Laboratory derangements and clinical picture of Covid-19 in pediatric age group: A retrospective study

Aim: To assess the clinical presenta?on and laboratory derangements of pediatric covid-19 pa?ents admi?ed to the ter?ary care hospital. Methodology: The present retrospec?ve study was started a?er the approval of the Ins?tu?onal Ethics Commi?ee. Clinical (Sp02, final diagnosis and outcome) and biochemical parameters (Complete Blood Count, Liver Func?on Test, Renal Func?on Test, Lactate De-Hydrogenase, D-dimer, C-Reac?ve Protein, and Serum ferri?n) of pediatric covid-19 pa?ents were collected from Central Laboratory and Medical Record Department of our ins?tu?on. Pa?ent names were anonymized and data were analyzed. The results are expressed in percentages. Results: A total of 16 pediatric covid-19 pa?ent details were iden?fied and collected who were admi?ed during our study period. Out of 16 pa?ents, 09 (56.2%) were female and the remaining 07 (43.7%) were male. Out of 16, 05 pa?ents had mild covid, 07 were moderate and the remaining 04 suffered from severe covid-19 infec?on. The mean values of oxygen satura?on, LDH, D-dimer, CRP, and Ferri?n were 88%, 249.4U/L, 1140.9 ng/ml, 16.17 mg/dl, and 61.7 µg/L respec?vely. Mean values of 17.9 mg/dl and 0.4 mg/dl were recorded for blood urea and S.crea?nine. Regarding liver func?on tests, mean values of 1.7mg/dl, 0.2mg/dl, 1.5mg/dl, 82.4 U/L, 55 U/L, 135.6 U/L respec?vely noted for total bilirubin, direct, indirect, SGOT, SGPT and ALP. Regarding pa?ent outcomes, all the pa?ents were covered and discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: The present study has found an increase in laboratory mean values of liver func?on tests but the mean values of C-Reac?ve protein, LDH, and d-dimer which are the acute inflammatory markers are highly disrupted compared to normal ranges.

A STUDY ON CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS AND LABORATORY PROFILE OF ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN ADMITTED IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Introduction: Acute glomerulonephritis is the most common reversible cause of kidney disease in children. Although most common presentations are oedema, hypertension, haematuria and oliguria, glomerulonephritis may manifest with atypical features. The aim of the study was to evaluate the Aims and objectives: frequency of various clinical manifestations of glomerulonephritis and to identify various abnormalities in laboratory pro?le in children with glomerulonephritis. 30 children admitted in paediatric department, King George Materials and methods: Hospital, Visakhapatnam with clinical features of glomerulonephritis were enrolled into the study . Data on clinical features, laboratory parameters and outcome was recorded. Males were more commonly affected. Majority were in the age Results: group of 9-12 years. Most common presentation was facial puf?ness. Atypical presentations were observed in 40% cases. Anaemia was observed in 50% cases. Hypertension was seen in 56% of cases. PSGN was commonest cause of AGN. Hypocomplementemia was seen in 80% cases. Even though most children with acute glomerulonephritis present Conclusion: with common clinical features, early identi?cation of atypical presentations of acute glomerulonephritis should be emphasised as their prompt recognition can lead to reduction in mortality

