ABSTRACT
One of the symptoms of COVID-19 is olfactory dysfunction. Most of them resolve spontaneously at an early stage, but there are some cases that remain as sequelae, and there is no established drug treatment at present. This time, we report two cases of olfactory dysfunction after COVID-19 successfully treated with Kampo medicine centered on kososan. Case 1 was a 32-year-old woman. She was diagnosed with COVID-19 eight months ago, and olfactory dysfunction remained after that. She was yin pattern and slight deficiency pattern, and tenderness was found in the groin. We prescribed her tokishigyakukagoshuyushokyoto. After 8 weeks of administration, she felt warm and well, but her olfaction did not change. Depression due to olfactory dysfunction was also conspicuous, so we administered her kososan in combination. Since then, her olfaction has gradually improved. Case 2 was a 17-year-old man. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 four months ago, and olfactory dysfunction remained after that. He was yang pattern and medium or slight deficiency pattern, and with noticeable signs of qi stagnation. We administered him kososan, and his olfaction has gradually improved.
ABSTRACT
The lifetime incidence of cancer in women is about 50%, with some gynecological cancers increasing, and the prevalence of depression in patients is assumed to be about 12-25%1）. Depression is thought to affect not only suicide but also death from cancer2）, and it is important to provide psychological care to patients as survivors from the time they are diagnosed with cancer. Psychotropic drugs are often chosen for treatment, but side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms, drowsiness, and constipation are observed, and the quality of life of cancer patients can be increasingly compromised.In this article, we report on seven cases of gynecological cancer survivors who experienced significant efficacy of kososan for the depression and anxiety resulting from stress they felt during various processes such as diagnosis, notification, treatment, recurrence, and best supportive care (BSC). Kososan is a qi-regulating formula, and its efficacy in improving depression has been described since ancient times. In particular, it can be widely used for qi problems of women with a deficiency pattern, and its application to gynecological cancer treatment is considered to be very useful.
ABSTRACT
In the clause of kososan (Xiāng sū sàn), which was added in “Wazaikyokuho (Hé jì jú fāng)” during the shàoxīng period (1131-1162), there is an anecdote that only the clan used this prescription showed defense against the epidemics at that time. Jiangnan area is the near place where COVID-19 became a pandemic in 2020. Considering these backgrounds and the similarities between the patterns (TM1) from the view point of Kampo medicine and prescriptions including kososan listed in the chapter of Cold Damage (Shanghan) of “Wazaikyokuho,” I hypothesized that formulas from this chapter may be effective for COVID-19. Many prescriptions including kososan in the chapter of Cold Damage were developed for the treatment of epidemics in the Jiangnan area during the Southern Song Dynasty. Epidemics were common at that time and place, and the prescriptions were left for posterity. The Kampo patterns (TM1) of COVID-19 were considered to have characteristics similar to those of the epidemics of the 11-13th century. The formulas including kososan from the chapter of Cold Damage in “Wazaikyokuho” may be effective against COVID-19, which warrants further investigation.
ABSTRACT
Elderly people with chronic lung diseases are always suffered from dyspnea, so they also have much troubles in gastrointestinal functions on the basis of anxiety and insomnia. As a result, they become malnourished with a weakened immune system and are often hospitalized due to respiratory infections for a long time. Their quality of life deteriorates. This time, we experienced an elderly female patient with old pulmonary tuberculosis who was generalized weakness, showed improved appetite loss, physical activity, and dementia symptoms by taking ninjin'yoeito and kososan. She could avoid re-hospitalization due to respiratory infections. Ninjin'yoeito enhanced her energy and physical strength. As a result, she seems to have become markedly healthy. This prescription is expected to be useful for the rapidly increasing number of elderly patients with chronic lung diseases.
ABSTRACT
A patient with intractable glossalgia was successfully treated with a combination of three Kampo medicines : orengedokuto, bukuryoin, and kososan extracts. Then, 3 more patients with glossalgia were administered similar treatment based on the experience of the first case. The clinical features of these four patients and the efficacy of the combination Kampo treatment are reported herein. <br>A 61-year-old man with a 3-year history of glossalgia had been treated with psychopharmaceuticals for 4 months at another hospital, without any relief from symptoms. Upon referral to this Kampo clinic, the patient was treated with goreisan extract, daisaikoto extract, or other Kampo medicines, but these medicines were not effective. The prescription was then changed to a combination of orengedokuto, nichinto, and kososan extracts, which ameliorated the glossalgia symptoms almost by half. Furthermore, the glossalgia improved completely after the nichinto extract in the Kampo combination was replaced with bukuryoin extract. <br>After successful treatment of the first patient, three other patients were treated with the same Kampo combination. Two patients showed improvement within 2 weeks, but the combination treatment was ineffective in the other patient, whose symptoms finally improved with a zinc supplementation from Polaprezinc. The clinical features of the patients with good outcome were generally characterized by a combination of symptoms such as glossalgia, tendency toward depression, and digestive symptoms. <br>The combination treatment was prescribed as a substitute for seinetsugeutsuto decoction, and it was effective in three of the four patients with glossalgia. These results indicate that the combination treatment could be a candidate medicine to treat glossalgia.
