Congenital pulmonary malformations in children in a pediatric hospital in Peru, 2010-2020 / Malformaciones pulmonares congénitas en niños de un hospital pediátrico de Perú, 2010-2020

Abstract Background: Congenital pulmonary malformations (CPMs) are rare in children. This study aimed to describe the clinical, imaging characteristics, and treatment of patients with this pathology. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and retrospective study with data from patients with CPMs diagnosed at Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña (Lima-Peru), from January 2010 to December 2020. We described CPM clinical and imaging characteristics, type and treatment. Results: The sample was formed of 70 patients. The median age was 29 months (range 15 days-14 years) and the male/female ratio was 1.4. The chest tomography found parenchymal involvement in 50 (71.4%) cases and mixed involvement (parenchymal and vascular) in 18 (25.7%) cases. Congenital malformation of the pulmonary airway was present in 39 (55.7%) cases, followed by bronchogenic cyst in 10 (14.3%), intralobar pulmonary sequestration in 9 (12.9%), and extralobar pulmonary sequestration in 7 (10%). Lobectomy was performed in 61 (87.1%) cases, cystectomy in 5 (7.1%), segmentectomy in 2 (2.9%), and embolization in 2 (2.9%). The most frequent post-operative complication was pneumonia, found in 9 (12.9%) cases. The median hospital stay was 26 days. No patient died during hospitalization. Conclusions: In our institution, the most frequent CPM was congenital malformation of the pulmonary airway, and lobectomy was the most frequently performed surgical procedure. CPMs represent a diverse group of disorders of lung development with varied imaging patterns and clinical manifestations.

Resumen Introducción: Las malformaciones pulmonares congénitas son poco frecuentes en niños. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las características clínicas, imagenológicas y tratamiento de los pacientes con esta patología. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo con datos de los pacientes con malformaciones pulmonares congénitas diagnosticados en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña (Lima-Perú) entre enero 2010 y diciembre 2020. Se describieron las características clínicas, imagenológicas, el tipo de malformación pulmonar congénita y el tratamiento. Resultados: La muestra fue de 70 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 29 meses, la relación masculino/femenino fue 1.4. En la tomografía de tórax se encontró compromiso parenquimal en 50 (71.4%) casos, y compromiso mixto (parenquimal y vascular) en 18 (25.7%). La malformación congénita de la vía aérea pulmonar se observó en 39 (55.7%) casos, seguida del quiste broncogénico en 10 (14.3%), secuestro pulmonar intralobar en 9 (12.9%) y secuestro pulmonar extralobar en 7 (10%). La lobectomía fue realizada en 61 (87.1%) casos, la quistectomía en 5 (7.1%), segmentectomía en 2 (2.9%) y embolización en 2 (2.9%). La complicación posquirúrgica más frecuente fue la neumonía en 9 (12.9%) casos. La mediana de estancia hospitalaria fue de 26 días. Ningún paciente falleció durante la hospitalización. Conclusiones: En nuestra institución, la malformación pulmonar congénita más frecuente fue la malformación congénita de la vía aérea pulmonar, y la lobectomía el procedimiento quirúrgico más comúnmente realizado. Las malformaciones pulmonares congénitas representan un grupo diverso de trastornos del desarrollo pulmonar con variados patrones imagenológicos y manifestaciones clínicas.