Early warning value of laboratory parameters in patients with severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To explore the early warning value of laboratory parameters in patients with severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).Methods:The clinical data of 101 patients with HFRS hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases of the First Hospital of Changsha from December 2013 to December 2020 were collected and analyzed. The differences of clinical routine laboratory parameters between mild and severe HFRS patients were compared and analyzed. The statistical methods including independent sample t test, rank sum test, chi-square test, Spearman rank correlation analysis, logistic regression analysis and receiver operator characteristic curve were used. Results:Among 101 patients with HFRS, 38 cases were in severe group and 63 cases in mild group. White blood cell count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), prothrombin time (PT), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and D-dimer in severe group were higher than those in mild group, while platelet count and albumin were lower than those in mild group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=8.61, Z=-3.76, t=4.19, Z=-2.84, Z=-7.23, t=4.98, t=4.64, t=36.02, Z=-5.49 and t=4.14, respectively; all P<0.050). Severe HFRS was positively correlated with white blood cell count, AST, PT, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), CK-MB, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and D-dimer ( r=0.629, 0.376, 0.549, 0.471, 0.723, 0.500, 0.341 and 0.588, respectively; all P<0.001). White blood cell count, albumin, PT and CK-MB were independent influencing factors for the progression of severe HFRS (odds ratio ( OR)=0.922, 1.374, 0.730 and 0.938, respectively; all P<0.050). The area under curve (AUC) of white blood cell count, albumin, PT and CK-MB for the early warning prediction of severe HFRS were 0.869, 0.739, 0.785 and 0.931, respectively, with the optimal thresholds for prediction of 26.38×10 9/L, 26.05 g/L, 15.95 s and 35.5 U/L, respectively.And the AUC of the combined detection of the above laboratory parameters was 0.950, with the sensitivity of 87.3% and the specificity of 94.7%. Conclusions:White blood cell count, albumin, PT and CK-MB could be used as independent influencing factors for early warning of severe HFRS. Combined detection is more helpful for early warning of severe HFRS than single detection.

Parámetros de laboratorio clínico en pacientes con la COVID-19 / Clinical laboratory parameters in patients with COVID-19

Introducción: Conocer las alteraciones en exámenes de laboratorio clínico, es de utilidad en el diagnóstico y el progreso de pacientes con la COVID-19. Objetivo: Describir los parámetros de laboratorio clínico en pacientes diagnosticados con la COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo en 82 pacientes hospitalizados con la COVID-19. Las variables analizadas fueron edad, sexo, comorbilidad, reporte de paciente, estado al egreso, hemoglobina, recuento de glóbulos blancos, conteo absoluto de neutrófilos, conteo absoluto de linfocitos, conteo de plaquetas, eritrosedimentación, dímero D, creatinina, urea, alanina aminotransferasa, aspartato aminotransferasa, #947;-glutamil transpeptidasa, fosfatasa alcalina, lactato deshidrogenasa, relación neutrófilos/ linfocitos y de plaquetas/ linfocitos. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 55,61 ± 22,04, fue mayoría el sexo femenino (57,3 por ciento), hipertensos (41,5 por ciento), el 18,3 por ciento reportados de grave y el 14,6 por ciento falleció. La edad avanzada y la comorbilidad se asociaron al reporte de gravedad. Hubo disminución significativa de la hemoglobina, linfocitos; elevación de la eritrosedimentación, dímero D, creatinina, #947;-glutamil transpeptidasa y lactato deshidrogenasa, sobre todo en graves. La relación neutrófilos/ linfocitos y de plaquetas/ linfocitos alertaron sobre el agravamiento del paciente y la posibilidad de fallecer. Conclusiones: Los pacientes tenían una media de edad de 55,61, del sexo femenino, con hipertensión arterial; egresaron vivos, reportados de no graves. Disminuyen los valores medios de hemoglobina, conteo global de los linfocitos, sobre todo en graves; aumenta el dímero D, creatinina, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, y LD. La relación neutrófilos/ linfocitos y de plaquetas/ linfocitos muestran valores medios altos, sobre todo en graves y en quienes fallecieron (AU)

