Perceptions regarding Problem-Based Learning as a Teaching Learning Strategy among medical students.

Background & Objectives: Problem-based learning (PBL) in medical education can be considered as the most significant innovation in educational tools in the past 35 years. This study was conducted to evaluate the students’ perceptions regarding PBL which will provide inputs to rectify the curriculum. Methods: The study was conducted in two years on two batches of 100 students each. Six PBL exercises on different topics were successively allotted to each batch of students in groups of 15-18. At the end of each year, the students were asked to fill a 21-item questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale, regarding their perceptions for PBL. The mean/median scores of ≥3 was considered as positive attitude towards PBL Results: For 20 items related to PBL as T-L strategy and its effect on professional attitude, the mean/median scores was observed to be ≥3. Mean score of 2.04 and median score of 2 was found for the item that considered PBL as a waste of time; reinforcing the liking for PBL. Interpretation and Conclusion: PBL empowers students to engage in collaborative learning, improves inter-personal skills, enhances pre-existing knowledge and develops a professional attitude. It is recommended that it should be integrated in future Indian medical curriculum.

Recursos de aprendizaje en la asignatura de Psiquiatría para la formación del Médico Integral Comunitario / Learning resources in the subject Psychiatry for the formation of the comprehensive community physician

Se realizó una investigación descriptiva basada en la revisión bibliográfica de documentos curriculares, normativos y metodológicos de la carrera de Medicina en Cuba y en la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, mediante análisis y discusión con especialistas de Psiquiatría, profesores del Programa Nacional de Formación del Médico Integral Comunitario (PNFMIC) y grupo asesor de diseño de la Coordinación Nacional de la Misión Médica Cubana Barrio Adentro, con el objetivo de diseñar los recursos del aprendizaje a utilizar en dicha asignatura. En la elaboración de los recursos del aprendizaje se tuvo en cuenta que respondieran a los objetivos del programa de estudio de la asignatura de Psiquiatría y al perfil de salida del médico integral comunitario, con las nuevas técnicas de la información y la comunicación en integración sistémica desde la Atención Primaria de Salud

A descriptive study was conducted, on the basis of a literature review of curricular, normative and methodological documents of the medical studies in Cuba and in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. It comprised analysis and discussions with psychiatry experts, professors of the national program of formation of the comprehensive community physician (PNFMIC in Spanish) and the advisory group of the National Coordination System of the Cuban medical mission called Barrio Adentro, with the objective of designing the learning resources to be used in the subject. In preparing the learning resources, it was taken into account that they had to respond to the objectives of the curriculum of the subject Psychiatry and to the output profile of the comprehensive community physician, according to the new information and communication techniques in systemic integration from the primary health care

Desempeño docente y su relación con orientación a la meta, estrategias de aprendizaje y autoeficacia: un estudio con maestros de primaria de Lima, Perú / Teacher's performance and its relationship to goal orientation, learning strategies and self-efficacy: a study with elementary school teachers in Lima, Peru

El objetivo fue estudiar la relación existente entre la orientación a la meta, estrategias de aprendizaje, autoeficacia y la percepción del desempeño docente en profesores de Educación Primaria de Lima Metropolitana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 313 maestros de las diferentes UGEL (es) de Lima Metropolitana, de los cuales 224 son del sexo femenino y 89 del sexo masculino. Los instrumentos utilizados en el estudio fueron: el Cuestionario de Orientación a la Meta del Profesor (PALS, 1997, 2000), el Cuestionario Estrategias de Aprendizaje y Metacognitiva (MSQL, 1991), la Escala de Eficacia Percibida de los maestros de Tschannen-Moran y Woolfok (2001) y el Cuestionario de Autorreporte del Desempeño Docente (Fernández, 2002). Los resultados indican la existencia de relación positiva entre las variables estudiadas. Asimismo se identifica la influencia de la variable prácticas de aprendizaje del maestro, sobre el desempeño docente según los niveles de autoeficacia y las estrategias de aprendizaje. Se discuten los resultados en función de los objetivos del estudio.

The objective was to study the relationship between goal orientation,learning strategies, self efficacy and perception of teaching performance inelementary teachers in Metropolitan Lima. The sample consisted of 313teachers from the various UGEL (Lima’s Educative Management Units), 224women and 89 men. The instruments used in the study were: the TeacherOrientation Questionnaire (PALS, 1997, 2000), the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSQL, 1991), the Teacher’s Perceived EfficacyScale by Tschannen-Moran and Woolfolk (2001) and the Teaching Performance Self-Report Questionnaire (Fernández, 2002). The results indicatethe existence of positive relationships among the studied variables. Theresults are discussed according to the goals of the study.

The Importance and Training of Language Learning Strategies in Medical Colleges / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Language learning strategy is one of the most important items in current college English syllabus,yet it hasn't been given enough attention to.Due to the features of medicine,it is of great importance and emergency to carry out language learning strategy training in medical colleges.The aim of this essay is to promote a new English teaching mode of strategy-based instruction.