ABSTRACT
The practical use of abdominal examination is a major characteristic of Kampo medicine. Although most Kampo medical texts describe an abdominal examination for a Kampo formula, comparative studies between texts have not contributed to any standardized descriptions for such examinations. We investigated descriptions of 147 prescription Kampo extract formulations in Kampo texts written after the Showa Era, and obtained the following results. Abdominal examinations were described differently by authors, even for the same prescription. Additionally, we examined the descriptions for anchusan (安中散) and kososan (香蘇散), which are called the <i>Gosei </i>school formulae (後世方). Descriptions of abdominal examinations for these drugs were not quoted from an original Chinese medical text, but were empirically constituted in Japan. As knowledge was accumulated, these various descriptions were created through limited personal connections, and/or the opinions of particular authorities. We suggest that a consensus on abdominal examinations would further studies on the viability of traditional medicines, and better characterize Kampo medicine.
ABSTRACT
Generally, as for the Bell paralysis in facial nerve paralysis, about 70% are cured spontaneously, and, as for the remainder, steroid and antiviral agent (aciclovir) medical treatment are taken, but treatment of the Western medicine is invalid in the serious case. As a result, the paralysis remains and the aftereffects of the morbid synkinesis is caused. Finally, it becomes the result of greatly damaging QOL because of features of a peculiar face for the patient.The case is 29-year-old pregnant woman and primipara. Abnormality was not especially found in the previous history without what had to be mentioned specially while getting pregnant. A right paralysis of facial nerve developed suddenly cold early morning of 35 gestational weeks (paralysis score 0/40). She gave birth naturally without the effect though the steroid was treated by otorhinolaryngologist. After birth, Kampo treatments were begun with Kakkonto and Saireito for two months. Place where those medicines changed to Daisangoshichisanryo and Kososan because of invalidity, an eye closure and open eyes would become smooth in two weeks, and it recovered in almost one month. Here is a first reported case that concurrent Kampo therapy with Daisangoshichisanryo and Kososan were effective for patient with paralysis of facial nerve that developed during pregnancy.
ABSTRACT
It is important to treat patients with spleen <i>qi</i> deficiency not only with formulations for their deficiency, but also with formulations to improve <i>qi</i> stagnation. Rikkunshito plus Cyperi Rhizoma, Amomi Semen and Agastache rugosa, which improve <i>qi</i> circulation, was effective in cases 1 and 2 herein. We examined when and how to prescribe kososan with formulations for spleen <i>qi</i> deficiency, with reference to kosharikkunshito. Kososan and rikkunshito were effective in cases 3 and 4. Based on rikkunshito indication, a patient with weaker constitution was prescribed shikunshito (case 8), a patient with diarrhea and vertigo was prescribed shinbuto (cases 5 and 6), and a patient with severe coldness was prescribed ninjinto (case 7). Kososan played a supplementary role in treatment, and can be prescribed with other medicines. Not only gastrointestinal symptoms, but also various other complaints were improved by adding kososan to prescriptions for spleen <i>qi</i> deficiency.
ABSTRACT
It is important to treat patients with spleen <I>qi</I> deficiency not only with formulations for their deficiency, but also with formulations to improve <I>qi</I> stagnation.Rikkunshito plus Cyperi Rhizoma, Amomi Semen and Agastache rugosa, which improve <I>qi</I> circulation, was effective in cases 1 and 2 herein.We examined when and how to prescribe kososan with formulations for spleen <I>qi</I> deficiency, with reference to kosharikkunshito. Kososan and rikkunshito were effective in cases 3 and 4.Based on rikkunshito indication, a patient with weaker constitution was prescribed shikunshito (case 8), a patient with diarrhea and vertigo was prescribed shinbuto (cases 5 and 6), and a patient with severe coldness was prescribed ninjinto (case 7).Kososan played a supplementary role in treatment, and can be prescribed with other medicines.Not only gastrointestinal symptoms, but also various other complaints were improved by adding kososan to prescriptions for spleen <I>qi</I> deficiency.
ABSTRACT
I will illustrate our research, which elucidate the efficacy of Kampo medicines for “Ki”.In order to compare hangekobokuto with kososan, we assessed them by binocular infrared video pupillography. The results revealed that sympathetic nerve activity was inhibited by taking hangekobokuto in the patients belonging to sympathetic dominant group, while it was stimulated by taking kososan in the patients belonging to parasympathetic dominant group.Administration of hangekobokuto has decreased the value of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. This result suggests that hangekobokuto ameliorates the elasticity of vascular wall, which is closely related to autonomic nervous system.The gastric emptying rate, which was evaluated by ultrasonographic method in FD patients, showed its significant increase after administration of hangekobokuto.Global gene expression analysis using a DNA chip has shown the pharmacological actions of kososan.In the animal study using depression-like model mice, we have found that kososan decreased the suppression of neurogenesis.
Subject(s)
Medicine, Kampo , Biomedical ResearchABSTRACT
We report a case of an anorectic 71-year-old male post-gastrectomy patient who was successfully treated with Koso-san and Rikkunshi-to. The patient underwent resection for early gastric cancer (0-IIa+IIc). After partial gastrectomy, he suffered from nausea and vomiting. He was treated with endoscopic balloon dilatation at the anastomotic site, and was simultaneously treated with some western drugs. However, he was completely unable to eat because of nausea and vomiting. Oriental medicine was then recommended. We treated him with Kampo medicines in combination with parenteral nutrition. After the administration of Koso-san, his nausea and vomiting disappeared immediately and he could ingest a fluid diet. Further, after the administration of Koso-san and Rikkunshi-to, his food intake increased. Finally, he could eat ordinary meals and his food intake reached an adequate level. This suggests that Koso-san and Rikkunshi-to are useful in the treatment of anorectic patients after gastrectomy.