Correlation between levels of hs-CRP and PCT in serum and alveolar fluid and disease severity in children with lobar pneumonia / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To explore the correlation between levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in serum and alveolar fluid and severity of disease in children with lobar pneumonia. Methods　A total of 112 children diagnosed with lobar pneumonia from September 2020 to September 2021 were selected as the research subjects. The levels of hs-CRP and PCT in serum and alveolar fluid were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The children were divided into severe group (clinical pulmonary infection score, CPIS≥6 points) and mild group (CPIS<6 points) according to the severity of disease, and further classified into good prognosis group (cured, improved) and poor prognosis group (uncured) according to their treatment outcomes. The correlation of levels of hs-CRP and PCT in serum and alveolar fluid with disease severity in children and their predictive value on prognosis were analyzed. Results　The levels of serum hs-CRP and PCT in severe group were (17.73±3.26) μg/L and (8.59±1.84) μg/L, which were significantly higher than corresponding (12.58±3.09) μg/L, and (5.62±1.59) μg/L in mild group (P<0.05); the levels of hs-CRP and PCT in alveolar fluid in severe group were (21.25±4.18) μg/L and (8.71±1.54) μg/L, which were significantly higher than corresponding (13.79±2.76) μg/L and (5.38±1.69) μg/L in mild group (P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and PCT in serum and alveolar fluid were positively correlated with CPIS scores (r=0.398, 0.441; 0.475, 0.586, P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and PCT in serum in poor prognosis group were (20.09±4.20) μg/L and (13.35±2.91) μg/L, which were significantly higher corresponding (8.75±2.19) μg/L and (6.28±1.31) μg/L in good prognosis group (P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and PCT in alveolar fluid were (23.70±4.29) μg/L and (10.73±2.04) μg/L, which were higher than corresponding (15.08±3.56) μg/L and (5.79±1.10) μg/L in poor prognosis group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in AUC between combined detection of serum indicators and combined detection of alveolar perfusion fluid indicators in predicting the prognosis of children with lobar pneumonia (P>0.05). Conclusions　The levels of hs-CRP and PCT in serum and alveolar fluid of children with lobar pneumonia are significantly increased and positively correlated with the severity of disease. However, the predictive value of the combined detection of serum indicators and combined detection of alveolar perfusion fluid indicators for the prognosis of children with lobar pneumonia is comparable.

Clinical characteristics of children with lobar pneumonia and the distribution of pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with lobar pneumonia and the distribution of pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected from these patients, hence providing a scientific basis for their precise diagnosis and treatment. Methods　A total of 115 children diagnosed with lobar pneumonia from August 2019 to August 2022 at Suining Central Hospital were screened as the research subjects. The clinical manifestations and occurrence of complications in the patients were investigated. All the children underwent bronchoalveolar lavage after admission, and BALF samples were collected. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was adopted to detect and analyze the distribution and clinical characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) and other related pathogenic microorganisms in BALF specimens. Results Among the 115 pediatric patients with lobar pneumonia, the occurrence of manifestations or complications including involvement of ≥2 lung lobes, myocardial damage, pleural effusion, abnormal liver function, digestive system involvement, nervous system involvement, rash, renal function impairment, and lung atelectasis were observed in 46, 46, 39, 33, 18, 17, 11, 5, and 4 cases, respectively. The pathogen positivity rate in the BALF samples of the 115 patients was 87.0% (100/115), with 81 cases of single infection and 19 cases of mixed infection. A total of 121 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 83 strains of Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) (accounting for 68.6%) and SP(13.2%). The differences in the detection rates of HI, MP, RSV strains among different age groups were statistically significant (χ2=8.834, 19.454, 10.284, P<0.05), while the differences in the infection rates of SP, KP, CP, and ADV were not statistically significant (χ2=3.393, 2.67, 0.565, 0.097, P>0.05). The MP pneumonia group showed significantly higher incidence of complications such as pleural effusion, nervous system involvement, and abnormal liver function than the non-MP pneumonia group (χ2=3.925, 4.195, and 4.513, P<0.05). The highest pathogen detection rate was in winter, accounting for 33.91%. Conclusions MP is the most common pathogen in BALF of children with lobar pneumonia. There is variation in the pathogen detection rate among different age groups and seasons. Those with combined infections were more prone to complications, which is worthy of attention by clinicians.

Spanish version of the frontotemporal dementia knowledge scale: adaptation and validation / Versión en español de la escala de conocimiento sobre demencia frontotemporal: adaptación y validación