Introduction: Knowing the alterations in clinical laboratory tests is useful in the diagnosis and progress of patients with COVID-19. Objective: To describe the clinical laboratory parameters in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: Descriptive study in 82 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The variables analyzed were age, sex, comorbidity, patient report, discharge status, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, D-dimer, creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, neutrophil / lymphocyte and platelet / lymphocyte ratio. Results: The average age was 55.61 ± 22.04, the majority were female (57.3 percent), hypertensive (41.5 percent), 18.3 percent reported serious and 14.6 percent died. Advanced age and comorbidity were associated with the severity report. There was a significant decrease in hemoglobin, lymphocytes; elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, D-dimer, creatinine, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and lactate dehydrogenase, especially in severe patients. The neutrophil / lymphocyte and platelet / lymphocyte ratio warned about the worsening of the patient and the possibility of death. Conclusions: The patients a mean age of 55.61, female, with arterial hypertension; they were discharged alive, reported as not serious. Mean hemoglobin values ​​decrease, global lymphocyte count, especially in severe patients; increases D-dimer, creatinine, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, and LD. The neutrophil / lymphocyte and platelet / lymphocyte ratio show high mean values, especially in severely ill patients and in those who died(AU)

Criterios de laboratorio clínico y su utilidad como predictores del diagnóstico de síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus / Clinical laboratory criteria and its utility as predictive of diagnosis of the cardiopulmonary syndrome by hantavirus

Resumen Introducción: La infección por hantavirus es una zoonosis emergente, endémica en Chile, generando el síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus (SCPH), caracterizado por disfunción cardiopulmonar con falla respiratoria rápidamente progresiva y altamente letal. Para una orientación clínica precoz del SCPH, debido a su poca especificidad en síntomas y ayudar al diagnóstico diferencial, se han estudiado algunos parámetros de laboratorio que puedan ser de utilidad. Objetivo: Identificar criterios del laboratorio como factores predictores del diagnóstico de SCPH en pacientes con sospecha de enfermedad por hantavirus. Metodología. Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva de 71 pacientes que ingresaron a Urgencia del Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente. Se determinó la capacidad discriminativa de parámetros de laboratorio al momento de ingreso: recuento de plaquetas, hematocrito, inmunoblastos, TTPa y GOT. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en los parámetros estudiados entre pacientes confirmados (n: 22) con respecto a los no confirmados (n: 49). Hematocrito, inmunoblastos, GOT y TTPa tuvieron un OR > 1 y las plaquetas un OR < 1. La mejor combinación para predecir SCPH fue hematocrito, plaquetas y GOT con sensibilidad 90,9% y especificidad 81,6%. Conclusión: Los cinco parámetros estudiados son buenos predictores de SCPH en pacientes con sospecha del mismo y podrían ser útiles en hospitales de baja complejidad para rápido traslado a centro que cuente con unidad de pacientes crítico.

Background. The hantavirus infection is an emerging zoonotic disease, endemic in Chile, generating the hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), characterized by cardiopulmonary dysfunction with rapidly progressive respiratory failure and high lethality. For an early clinical orientation of HCPS, due to its non-specificity in symptoms and to help the differential diagnosis, some laboratory parameter that may be useful have been studied. Aim: To identify laboratory criteria as predictive factors of HCPS in patients with suspected hantavirus infection. Methodology: Retrospective cohort study of 71 patients admitted to the Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente Emergency. We determined discriminative capacity of laboratory's parameters at the time of admission: platelets recount, hematocrit, inmunoblasts, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT). Results: Were found significant differences in all parameters studied between confirmed patients (22) with respect to unconfirmed (49). Hematocrit, inmunoblasts, AST/GOT and aPTT had a OR > 1 and platelets count had a OR < 1. The best combination for predict HCPS was hematocrit, platelets count and AST/GOT with 90,01% sensibility and 81,63% specificity. Conclusion: The five parameters studied are good predictors of HCS in suspicious patients and they would may be useful in low complexity hospitals for quick transfer a center with critical care units.