Thinking for the Reform of Medical English Teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper draws several thoughts on medical English learning.First,although students have the positive learning attitude and definite learning purpose,they are influenced by the conventional learning habit,so when learning,they depend on their teacher.Second,the emphasis of college English reform should be put on the change of the students' learning habit.Third,the teacher should teach the learning strategy to the students.

Analysis of the Causes and Measures to Medical Students'Plateau Phenomenon in English Study / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The causes of "Plateau Phenomenon"in College English learning are analyzed on the basis of the investigation and the study of the Learning Curve.Some solutions to cope with the stagnation are also suggested.It's worth attention that Learning Strategy can be a vital factor to overcome the"Plateau Phenomenon."

'Global Citizenship' Course in Premedical Year Development and Outcome of Manner Program for Future Physicians / 한국의학교육

PURPOSE: This study aims to introduce a one semester 'Global Citizenship' program, being offered as a part of the premedical course at Gachon Medical School. The program was designed to meet the community needs in terms of etiquette and manner education for the future physicians and also to review the outcome of short-term experience. METHODS: The program was offered to M1(premedical students year-1) students from the first semester after entrance to the school with following objectives: to understand the anthropological aspect of culture, to motivate students in relation to medical scientific foundation, and to develop the appropriate human relations, including international etiquette and manners, prior to the subinternship in M5(medical student year-3). RESULTS: The program consisted of 12 sessions of lectures and/or practice-based learning such as etiquette for dormitory life, Korean traditional culture, gender role in the 21st century, dining etiquette in various cultural programs, netiquette(for computer usage), Korean housing and its architectural beauty, etiquette for alcoholic beverage drinking, dressing, and the respect and understanding of other cultures, services and manners. They were all instructed with presentations combined with site-visits or hands-on experience followed by a reflection paper and group discussion. Although the program was costly and time-consuming compared to the traditional theory-based natural science and humanity subjects, students expressed their strong motivation and concerns on their future responsibilities. CONCLUSION: We conclude that "Global Citizenship" course is a useful program to provide a meaningful motivation to the newly enrolled students, Further, it encourages students to understand human relations as a global citizen equipped with the appropriate etiquette and manners.

Teaching and Learning Strategies of PBL / 한국의학교육

PURPOSE: Problem-Based Learning is an effective teaching and learning method enabling the students to achieve problem solving skills, use information effectively, carry productive intelligence, think creatively, learn teamwork and responsibility. Also, students take the initiative of the class and by learning the method of self-directed learning, it will eventually lead to life time education. The purpose of this study was to develop effective teaching and learning strategy of Problem-Based Learning. METHODS: The study is a case study using investigative method and questionnaires, class observation check list, and teachers' evaluation sheets of the students. The subject of this study was 83 students and 19 tutors of Yonsei University College of Medicine. RESULTS: The characteristics of positive module in Problem-Based Learning are; students show good teamwork during the class, students are motivated and find interest in the subject, the data and materials given to the students is very useful in solving the problem. Most important element of Problem-Based Learning interaction is the number of questions asked by the students and the difficulty of the modules has no relation to the interaction of tutors and students. Students heavily rely on using textbooks during their self-regulated learning. And the elements greatly effecting the learning environment are physical environment and the use of humor in class. CONCLUSION: Tutors and students should use the teaching strategy('C-O-I-Q') and the learning strategy('M-R-I-Q') to facilitate the interaction of tutors and students, activate students' discussion and foster class climate.

Research on the English learning strategy of medical students based on computer aided language learning / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper explores how computer-aided language learning affected medical stu-dents’use of English learning strategies.One hundred and twenty eight medical students in Beijing University Health Science Center participated in the one-year experiment.A questionnaire based on cognitive learning strategy was designed.Results showed:①there are significant differences between the experimental group and the controlled group in terms of their independent learning strategy;② the experimental group used more independent learning strategies such as monitoring oneself and team work while the controlled group used rote strategies.

Comparison of Three Learning Strategies in Medical Ethics / 医学教育

We have used narrative approach to supplement the two usual methods of teaching biomedical ethics: the principlebased approach and the casuistic approach. Our experience suggested (1) although the learning of key principles is essential to medical ethics, the casuistic approach can be the more effective strategy than the principle-based approach for learning clinical moral reasoning and (2) that narrative approach can be the most effective learning strategy in humane medicine, especially in relativizing a student's moral views. By combining these three approaches, learning strategies in medical ethics can be refined.

Learning Strategies of Continuing Medical Education for General Practitioners / 医学教育

Continuing medical education for the general practitioners has been activery performed. The former committee for continuing medical education of the Japan Society for Medical Education reported the objectives of continuing medical education for general practitioners. The present committee proposed learning strategies for continuing medical education for general practitioners in accordance with specific behavioral objectives of the curriculum.<BR>It was postulated that appropriate learning strategies are necessary for physicians to provide holistic medical care in their communities, in addition to improving their medical knowledge and skills.<BR>Learning strategies in the curriculum were also coordinated with the continuing medical education system of the Japan Medical Association.