ABSTRACT Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease and is one of the most common causes of dementia in people under 65. There is often a significant diagnostic delay, as FTD can be confused with other psychiatric conditions. A lack of knowledge regarding FTD by health professionals is one possible cause for this diagnostic confusion. Objectives: The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Frontotemporal Dementia Knowledge Scale (FTDKS) in Spanish. Methods: A translation was done, following cross-cultural adaptation guidelines, which consisted of forward translation, blind back translation, and an analysis by a committee of experts. For the present study, 134 professionals from different health areas responded the Spanish version of the FTDKS. The statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.0.0 "Arbor day" and the Psych, sjPlot packages. Results: The Spanish version of the FTDKS had good reliability and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha 0.74.). The sample's mean score was 19.78 (range = 4-32, SD 6.3) out of a maximum of 36 points. Conclusions: The results obtained show that the Spanish version has good psychometric properties. The FTDKS is applicable in our environment and can be a useful tool to evaluate the knowledge of health professionals regarding frontotemporal dementia.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: La demencia frontotemporal (DFT) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa y es una de las causas más comunes de demencia en personas menores de 65 años. A menudo existe un retraso significativo en el diagnóstico, ya que la FTD puede confundirse con otras afecciones psiquiátricas. La falta de conocimientos sobre la DFT por parte de los profesionales de salud es una posible causa de esta confusión diagnóstica. Objetivos: El presente estudio describe nuestros esfuerzos para adaptar y validar la Escala de Conocimiento de la Demencia Frontotemporal (FTDKS) en español. Métodos: Se realizó una traducción, siguiendo las pautas de adaptación transcultural, que consistió en una traducción directa, una traducción inversa ciega y un análisis por parte de un comité de expertos. Para el presente estudio, 134 profesionales de diferentes áreas de la salud respondieron la versión en español del FTDKS. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando la versión 4.0.0 de R "Arbor day" y los paquetes Psych, sjPlot. Resultados: La versión en español del FTDKS tiene una buena fiabilidad y consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach 0,74.). La puntuación media de la muestra fue de 19,78 (rango = 4-32, SD 6,3) sobre un máximo de 36 puntos. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la versión española tiene buenas propiedades psicométricas. El FTDKS es aplicable en nuestro medio y puede ser una herramienta útil para evaluar los conocimientos de los profesionales sanitarios sobre la demencia frontotemporal.

A case report of congenital lobar emphysema

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE), also known as congenital alveolar overdistension, is a developmental anomaly of the lower respiratory tract that is characterized by hyperinflation of one or more of the pulmonary lobes. CLE is a rare congenital malformation with a prevalence of 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 30,000. We are reporting a 4-month-old boy presented with complaints of cough and cold for 3 days with history of similar complaints in the past at age of 1month and 2 months. Investigations revealed hyperlucency of left upper zone with tracheal shift and mild shift of the heart to the right. Elective Left Upper Lung Lobectomy was done and Appropriate supportive therapy given and child recovered well.

Correlato Entre Hallazgos Neurológicos Y Sintomatología Neuropsiquiátrica En La Demencia Frontotemporal De Variante Conductual: Revisión Sistemática / Correlation Between Neurological Findings And Neuropsychiatric Symptoms In Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia: Systematic Review

Resumen Introducción. Dentro de las Demencias Frontotemporales (DFT), la variante conductual (DFTvc) es la de mayor prevalencia, estando asociada a una marcada alteración a nivel de comportamiento y regulación emocional. Objetivo. Describir el correlato neuroanatómico en sujetos con DFTvc y las características clínicas neuropsiquiátricas descritas en ellos. Metodología. Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de artículos publicados entre 2013 y 2018, en relación a la DFTvc, en bases de datos en inglés y español que cumplieran con los criterios de inclusión definidos. Resultados. La DFTvc se asocia a una hipofunción en las zonas de la corteza prefrontal, corteza cingulada, entre otros. La apatía y desinhibición son la principal sintomatología de estudio. Conclusiones. Existe una falta de artículos actualizados que describan las características neuropsiquiátricas junto a su descripción imagenológica en esta población que favorezcan el desarrollo de avances médicos y no médicos de abordaje.

Introduction. Within Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), Behavioral variant (BvFTD) is the most prevalent, is associated with a marked alteration in behavior and emotional regulation. Objective. Describes the neuroanatomical correlate in subjects with BvFTD and the neuropsychiatric clinical characteristics described in them. Methodology. A systematic review of articles published between 2013 and 2018 has been carried out, in relation to the BvFTD, in databases in english and spanish that meet the inclusion criteria. Results. The BvFTD is associated with a hypofunction in the areas of the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex and others. Apathy and disinhibition are the main symptomatology of study. Conclusions. There is a lack of updated articles that describe neuropsychiatric characteristics along with their imaging description in this population that favors the development of medical and non-medical approaches.