Fasceítis necrotizante cervical: consideraciones para el manejo precoz / Cervical necrotizing fascitis: considerations for early management

RESUMEN La fasceítis necrotizante cervical (FNC) es una infección que afecta la fascia cervical y tejido subcutáneo, diseminándose rápidamente a través de los planos fasciales con una alta tasa de mortalidad. Si bien, las imágenes son una herramienta de apoyo fundamental para el diagnóstico, éste sigue siendo eminentemente clínico, presentando una rápida progresión de síntomas en pocas horas. El objetivo de esta presentación fue identificar factores descritos con peor pronóstico en el diagnóstico precoz de la FNC. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de serie de casos de pacientes con diagnóstico de FNC en los últimos 10 años en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau (HBLT). Se identificaron 5 pacientes, dentro de los cuales, los parámetros clínicos y de laboratorio a destacar fueron el dolor desproporcionado y rápido deterioro de exámenes de laboratorio. En los casos que había signos sugerentes de FNC en la tomografía computarizada, se favoreció el manejo quirúrgico agresivo, mientras que, en quienes no había imágenes sugerentes de FNC, se postergó el diagnóstico y su manejo precoz, provocando un desenlace fatal. La FNC constituye un cuadro grave en el que la sospecha clínica y rapidez de inicio del tratamiento resultan fundamental en el pronóstico.

ABSTRACT Cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) is an infection that affects the cervical fascia and subcutaneous tissue. It is characterized by a rapid dissemination trough the fascial planes, with a high rate of mortality. Even tough imaging results a fundamental diagnostic tool, it is still made by clinic signs with rapid progression of symptoms in few hours. Here, we identify worse prognostic factors in the precocious diagnosis of CNF, from five cases presented in our center. A descriptive case-series study was performed in patients with CNF in the last ten years in the Otolaryngology Department of Barros Luco Trudeau Hospital. Five patients were identified, between the clinical and laboratory parameters. A disproportional pain and rapid deterioration of the laboratory exams were the most highlighted features. In the cases with suggestive signs of CFN in the CT scan, allowed an aggressive surgical management, while in those that had no suggestive images the diagnosis was delayed and therefore their management ended in a fatal outcome. CFN constitutes a severe picture in wich clinical suspicion and a prompt initiation of treatment are fundamental in its prognosis.

Paraneoplastic hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary neoplasms / Anormalidades hematológicas, bioquímicas e hemostáticas de origem paraneoplásica em fêmeas caninas com neoplasia mamária

Paraneoplastic laboratory abnormalities are identified in several types of cancers in dogs and cats. In veterinary medicine, particularly in mammary cancer, there are few studies that correlate abnormal laboratory findings with tumor type and staging. The aim of this study was to evaluate hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities and correlate them with mammary tumor staging in female dogs with mammary cancer. Blood samples from 24 female dogs were evaluated, and the hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic parameters were correlated with tumor staging obtained by physical examination, imaging exams, and histopathological surgical biopsies. The groups were organized according to tumor staging: group 1 (stages I and II), group 2 (stage III), and group 3 (stages IV and V). Anemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, and low blood urea were observed. The variables MCHC, TPP, and RDW were correlated with tumor staging with no clinical relevance. Thrombin time and fibrinogen were significant between the groups in the coagulation test, being associated with tumor staging. The findings suggest influence of the proinflammatory cytokines released during tumor growth.(AU)

Alterações laboratoriais de origem paraneoplásica são identificadas em diversos tipos de câncer de cães e gatos. Na medicina veterinária, existem poucos estudos que correlacionam os achados laboratoriais anormais com o tipo e estadiamento tumorais, principalmente em cadelas com neoplasia mamária. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações hematológicas, bioquímicas e hemostáticas em cadelas com neoplasia mamária e relacioná-las com o estadiamento tumoral. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 24 fêmeas caninas, e os parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos e hemostáticos obtidos foram relacionados com o estadiamento tumoral, realizado através do exame físico, exames de imagem e avaliação histopatológica após remoção cirúrgica. Os grupos foram organizados de acordo com o estadiamento tumoral em: Grupo 1 (estádios I e II), grupo 2 (estádio III) e grupo 3 (estádios IV e V). Observou-se anemia, leucocitose neutrofílica, monocitose, eosinofilia, trombocitose, hipoalbuminemia, hipocalcemia, hipoglicemia e diminuição de ureia sanguínea. As variáveis CHCM, PPT e RDW foram relacionadas com o estadiamento tumoral, porém sem relevância clínica. Nos testes de coagulação, o TT e o fibrinogênio apresentaram diferença significativa entre os grupos, sendo associado com estadiamento tumoral. Os resultados sugerem influência das citocinas pró-inflamatórias liberadas durante o crescimento do tumor.(AU)

