at that hour, Y= -0.80 + 0.007X was significant. The mean lethal time (MLT50) at 60, 90, 120, 150 and 200 ml/L with the associated confidence limits were 90.13 (52.94–126.45), 84.06 (61.40–110.50), 79.02 (42.00–105.06), 73.27 (40.74–96.30) and 70.17 (39.84–94.20) ml/L respectively. The data obtained from the laboratory is an indication that kerosene is toxic to periwinkles which can be extrapolated to field conditions in the event of a spill.
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In rural Africa, a number of alternative treatment options are explored because of poverty and unawareness. Kerosene is one such agent used for the treatment of a myriad of diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of trace amounts of kerosene on lung, heart, brain and intestine in rats. Eighteen rats were used consisting of 6 rats per group. The first and second groups were administered kerosene (0.4 ml of kerosene/kg body weight) through oral and dermal route respectively. Six other rats served as the control. Results showed significant damage to all the tissues examined; with pathologic presentation comprising of pulmonary congestion, severely stunted villi, congestion of coronary vessels, and diffuse spongiosis of the cerebral cortex in kerosene administered group while control group featured no visible lesion. Although As, Al and Cd were not significantly different in kerosene exposed groups compared with control, Si was significantly lower (oral), and significantly increased (dermal) (p<0.05) compared with control. Results of this study suggest that exposure to even small quantities of kerosene may damage a variety of organs/tissues in the body and its exposure to human subjects for whatever reason should be discouraged.
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Background: Kerosene is a commonly available product used for cooking and lighting purposes in many parts of Asia and Africa where it is sold in beverage bottles and jerry cans in both commercial and residential places because of inadequate filling stations. Therefore excessive exposure through both dermal and oral routes is common. Objective: This study is embarked upon to determine the impact of trace amount of kerosene on serum vitamin levels in female Wistar rats. Methods: Kerosene (0.4 ml/kg body weight) was administered to rats either through the oral or dermal route daily for a period of 30 days and the levels of vitamins were estimated using the high performance liquid chromatography technique. Results: Using Student t test only pantothenic acid was not significantly (p>0.05) different when oral or dermal group was compared with control, all other vitamins were significantly decreased (p<0.05), Moreover, using ANOVA, riboflavin, folic, niacin and vitamins A and D were more depleted in rats in oral route of administration than those in dermal group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that exposure to this product either through the oral or dermal route may be detrimental to health as it induced vitamin depletion.
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El suicidio o intento suicida es un proceder muy antiguo, realizado por el ser humano en contra de sí mismo. Se presentó un estudio descriptivo de tres pacientes, que en intento suicida se auto inocularon kerosene, combustible doméstico, lo que desencadenó severa necrosis tisular y lesión pulmonar aguda en uno de ellos. La falta de previsión desde su inicio en el personal facultativo sobre la envergadura de las complicaciones que posteriormente aparecieron, se puso de manifiesto en el estudio. Se realizaron sugerencias para futuros afectados por esta causa.
Suicide or suicidal intend is a very old procedure, carried out by the human being against himself. We presented the descriptive study of three patients who inoculated themselves kerosene, a domestic combustible, in a suicidal intend, unleashing severe tissue necrosis and acute pulmonary lesion in one of them. In the study it was clear the lack of prevision on the reach of the complications that lately appeared, from the part of the medical staff. We made suggestions for the persons injured for this cause in the future.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Young Adult , Suicide, Attempted , Lung Injury/complications , Kerosene/poisoning , Arm Injuries/pathology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Case Reports , NecrosisABSTRACT
Introduction: Poisoning though an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children, has received little attention over the years. Objective : To study the profile of acute poisoning in children less than 15 years age admitted to pediatric ward and PICU of a teaching hospital of Ahmedabad. Materials And Methods : Retrospective analysis of hospital records of pediatric patients admitted with a definite diagnosis of poisoning over a three year period-September 2009 to September 2012.Patients were profiled according to age, sex, poison consumed, symptoms, interval between exposure and presentation, duration of hospital stay, nature of poisoning and demographic profile.Results : A total of 176 cases were analysed completely. The mean age was 4.5 years with an age range of 0.25 to 15 years. The overall male female ratio was 1.17:1. The most common poison was kerosene used as fuel, incidence of insecticide poisoning was low. The mortality was 5.1%. Most patients were from urban background( 83.5%), as many as 59.65% patients presented within first 4 hours after exposure. Accidental poisoning was found in 98.59% of patients rest being suicidal. Mean duration of hospital stay was 3.3 days and vomiting was the commonest clinical manifestation. Conclusion : Poisonings in children in our setup are caused by substances which should not be accessible to children. This fact calls for prospectively designed multicentric studies all over the country to assess the epidemiological and preventive properties of poisoning in children.