Olfactory impairment in frontotemporal dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Alterações olfatórias em Demência Frontotemporal: Revisão sistemática e meta-análise

ABSTRACT. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) presents clinically in three variants: one behavioral and two with progressive primary aphasia - non-fluent/agrammatic and semantic. Defined by the degenerative process and cerebral atrophy, olfactory dysfunction occurs in up to 96% of previous FTD case series. Objective: the present study aims to critically synthesize data about the relationship between FTD and olfactory impairment to analyze the usefulness of olfactory evaluation tests as a complementary element in early diagnosis. Methods: a database search was performed using the keywords "olfactory OR smell OR olfaction AND frontotemporal dementia". We included studies that evaluated olfactory function in patients diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia, all subtypes, compared with age-matched healthy controls. For comparative purposes, the effect size was calculated using Cohen's D. The studies selected were categorized according to dementia variant and olfactory test type. A meta-analysis was performed using forest plots - homogeneity was evaluated by statistical tests (i2 and Cochran Q). Results: ten articles met the inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity was classified as low for semantic dementia olfactory identification and behavioral variant olfactory discrimination groups (i2 = 0 and 3.4%, respectively) and as moderate for the behavioral variant olfactory identification group (i2 = 32.6%). Conclusion: patients with the frontotemporal dementia behavioral variant seem to present with alterations in odor identification, but with preserved discrimination. Scent identification also seems to be impaired in semantic dementia. Therefore, we conclude that olfactory evaluation in these patients is possibly impacted by cognitive alterations and not by sensory deficits. Application of olfactory tests may prove important in differentiating prodromal states from other types of dementia with more pronounced olfactory impairment.

RESUMO. A demência frontotemporal apresenta-se clinicamente em três variantes: uma comportamental e duas com afasia progressiva primária - não fluente/agramática e semântica. Definida pelo processo degenerativo e atrofia cerebral, apresenta uma prevalência de disfunção olfatória de até 96% em séries anteriores. Objetivo: o presente estudo objetiva sintetizar criticamente dados sobre a relação entre DFT e o comprometimento olfatório para analisar a utilidade dos testes de avaliação olfatória como elemento complementar no diagnóstico precoce. Métodos: uma pesquisa de banco de dados foi realizada usando as palavras-chave "olfactory OR smell OR olfaction AND frontotemporal dementia". Foram incluídos estudos que avaliaram a função olfatória em pacientes com diagnóstico de demência frontotemporal, todos os subtipos, em comparação com controles saudáveis ​​pareados por idade. Para fins de comparação, o tamanho do efeito foi calculado usando D de Cohen. Os estudos selecionados foram separados por variante de demência e tipo de teste olfativo. Uma meta-análise foi realizada utilizando gráficos floresta - sua homogeneidade foi avaliada por testes estatísticos (i2 e Cochran Q). Resultados: dez artigos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. A heterogeneidade foi classificada como baixa para os grupos de identificação olfatória em demência semântica e discriminação olfatória em variante comportamental (i2 = 0 e 3.4%, respectivamente) e moderada para identificação olfatória no grupo de variante comportamental (i2 = 32.6%). Conclusão: pacientes com variante comportamental de demência frontotemporal parecem apresentar alterações na identificação de odores, com discriminação preservada. A identificação de odores parece estar prejudicada, também, na demência semântica. Desta forma, concluímos que a avaliação olfatória nesses pacientes é possivelmente impactada por alterações cognitivas e não por déficits sensoriais propriamente. A aplicação de testes olfatórios pode ser importante na diferenciação de estados prodrômicos de outros tipos de demência com comprometimento olfatório mais pronunciado.

