Relationship of proprioception, cutaneous sensitivity and strength to postural stability among older adults / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the impacts of proprioception, cutaneous sensitivity and strength on dynamic and static postural stability.Methods From June to November, 2020, a total of 164 elderly participated in this study. Independent parameters included proprioception of knee flexion/extension and ankle dorsi/plantar flexion with proprioception measurement; the cutaneous sensitivity of great toe, first and fifth metatarsals, arch, and heel with monofilament; and strength of ankle dorsi/plantar flexion and hip abduction with isokinetic test. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and center of pressure (COP)-based postural stability tests were conducted to represent dynamic and static postural stability. Exploratory factor and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationship of each generated factor to postural stability outcomes.Results Proprioception was significantly correlated to the score of BBS (r=-0.449, P<0.001) and the root mean square (RMS) of COP in mediolateral direction (r=0.254, P=0.004). Cutaneous sensitivity was significantly correlated to the RMS of COP in the anteroposterior direction (r=0.281, P=0.002). Strength was significantly correlated to the score of BBS (r=0.493, P<0.001).Conclusion Proprioception and strength are related to dynamic postural stability, while proprioception and cutaneous sensitivity are associated with static postural stability.

Effect Of Pain Coping Strategies V/S Kinesthesia, Balance And Agility Exercises In Chronic Knee Oa: A Clinical Trial

Aim: This study is designed to determine better intervention strategies between pain coping strategies and kinesthesia, balance and agility exercises for chronic knee OA. Study design: Experimental study, Randomized Clinical Trial. Method: 40 participants both male and female with physician diagnosed chronic knee OA were assigned into two groups. The objective of the study was explained, and the subjects were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A received kinesthesia, balance and agility exercises which include- Wedding march, Backward wedding march, Side stepping, tandem walk, toe walking, heel walking and then exercises progress into leaning forward, backward and sideways, rocker bottom balance board, carioca cross over maneuver and modified grapevine. Group B received Pain coping strategies involving 10 supervised sessions. Both the groups received treatment protocol of 6 weeks with sessions 3 times / week. WOMAC scores were taken at baseline as well as after 6 week of treatment. Results: Both the groups showed clinically and statistically significant improvement in WOMAC scores at the end of 6-weeks of treatment session. i.e., 47.043±11.753 to 5.815±11.079 in group A and 44.579±8.045 to 27.849±5.216 in group B. Conclusion: A significant improvement were observed in both the groups; however the study has demonstrated that KBA exercises presented more beneficial effects in reduction of pain and improvement of functional status whereas pain coping strategies had beneficiary effects in cognitive and behavioral reactions to pain as they affect pain, functional capacity and psychological functioning.

Evaluation of shoulder kinesthesia in patients with unilateral frozen shoulder

Background: Intact sensory-motor system provides kinesthesia for maintaining joint stability. Joint proprioception or joint kinesthetic sensation is often used alternately to describe a deep sensation of joint motion and joint position sense. Mechanoreceptors located in superficial layer of joint capsule, muscle spindle, golgi tendon organ complex and ligaments around joint provides joint kinesthetic sensation. Frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis is one of the common musculoskeletal disorders encountered in Indian population with a prevalence of almost 50% older patients with diabetes and 2-10% in non-diabetic patients. This study assessed joint kinesthetic sensation during shoulder movements in people with frozen shoulder and healthy controls which may be affected due to presence of disease process or pain. Authors hypothesized that pain and alterations in non-contractile tissues (mainly capsule) around shoulder joint due to frozen shoulder may interfere with the joint kinesthetic sensation.Methods: Case group consisted of 41 participants with frozen shoulder and 41 healthy participants without shoulder pathology. Joint kinesthesia was assessed in frozen shoulders and dominant shoulders using angle reproduction test by actively reproducing the target angle placed passively by the therapist during flexion, abduction, medial and lateral rotation movements. The angle reproduced was measured using universal goniometer by the same therapist and 3 readings were recorded.Results: Results indicate significant differences between the mean difference of angle reproduction test during shoulder movements in cases of frozen shoulder and healthy group (p value <0.05).Conclusions: Significant shoulder kinesthetic deficits were observed in patients with unilateral frozen shoulder. Therefore, clinicians should consider rehabilitation of kinesthesia in treatment of patients with frozen shoulder.

Research Status and Prospects of Lumbar Proprioception Test (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Lumbar dysfunction closely relates to the weakness or deficiency of lumbar proprioception, and accurate and comprehensive lumbar proprioception test is the important basis of training program formulation, efficacy assessment and prognostic evaluation. Compre-hensive lumbar proprioception test includes position sense test, kinesthesia test and vibration sense test. It has been widely used in clinic at abroad, and is rich in test equipments and methods. Domestic research is still at the preliminary stage in this field, and is lack of accurate, ob-jective and unified test methods. According to an overview of relevant literature, this article discussed the lumbar proprioception test meth-ods, the influential factors and reliability of the test, finally, put forward the prospects about the research direction in this field.