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Aim: Many of the studies that have been carried out to investigate the toxicity of kerosene have been large-dose, acute-setting experiments. Although the hepatic and renal damage as a result of kerosene exposure has been demonstrated in an earlier study in female Wistar rats, gender is known to play a role in an animal’s response to a xenobiotic. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of repeated exposure of trace amount of kerosene to male Wistar rats so as to establish if differences in gender of an animal will modulate the toxic response of kerosene in sub-chronic setting. Methods: Twelve male rats were divided equally into 2 groups and administered with 0.4 ml/kg kerosene either through the oral or dermal route; six other rats served as control group. Kerosene administration lasted for 21 days after which blood was obtained through retro-orbital bleeding. Results: Results of the study reveal that while the hepatic enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) as well as other biochemical parameters- bilirubin, urea, creatinine and uric acid were significantly increased, total protein and albumin were significantly reduced (p<0.05). Moreover, in most cases these changes were more significant for oral route than dermal route. Conclusion: These results suggest nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic nature of kerosene in male rats and confirm that the oral route of administration is more dangerous than
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Objective: To see the pattern and prevalence of poisoning in children in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara. The cases were also considered in relevance to the age groups with various agents, the commonly observed clinical features in various poisonings and mortality. Study design: Hospital based retrospective study. Study period: 4 years (January 2006 – January 2010). Study place: Department of Paediatric, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara. Material and Methods: A detailed study of all the case files of the children admitted with various acute poisonings, where the causative agent was known, was done. Results: A total number of 94 children (56 males & 38 females) were admitted with poisoning (1.79% of the total admissions) during that period. Maximum number of children were of the preschool age group i.e. < 5 years (64.89%). Organophosphorus Compounds (OPC) (27%) and Kerosene Oil (23%) were the two most frequent agents involved. The other agents included Snake bite (19%), Drugs/ Chemicals (16%), Dhatura (12%), and Mushroom poisoning (3%). The most common nature of poisoning noted was accidental (95%). The mortality rate observed was 6.38%. Conclusion: OPC and Kerosene Oil poisoning were the two most common poisoning observed in this study comprising almost half the cases; accidental poisoning was the most common pattern noted and there was a male predominance. Early recognition and timely treatment can decrease the mortality.
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The aim of this study was to substitute costly and hazardous compound- xylene, used as clearing agent, with less costly compounds (mixture of xylene and kerosene) having less toxicity and without compromising the cellular integrity and staining characteristics of the sections. Tissues (liver and kidney) obtained from a presumable healthy adult Wistar rat, were fixed in 10 percent formol saline, separated in to five groups (A, B, C, D and E) and processed for light microscopic study adopting H & E staining procedure. During the clearing section, groups A, B, C, D and E were respectively cleared in solvent 1 (xylene only), solvent 2 (70ml xylene : 30ml kerosene), solvent 3 (50ml xylene : 50ml kerosene), solvent 4 (30ml xylene : 70ml kerosene) and solvent 5 (kerosene only). Our result revealed that tissues in groups A, B and C were properly cleared without any morphological impairment. The staining characteristics were also observed to be very bright. Groups D and E however presented poor staining intensity with reduced cellular details. Semi-stained transparent patches were also noticed. It is inferred from the present investigation that a mixture of xylene and kerosene could be employed in the clearing of tissues only at the prescribed ratio i.e. solvent 2 and solvent 3 without posing any health risk or compromising the cellular integrity.
El objetivo de este estudio fue el de sustituir el costoso y peligroso compuesto xileno, utilizado como agente de aclaramiento, por un compuesto menos costoso (mezcla de kerosene y xileno), con menor toxicidad y sin comprometer la integridad celular ni las características de tinción de las secciones. Los tejidos (hígado y riñon) fueron obtenidos a partir de una rata Wistar adulta presumiblemente sana, los que fueron fijados en solución de formalina salina al 10 por ciento, y separadas en cinco grupos (A, B, C, D y E) y tratadas para estudio con microscópico de luz, con tinción H & E. Durante el aclaramiento de las secciones histológicas, los grupos A, B, C, D y E, fueron, respectivamente, aclarados con el disolvente 1 (sólo xileno), solvente 2 (70ml de xileno: 30ml Kerosene), solvente 3 (50ml de xileno: 50ml Kerosene), solvente 4 (30ml xileno: 70ml kerosene) y solvente 5 (sólo el kerosene). Los resultados revelaron que los tejidos de los grupos A, B y C fueron aclarados correctamente sin alteraciones morfológicas. En la tinción también se observó como característica, ser muy brillante. Los grupos D y E, sin embargo presentaron una tinción de pobre intensidad con la reducción de los detalles celulares. Zonas con manchas semitransparentes también fueron observadas. Se infiere que una mezcla de xileno y kerosene podría ser empleado en el aclaramiento de los tejidos, sólo prescrito en la proporción del solvente 2 y 3, sin suponer ningún riesgo para la salud o comprometer la integridad celular.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Kerosene/analysis , Kerosene , Kidney/cytology , Kidney , Xylenes/analysis , Xylenes/standards , Xylenes , Clarifying Agents , Liver/cytology , Liver/ultrastructure , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Chemical pneumonitis induced by hydrocarbon aspiration is rare in Korea. Kerosene is a petroleum distillate with low viscosity and high volatility. We report two adult cases of chemical pneumonitis caused by the accidental aspiration of kerosene. They were treated successfully with antibiotics and systemic corticosteroids, and recovered without complications.