Congenital lobar emphysema: a rare cause of respiratory distress in a neonate

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a congenital condition characterized by distension and air trapping of the affected lobe of the lung. It is one of the causes of infantile respiratory distress, which may require surgical resection of affected lobe. Case characteristics: 3-day-old neonate with ventilation refractory respiratory distress. Imaging was suggestive of decreased lung tissue on the right side with ipsilateral mediastinal shift. Intervention/ outcome: Early surgical lobectomy was done to improve lung functions and the child improved dur to early intervention. Message: An early diagnosis with high index of suspicion helps patients with this rare congenital anomaly. Early intervention is the key to good long-term outcome. More awareness about the entity and treatment options available would greatly help improving the outcome and disease burden.

An Autopsy Confirmed Case of Semantic Variant Primary Progressive Aphasia with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration-TDP type C

A 62-year-old man presented with a one-year history of word finding difficulty, impaired single word comprehension and personality changes including aggression, apathy and eating change. Brain MRIs showed severe atrophy in the left anterior temporal lobe. The clinical syndromic diagnosis was semantic variant primary progressive aphasia. He died at age 70 of pneumonia. At autopsy, transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP) immunoreactive long dystrophic neurites were predominantly found in the cerebral cortices, which were compatible with frontotemporal lobar degeneration-TDP type C pathology.

Comparison of effects on stroke volume variation during ventilation with selective lobar collapse and one-lung ventilation / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects on Stroke Volume Variation (SVV) during ventilation with selective lobar collapse (SLC) and one-lung ventilation (OLV) in thoracoscopic operation. Methods 60 patients scheduled for thoracoscopic operation to treat lower thoracic esophageal cancer or cardial carcinoma were randomly assigned into two groups: patients in one lung ventilation (OLV) group received right lung ventilation and left lung collapses, patients in selective lobar collapse (SLC) group received right lung and superior lobe of left lung ventilation by the use of endobronchial blocker. The intraoperative blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (PETCO2) were maintained in normal range. Record SVV, cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the heart rate (HR), cardiac index (CI) at four time points: 10 min after two lung ventilation in supine position (T1), 10 min after two lung ventilation in lateral position (T2), OLV or SLC for 10 min after the pleura was opened (T3), two lung ventilation for 10 min before the pleura was closed (T4). Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Comparison between groups: There was no significant difference between the patients in OLV group and SLC group, including HR, SBP, DBP, CO, CI, SV and SVV (P > 0.05). Comparison in the group: SBP and DBP in OLV group and SLC group were significantly higher than T1at T3(P < 0.05). The SVV of OLV group and SLC group was significantly reduced at T3and T4(P < 0.05). Conclusion There was no significant difference in SVV monitoring of Vigileo monitoring with OLV and SLC in thoracoscopic operation. SVV can be used to monitor blood volume state during ventilation by SLC.

Clinical analysis of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of hypertensive lobar cerebral hemorrhage / 天津医药

Objective To explore the clinical value and effect of neuronavigation-assisted neuroendoscopy for hypertensive lobar cerebral hemorrhage. Methods Clinical data of 35 cases treated with the neuroendoscopy (neuroendoscopy group) and 32 cases treated with the neuronavigation-assisted microscope (microscope group) were retrospectively analyzed. Data of the operative time, intraoperative blood loss and the clearance rate of hematoma, the postoperative complications (stress gastric ulcer, pulmonary infection, urinary tract infection and intracranial infection), the hospital stay, postoperative ability of daily life (ADL) in 6 months and fatality rates were observed and compared. Results The operative time and intraoperative blood loss were less in the neuroendoscopy group than those in the microscopy group, and the clearance rate of hematoma was higher in neuroendoscopy group than that in the microscopy group (P＜0.01). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups (P＞0.05). The hospital stay was less in the neuroendoscopy group than that of the microscope group (P＜0.01). On the basis of ADL grading method, the prognosis of the endoscopy group was better than that of the craniotomy group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the fatality rate between the neuroendoscopy group and the microscopy group (P＞0.05). Conclusion The neuronavigation-assisted neuroendoscopy is a safe and effective surgical method for hypertensive lobar cerebral hemorrhage, and which can improve the prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Clinical Efficacy of Different Doses of Methylprednisolone Combined with Azithromycin in the Treatment of Severe Pulmonary Lobar Degeneration in Children with MP / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effect of different doses of methylprednisolone combined with azithromycin in the treatment of severe pulmonary lobar degeneration in children with MPP. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-eight children with severe MPP of pulmonary lobar degeneration were randomly divided into the low dose group and the high dose group with 64 cases in each group. The children of two groups were given azithromycin. On this basis, the children of low dose group were given conventional doses of methylprednisolone, the children of high dose group were given high-dose methylprednisolone. The clinical efficacy, immune function, inflammatory indexes and adverse reaction were compared.RESULTS: Compared with the low dose group, the disappearance time of cough, expectoration, wheezing and fever in the observation group was significantly shorter, the effective rate of the high dose group was significantly higher,the incidence of respiratory sequelae was significantly higher, the IL-2, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-α, IFN-γ in the observation group were significantly better (P0.05). CONCLUSION: Large dose of methylprednisolone combined with azithromycin can relieve the clinical symptoms of severe MPP in children with lobar degeneration. It also can promote the rehabilitation of the disease, effectively inhibit the inflammatory response of children and long-term sequelae, has the exact application value.