Research Status and Prospects of Lumbar Proprioception Test (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Lumbar dysfunction closely relates to the weakness or deficiency of lumbar proprioception, and accurate and comprehensive lumbar proprioception test is the important basis of training program formulation, efficacy assessment and prognostic evaluation. Comprehensive lumbar proprioception test includes position sense test, kinesthesia test and vibration sense test. It has been widely used in clinic at abroad, and is rich in test equipments and methods. Domestic research is still at the preliminary stage in this field, and is lack of accurate, objective and unified test methods. According to an overview of relevant literature, this article discussed the lumbar proprioception test methods, the influential factors and reliability of the test, finally, put forward the prospects about the research direction in this field.

Ação corporal e as reversões entre consciência e movimento: o realismo fenomenológico / Bodily action and the reversibility between consciousness and movement: the phenomenological realism / Acción corporal y las reversiones entre consciencia y movimiento: el realismo fenomenológico

O foco do artigo é a relação entre corporeidade e consciência para explicar como um ato que é pré-reflexivo e involuntário vem a se tornar reflexivo e voluntário, para se expressar posteriormente como pré-reflexivo e voluntário. Primeiro traça um paralelo entre psicólogos que recorreram à psicologia fenomenológica ou descritiva em experimentos sobre a consciência imediata dos sentidos. Segundo, ressalta o corpo como referencial ao movimento e à ação na constituição da autoconsciência, indicando divergências com teorias cognitivas e convergências com a fenomenologia existencial. Terceiro, toma-se o corpo situado interagindo com um mundo real para demonstrar que parte da apreensão fenomenal é concreta e situada. Por isto, se diz que a percepção é uma presentação e não necessariamente uma representação. Por fim, recorre-se a exemplos de estudos recentes em campos como a educação física, dança e ergonomia para sugerir aplicações fenomenológicas ainda pouco exploradas: como delineamento de layouts, planificação de ambientes e prevenção de acidentes...

The focus of the paper is the relation between movement and consciousness to explain how a pre-reflexive and involuntary act becomes reflexive and voluntary, to further on express itself as pre-reflexive and voluntary. First, it traces a parallel among psychologists that used phenomenological or descriptive psychology on experiments about the immediate consciousness of the senses. Second, it emphasizes how descriptive phenomenology recognized the body as reference for movement and action in the constitution of self-consciousness, indicating convergences with existential phenomenology. Third, the situated body is taken in its interactions with the real world to show how phenomenal apprehension is concrete and situated. Thus, it understands perception as a presentation and not necessarily a representation. Finally, it resorts to examples of recent studies in fields such as physical education, dancing, and ergonomics, suggesting an applied field of phenomenology not much explored as designing layouts, planning environments and preventing accidents...

El enfoque del artigo es la relación entre movimiento y consciencia para explicar cómo es que un acto que es pre- reflexivo y involuntario se vuelve reflexivo y voluntario para expresarse, posteriormente como pre-reflexivo y voluntario. Primero traza un paralelo entre psicólogos que recurrieron a la psicología fenomenológica o descriptiva en experimentos sobre la consciencia inmediata de los sentidos. Segundo, resalta el cuerpo como referencial al movimiento y la acción en la constitución del auto consciencia, indicando convergencias con la fenomenología existencial. Tercero, tomase el cuerpo situado interactuando con un mundo real para demostrar que parte de la aprehensión fenomenal es concreta y ubicada. Por eso, se dice que la percepción es una presentación y no necesariamente una representación. Por fin, se recurre a ejemplos de estudios recientes en campos como la educación física, danza y ergonomía para sugerir aplicaciones fenomenológicas todavía poco exploradas, como el delineamiento de layouts, planeación de ambientes y prevención de accidentes...

"Como sei que eu sou eu?": cinestesia e espacialidade nas Conferências Husserlianas de 1907 e em pesquisas neurocognitivas / How do I know that I am myself?: kinesthesia and spatiality in the Husserlian Conferences of 1907 and in neurocognitive research / ¿Cómo puedo saber que soy yo?: cinestesia y espacialidad en las Conferencias Husserlianas de 1907 y en investigaciones neurocognitivas

Husserl definiu cinestesia como a experiência vivida e autoconsciente do movimento e do gesto, associada à unidade corporal, ao desenvolvimento do esquema do ego estendido, e à percepção de espaço. O estudo contrasta dificuldades históricas e colaborações recentes entre fenomenologia e pesquisa experimental. A análise sustenta-se na revisão de estudos clássicos sobre cinestesia e percepção, e em pesquisas neurocognitivas recentes, destacando as implicações para a compreensão da intencionalidade. O conceito de cinestesia refere-se a duas questões fenomenológicas: como sei que eu sou eu, e quem sou eu. O senso de si e da ação presente passam pela integração da consciência reflexiva no desempenho motor e perceptivo, conforme confirmam experimentos fenomenológicos e neurocognitivos sobre situações de ambiguidade proprioceptiva. Tais estudos estão abrindo novas possibilidades para reabilitação de desordens proprioceptivas – como no caso de amputação, comorbidades de auto-imagem e mesmo esquizofrenia – e para colaborações profícuas entre fenomenologia e neurociências cognitivas...

