ABSTRACT
Objective To study the influence of different routes of keyhole limpet hemocyanin ( KLH) immuniza-tion on the T-cell-dependent antibody response in mice.Methods SPF Kunming mice were divided into four groups: the intravenous injection group, subcutaneous injection group, intraperitoneal injection group and control group.Each mouse was injected 200 μg KLH intravenously, subcutaneously or intraperitoneally daily for consecutive 10 days, respectively. Mice in the control group were given solvent injection only.Serum concentration of IgG stimulated by KLH antigen was measured 7 days after the last dosing.Spleen was isolated to calculate the organ coefficient and examined by pathology u-sing hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results Intravenously, subcutaneously and intraperitoneally administered KLH stimu-lated the generation of secondary lymphoid follicles and germinal center to varying degrees, B cell apoptosis, increased a-mount of cells in the marginal zone and other pathological changes were observed in the spleen.Intravenous and intraperito-neal administration of KLH led to more pronounced pathological changes compared with that in the subcutaneous injection group.All of the three administration routes of KLH induced generation of IgG antibody, significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).Intravenous injection of KLH generated the highest concentration of IgG and organ coefficient among the three administration routes ( P<0.05) .Conclusions Different immunization routes do affect the production of IgG antibody, organ coefficient and pathological changes in the spleen, and these differences should be taken into consider-ation when analyzing the T cell dependent antibody response in mice.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a model of immune-mediated inner ear disease(IMIED) and to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone between systemic application and round window adminstration. Methods The guinea pigs were injected with keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH) mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant subcutaneouly in the back,and were boosted with KLH mixed with incomplete Freund's adjuvant two weeks later.Meanwhile,a small piece of gelatin sponge full of KLH was delivered on the round window through operation.Thus established a model of IMIED.Micro-osmotic pumps were used to deliver dexamethasone through the round window(PBS control group also set),and systemic application was implemented by intraperitoneal injection.The efficacy was compared by recording auditory brain-stem response(ABR) before and after the treatment. Results None of the 6 guinea pigs in the control group experienced significant hearing loss,while 22 of the 39 guinea pigs in the experiment group suffered from hearing loss beyond 10 dB.Seventeen guinea pigs with hearing loss no less than 15 dB were divided into three groups randomly and were given different treatment.Those(n=6) treated by local application through the round window enjoyed the efficacy and the mean ABR threshold decreased 13.3 dB.Four out of the 6 treated by systemic application enjoyed the efficacy and the mean ABR threshold decreased 13.7 dB.No efficacy was observed in the PBS group. Conclusion The model of IMIED can be successfully induce by KLH through the round window,and dexamethasone administered through the round window is as efficacious as systemic application.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We wanted to determine the safety and efficacy 1 year after intravesical keyhole-limpet hemocyanin (KLH) therapy for the patients suffering with superficial transitional cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 patients with bladder cancer who had undergone transurethral resection were treated with a one-year protocol (once a week for 6 weeks and 12 further treatments every 4 weeks) of KLH 20mg. The local and systemic safety and efficacy were evaluated. RESULTS: In terms of the safety of KLH, 4 patients (6.7%) reported dizziness and slight fever, and 2 (3.3%) experienced urgency. The remaining 54 patients (90.0%) did not report any local side effects during the treatment period. In terms of efficacy, recurrence developed in 32 patients (53.3%) at a mean of 4.5 months after transurethral resection; 28 patients (46.7%) were disease free after 14 months. The univariate analysis showed a greater level of efficacy in the patients suffering with bacille Calmette-Gu rin (BCG)-refractory disease (p=0.0150). No significant differences were found between the low, the intermediate-risk and the high-risk patients in terms of efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study have confirmed the good tolerability of intravesical KLH and better efficacy in the BCG-refractory patients. However, in terms of overall efficacy, intravesical KLH therapy had no superiority over that of other intravesical treatments in terms of the overall efficacy.