The First Living-Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation in Korea: a Case Report

Lung transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage lung disease, but the problem of donor shortage is unresolved issue. Herein, we report the first case of living-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) in Korea. A 19-year-old woman patient with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension received her father's right lower lobe and her mother's left lower lobe after pneumonectomy of both lungs in 2017. The patient has recovered well and is enjoying normal social activity. We think that LDLLT could be an alternative approach to deceased donor lung transplantation to overcome the shortage of lung donors.

Neural structural imaging in the assessment of cognitive impairment / 医学研究生学报

As our country steps into the aging society gradually, the number of cognitive impairments and the prevalence rate are increasing yearly. The family and society bear a heavy burden. It is more important to explore the more direct and Objective morphological changes of cognitive impairment through neural structural imaging , which is better for early diagnosis, intervention and delay or even prevent its progress. Here we present a review of this topic focusing on neural structural imaging in the assessment of cognitive impairment.

Clinical Effect and Safety Study of Modified Qing-Fei-Jie-Du Decoction on Lobar Pneumonia in 60 Cases of Children / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to investigate the clinical effect and safety of Qing-Fei Jie-Du (QFJD) decoction on treating lobar pneumonia in children.Ninety cases of children diagnosed with lobar pneumonia in hospital were selected by double-centre,random and control method.Cases were divided into the test group (60 cases) and the control group (30 cases.The ratio between the test group and the control group was 2∶1.It can fully demonstrate the effect of the test group without any influence on the statistical analysis).Children of the control group were given conventional medicine with placebo,while children of the test group were given conventional medicine with modified QFJD decoction.The treatment course was 2 weeks.The clinical symptoms including fever,cough,lung rale,lung image (X-ray or CT scan),laboratorial index and safety were compared between two groups.The results showed that the recovery rate of the test group was 81.7％;and the recovery rate of the control group was 66.7％.The difference between them was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The comparison of safety between two groups indicated that the treatment of the test group was safer than control group with statistical difference (P＜0.05).It was concluded that modified QFJD decoction had a significant clinical effect and was very safe in the treatment of children with lobar pneumonia.

Effect and prognosis of treatment of lobar pneumonia with latamoxet / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of cefradine on lobar pneumonia and its influence on the prognosis of patients with lobar pneumonia. Methods 90 cases of lobar pneumonia patients from December 2015 to May 2017 were randomly divided into the study group and the control group, with 45 cases in each group. The study group was treated with latamoxef on the basis of routine treatment, the control group was treated with cefoperazone on the basis of routine treatment ,recorded in two groups after 2 weeks of treatment. The clinical efficacy,drug related adverse reactions occur of the two groups were recorded after two weeks of treatment. Results The total effective rate in the study group(93.33%) was significantly higher than that of the control group(73.33%)(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of drug-related adverse reactions between the two groups during the treatment period. Conclusion The application of latamoxet in the treatment of lobar pneumonia can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients, and is conducive to the protection of their prognosis and quality of life.