Monitoramento de parâmetros laboratoriais em gatos sem raça definida durante o período neonatal / Monitoring of laboratory parameters during neonatal period in mixed-bred cats

O objetivo do presente estudo foi à monitoração dos parâmetros laboratoriais como hemograma, enzimas hepáticas alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e gama-glutamiltransferase (GGT), glicemia e proteinograma sérico, e avaliar o efeito da idade em gatos sem raça definida durante a fase neonatal. Vinte gatos machos e fêmeas foram utilizados a partir do terceiro dia de vida até o 38º dia de idade. As amostras de sangue foram colhidas semanalmente e as análises laboratoriais (hemograma, enzimas hepáticas, glicemia e proteinograma sérico) realizadas no 3º, 10º, 17º, 24º, 31º e 38º dia de idade. Os resultados exibiram efeito significativo da idade sobre a contagem total de eritrócitos, concentração de hemoglobina, volume globular, volume corpuscular médio, concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média, leucócitos totais, neutrófilos, eosinófilos e basófilos. Nenhum efeito foi observado em células como linfócitos, monócitos ou na concentração sérica de glicose. A análise das modificações ocorridas nos parâmetros laboratoriais durante a fase neonatal reflete o desenvolvimento fisiológico do filhote e contribui para o conhecimento do processo adaptativo em gatos neonatos durante o primeiro mês de vida, sendo útil para a avaliação clínica, diagnóstico e tratamento das doenças neonatais.(AU)

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of age on blood count, liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), glycemia and on protein profile in mixed-breed cats during the neonatal phase. Twenty male and female cats were used from 3 to 38 days after birth. Weekly blood samples were obtained and laboratory analyses (blood count, liver enzymes, glycemia and protein profile) were performed on the 3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th, 31st and 38th day of age. The results exhibited significant effect of age on total red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, total leukocyte count, mean segmented neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils. No effect was observed in lymphocyte, monocyte and glucose concentration. The analysis of changes in laboratory parameters which occurred during the neonatal period reflects the physiological development of the kitten and contributes to knowledge of the adaptive process in neonates cats during the first month of life, and is useful for clinical assessment, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal diseases.(AU)

Kawasaki Disease: Laboratory Findings and an Immunopathogenesis on the Premise of a "Protein Homeostasis System"

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limited systemic inflammatory illness, and coronary artery lesions (CALs) are a major complication determining the prognosis of the disease. Epidemiologic studies in Asian children suggest that the etiologic agent(s) of KD may be associated with environmental changes. Laboratory findings are useful for the diagnosis of incomplete KD, and they can guide the next-step in treatment of initial intravenous immunoglobulin non-responders. CALs seem to develop in the early stages of the disease before a peak in inflammation. Therefore early treatment, before the peak in inflammation, is mandatory to reduce the risk of CAL progression and severity of CALs. The immunopathogenesis of KD is more likely that of acute rheumatic fever than scarlet fever. A hypothetical pathogenesis of KD is proposed under the premise of a "protein homeostasis system"; where innate and adaptive immune cells control pathogenic proteins that are toxic to host cells at a molecular level. After an infection of unknown KD pathogen(s), the pathogenic proteins produced from an unknown focus, spread and bind to endothelial cells of coronary arteries as main target cells. To control the action of pathogenic proteins and/or substances from the injured cells, immune cells are activated. Initially, non-specific T cells and non-specific antibodies are involved in this reaction, while hyperactivated immune cells produce various cytokines, leading to a cytokine imbalance associated with further endothelial cell injury. After the emergence of specific T cells and specific antibodies against the pathogenic proteins, tissue injury ceases and a repair reaction begins with the immune cells.