Husserl defined kinesthesia as the self-consciousness lived experience of movement and gesture, associated to the body unity, to the development of an extended ego schema, and to spatial perception. The study contrasts historical difficulties and recent collaborations between phenomenology and experimental research. The analysis is sustained in classical studies review on kinesthesia and perception, and in recent neurocognitive research, emphasizing implications to an understanding of intentionality. The concept of kinesthesia refers to two phenomenological issues: How do I know that I am myself, and who am I. The sense of self and actual action passes through the integration of reflective consciousness in motor action and perception, as confirmed by phenomenological and neurocognitive experiments using proprioceptive ambiguity contexts. Those studies are opening new possibilities to the rehabilitation of proprioceptive disorders – as in the case of amputees, self-image comorbidities and schizophrenia – and also to fruitful collaborations between phenomenology and cognitive neurosciences...

Husserl define cinestesia como la auto-conciencia de la experiencia vivida del movimiento y el gesto, asociado a la unidad del cuerpo, a lo desarrollo de un esquema de ego extendido, y a la percepción espacial. El estudio contrasta las dificultades históricas y recientes colaboraciones entre la fenomenología y la investigación experimental. El análisis se sustenta en la revisión de estudios clásicos en cinestesia y la percepción, y en la investigación neurocognitiva reciente, destacando las implicaciones para la comprensión de la intencionalidad. El concepto de cinestesia se refiere a dos aspectos fenomenológicos: Cómo puedo saber que soy yo, y que yo soy. El sentido de sí mismo y la acción propia pasa por la integración de la conciencia reflexiva en la acción motora, según lo confirmado por experimentos fenomenológicos y neurocognitivos utilizando contextos de ambigüedad propioceptiva. Estos estudios están abriendo nuevas posibilidades para la rehabilitación de los trastornos propioceptivos – como en el caso de los amputados, comorbilidades de imagen de sí mismo y la esquizofrenia – y también a la colaboración fructífera entre la fenomenología y las neurociencias cognitivas...

EVALUATION OF THE MOTOR CONTROL IN AN ASCENDING PHASE AND A DESCENDING PHASE OF THE PASSIVE FORCE ON THE BASIS OF KINETIC - EQUILIBRATING TASK / 体力科学

The purpose of this study was to compare the motor control against the passive force between an ascend phase (AP) and a descend phase (DP), and to investigate the effect of a subject's athletic experience on it. Thirty-four subjects participated in the experiment, and they were classified into an athlete group and a control group. We used a kinetic-equilibrating (K-E) task. Result of K-E task depends on the kinesthesia, because subjects are required to maintain their balance against a passive force under conditions of limited visual and aural feedbacks. Therefore, subjects were instructed to resist the passive force. Their performance was evaluated using parameters such as absolute error, position fluctuation, and variable error that were calculated from position data. Significantly higher values on DP than AP for each parameter in the control group were found. However, the values of both AP and DP were similar in the athlete group. It was suggested that the athlete group could perform the same level of motor control against passive force between AP and DP, although it was more difficult in DP than in AP for the control group.

O Uso de Si e a Educação Psicossomática: Exercícios Estéticos-Políticos da Cultura Somática Moderna / De la educación física y el uso de sí: ejercicios estético-políticos de la cultura somática moderna / The Use of Self and Somatic Education

O artigo explora o papel da educação física na antropologia da modernidade bem como o papel das técnicas corporais surgidas ao longo do século XX. A educação somática proposta pela técnica Alexander, a bioenergética ou o método Pilates são interpretados como elementos de uma estética política que oferece a possibilidade de transformar as experiências de si e concebe uma educação estética com base na expansão das qualidades subjetivas para o auto-conhecimento

Este artículo revisa el papel de la educación física y de las técnicas corporales surgidas a lo largo del siglo XX en la antropología de la modernidad. La educación somática que proponen técnicas corporales como la técnica Alexander, la bioenergética y el método Pilates, se interpreta como elemento de una estético-política que ofrece la posibilidad de transformar las experiencias de la educación física y concibe una educación estética a partir de la expansión de las cualidades subjetivas para el auto-conocimiento

The article explores the role of physical education in the anthropology of modernity as well as the role of corporeal techniques appeared along the 20th century. The somatic education proposed by the Alexander Technique, Bioenergetics or the Pilates Method are interpreted as part of an aesthetic politics which allows to transform the experience of the self and offers an aesthetic education based upon the expansion of subjective qualities for the knowledge of the sel

THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS ANGULAR VELOCITIES ON KNEE KINESTHESIA / 体力科学

In this study, we investigated whether a difference in the angular velocity has an effect on proprioceptive sensibility in 30 healthy subjects. Knee detection of passive motion at five angular velocities (0.1°/s, 0.2°/s, 0.3°/s, 0.4°/s, and 0.5°/s) was carried out from a starting position of 15° knee flexion for extension using a proprioception testing device. At 0.1°/s, the elapsed time was longer than that of the other angular velocities and the angular displacement was bigger as well. There were no significant differences among the remaining angular velocities (0.2～0.5°/s). Therefore it is suggested that a healthy knee has less proprioception at an angular velocity of 0.1°/s.