Etiological analysis of lobar pneumonia in hospitalized children in Suzhou area from 2006 to 2015 / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To study the characteristics of etiology of lobar pneumonia in hospitalized children.Methods Medical history and sputum specimens were collected from 1 179 hospitalized children with lobar pneumonia from January 2006 to December 2015.Multiple pathogenic joint detection combined with the history data were used for analysis.Seven kinds of common respiratory virus were detected by direct immunofluorescence.Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) and human Bocavirus (hBoV) were detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Human Rhinovirus (HRV) and human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) were detected by reverse transcription PCR.Aspirates were cultured for bacteria.MP specific antibody IgG and IgM were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Positive rates of each group were compared by χ2 test or Fisher exact test.Results Total etiology detection rate of lobar pneumonia in hospitalized children was 83.9% (989/1 179).The etiology detection rate of MP, virus, bacteria and streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) were 74.0%, 14.2%, 18.3% and 12.2%, respectively.The virus detection rate in 1-3 years old group was the highest, and that in ≥6 years old group was lower than other group (χ2=70.095, P0.05).The MP detection rate was above 70% in every season.The detection rates of SP and hBoV were basically the same in every season.The detection rate of HI was higher in spring, Pinf 3 and SA were higher in summer, HRV was higher in autumn, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and moraxella catarrhalis (MC) were higher in winter.Conclusions Lobar pneumonia occurs more common in elder children.MP is the major pathogen of lobar pneumonia, and SP is the second.The MP detection rate increases with age.The pathogen detection rate varies with age, but the effect of seasonal factor is not obvious on pathogen detection in lobar pneumonia.

Effect and prognosis of treatment of lobar pneumonia with latamoxet / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of cefradine on lobar pneumonia and its influence on the prognosis of patients with lobar pneumonia. Methods 90 cases of lobar pneumonia patients from December 2015 to May 2017 were randomly divided into the study group and the control group, with 45 cases in each group. The study group was treated with latamoxef on the basis of routine treatment, the control group was treated with cefoperazone on the basis of routine treatment ,recorded in two groups after 2 weeks of treatment. The clinical efficacy,drug related adverse reactions occur of the two groups were recorded after two weeks of treatment. Results The total effective rate in the study group(93.33%) was significantly higher than that of the control group(73.33%)(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of drug-related adverse reactions between the two groups during the treatment period. Conclusion The application of latamoxet in the treatment of lobar pneumonia can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients, and is conducive to the protection of their prognosis and quality of life.

Prognosis of Patients with Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Who have Focal Versus Diffuse Frontal Atrophy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Only a few studies have investigated the relationship between different subtypes and disease progression or prognosis in patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Since a localized injury often produces more focal signs than a diffuse injury, we hypothesized that the clinical characteristics differ between patients with bvFTD who show diffuse frontal lobe atrophy (D-type) on axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans versus those with focal or circumscribed frontal lobe atrophy (F-type). METHODS: In total, 94 MRI scans (74 scans from bvFTD and 20 scans from age-matched normal controls) were classified into 35 D- and 39 F-type bvFTD cases based on an axial MRI visual rating scale. We compared baseline clinical characteristics, progression in motor and cognitive symptoms, and survival times between D- and F-types. Survival analyses were performed for 62 of the 74 patients. RESULTS: While D-type performed better on neuropsychological tests than F-type at baseline, D-type had higher baseline scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part III. Evaluations of motor progression showed that the disease duration with motor symptoms was shorter in D-type than F-type. Moreover, the survival time was shorter in D-type (6.9 years) than F-type (9.4 years). Cox regression analyses revealed that a high UPDRS Part III score at baseline contributed to an increased risk of mortality, regardless of the pattern of atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis is worse for D-type than for those with F-type. Shorter survival in D-type may be associated with the earlier appearance of motor symptoms.

Selective lobar blockade in minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting: A technical advantage in patients with low respiratory reserve that precludes one‑lung ventilation.

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery/coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) is performed through a small 2 inch left thoracotomy incision. Lung isolation is must during MICS CABG. Oxygenation with one‑lung ventilation can be difficult, especially during supine position. We report a case of a 53‑year‑old male patient who underwent MICS CABG with the selective lobar blockade.