Limitation of Prediction on Intravenous Immunoglobulin Responsiveness in Kawasaki Disease / 소아감염

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate predictive parameters for non-response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) before IVIG use using two controls. METHODS: We evaluated 229 consecutive KD patients who were treated with 2 g/kg of IVIG at a single center. Those who had persistent fever >24 hours after IVIG infusion made up the 23 IVIG non-responders; the first control included a total 206 defervesced cases and the second control included 46 cases that were matched for age and pre-treatment fever duration to non-responders. RESULTS: Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in IVIG non-responders and responders at presentation. As for laboratory findings, the neutrophil differential, CRP, AST, ALT, and LDH were higher, and lymphocyte differential, total protein, albumin, platelet count, and total cholesterol were significantly lower in IVIG non-responders compared to responders by univariate analysis in both study designs. However in multivariate analysis, non-responders showed a significantly higher neutrophil differential (cutoff value, >77%, sensitivity 68.4% and specificity 79.5%) and lower cholesterol (<124 mg/dL, sensitivity 79% and specificity 70.5%). Whereas plasma albumin (<3.6 g/dL, sensitivity 73.7% and specificity 60%) was the sole laboratory parameter of non-responders in the second study design. CONCLUSION: Severity of inflammation in KD was reflected by higher or lower laboratory values at presentation. Because the multivariate analysis for these indices may be influenced by some confounding factors, including the numbers of patients of different ages and fever duration, other assessment modalities are needed for KD patients with the greatest risk of coronary artery lesions.

Correlation of Traditional Chinese Medical Syndrome Patterns with Renal Pathological Changes and Clinical Laboratory Parameters in Patients with Lupus Nephritis / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To explore the relationship of traditional Chinese medical syndrome patterns with renal pathological changes and clinical laboratory parameters in patients with lupus nephritis.Methods Syndrome patterns were differentiated according the clinical manifestations.The data of laboratory examination and renal pathology were collected and analyzed in 40 patients with lupus nephritis.Results(1) Of the fundamental syndrome patterns,pattern of spleen and kidney Qi deficiency had higher activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and 24-hour urine protein amount than the pattern without spleen and kidney Qi deficiency.(2) Of the incidental syndrome patterns,water-damp pattern had higher APTT than damp-turbidity pattern;hemoglobin(HGB) level in water-damp pattern and damp-turbidity pattern was lower than the normal,and HGB level in water-damp pattern differed from that in blood-staiss pattern and damp-heat pattern(P

Initial Laboratory Parameters Affecting Survival Rate in Patients Poisoned with Paraquat

PURPOSE: Paraquat (1,1-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium chloride) is widely a used non- selective herbicide. In spite of efforts to improve the outcome in patients poisoned with paraquat, the mortality rates still remains high. The purpose of this study is to identify initial stat laboratory parameters which can affect the survival rate of these patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis by chart review was done on 67 patients who had ingested paraquat and who had presented to the Emergency Medical Center of Chonnam University Hospital from June 1997 to July 2001. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) Survivors were significantly younger than the nonsurvivors (38 years vs 44 years, p=0.03). The volume of paraquat ingested by survivors was significantly smaller than that ingested by the deceased (1 mouthful vs 3 mouthfuls, p<0.001). 2) The WBC count and the levels of serum AST, BUN and serum creatinine in the deceased were significantly higher than those in the survivors. The levels of serum potassium and bicarbonate, arterial pH, and base excess in survivors were significantly higher than those in the deceased. 3) A multivariate analysis revealed that serum creatinine, serum potassium, and arterial base excess were associated with the fatality rate. CONCLUSION: Initial stat laboratory parameters including arterial blood gas analysis, renal function test, and serum electrolytes could be used to predict the outcome of patients poisoned with paraquat. However, the development of readily applicable and reliable indices predicting outcome is desired for the future.