ABSTRACT
Background: Anaemia is not very uncommon in diabetics. Chronic hyperglycemia in uncontrolled diabetes is related to higher incidence of anaemia which goes unrecognized prior to the development of chronic renal failure. This study was conducted to know the prevalence of Anaemia in persons with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, in relation to glycemic control using HbA1c as a tool to it. Methods: 60 Diabetic subjects were divided into two groups of 30 each based on their glycemic control(group A, with poor glycemic control and group B with good glycemic control taking 7% Hba1c as cut off value),incidence of anaemia was measured and compared among them and also with 30 age and sex matched healthy non Diabetic controls. Results: Incidence of anaemia was found to be significantly higher in diabetics group as compared to non-diabetics and among diabetics it was significantly higher in uncontrolled group as compared to group with controlled diabetes. Conclusions: Anaemia is not an uncommon finding among Type II diabetics and further good glycemic control in diabetes is associated with a better haemoglobin levels, hence it is desirable to evaluate the haemoglobin level often to monitor for micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes even when the renal parameters are normal.
ABSTRACT
Objective This study aimed to investigate the associations between adipose tissue distribution and risks of macro-vascular complications in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods The study included T2DM patients either previously diagnosed by questionnaire or newly diagnosed with fasting plasma glucose(FPG)≥7. 0 mmol/L and/or 2 hour postprandial glucose ( 2h PG )≥11. 1 mmol/L from residents older than 40 years from Jiading Community, Shanghai, China(n=10 375). Each participant had gone through anthropometric measurements, blood tests, vascular function tests including carotid intima-media thickness ( CIMT ) , ankle-brachial index ( ABI ) , branchial-ankle pulse wave velocity( baPWV) as well as carotid plaques. Results WHR quartiles was significantly associated with high risks for ten-year cardiovascular disease risks [ ASCVD high risk: OR:1. 17 ( 1. 05-1. 31 );Framingham high risk:1. 13(1. 00-1. 29)]. However, WHR has no significant relations with risks of increased carotid intima-media thickness( CIMT) , abnormal ankle-brachial index( ABI) , increased brachial ankle pulse wave velocity( baPWV) or carotid plaques. Conclusions In type 2 diabetic patients, abdominal adipose tissue has an independent role in high risk for ten-year cardiovascular diseases. However it has no relations with other vascular functions including increased CIMT, abnormal ABI, increased baPWV, or carotid plaque.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes is a major global health problem. Vascular complications of diabetes include both macro-vascular and micro-vascular pathologies. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) is an indicator of average size and activity of platelets. Platelet hyper-reactivity is a characteristic feature of diabetes and it plays a pivotal role in its overall prothrombotic state. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on 88 cases of type 2 diabetic patients presented to Yangon General Hospital and New Yangon General Hospital during 2013. Glycemic control was detected by HbA1C and MPV was measured. The subjects were interviewed and assessed for family history of diabetes, duration of diabetes, body mass index and presence of macro-vascular complications. Among the 88 patients in the study, majority of them were in the 60 - 69 years age group. Mean age was 64 years. Sex distribution was equal among the selected 88 patients. Macro-vascular complications such as cerebrovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease and peripheral vascular disease were found in 28.4%, 55.68% and 19.32% respectively. Mean MPV was 8.45 fl and it had a significant association with HbA1C (p = 0.0367). However, no signifi cant association was found between MPV and the presence of macro-vascular complications (p = 0.462).
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Microvascular Angina , Mean Platelet VolumeABSTRACT
Background: Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disorder that is strongly associated with insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This study was designed to determine the prevalence of NAFLD among T2DM patients and to evaluate whether there is an association between NAFLD and diabetic micro-and macro vascular complications. Methods: In a cross-sectional design study, 120 type 2 diabetic patients were submitted to a complete clinical and laboratory evaluation and abdominal ultrasonography for NAFLD detection and grading. They were divided into fatty liver group and non-fatty liver group and various laboratory and clinical variables were compared in these two groups. Statistical analysis included bivariate tests, chi square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Out of 120 type 2 diabetic patients, 68 (56.66%) had fatty liver on ultrasonography. An increase in the waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and levels of HBA1c, AST, ALT, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and a decrease in HDL was observed in the fatty liver group as compared to non-fatty liver group. NAFLD group had higher prevalence of retinopathy (67.67% vs. 17.30%, P <0.001), neuropathy (52.94% vs. 19.23%, P = 0.0002), nephropathy (83.82% vs.53.84%, P = 0.0003). The prevalence of CAD (70.58% vs. 21.11%, P <0.0001) and POVD (10.25% vs. 0%, P <0.05) was higher in NAFLD patients. All patients with severe fibrosis had raised BMI, HbA1c and hypertension. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that NAFLD was associated with BMI, HbA1c, Triglyceride and CAD. Univariate analysis showed significant association between retinopathy, neuropathy, CAD, POVD and NAFLD. Conclusion: Cognitive. The prevalence of NAFLD is higher in type 2 diabetic patients. Obesity, dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, elevated liver enzymes and coronary artery disease are seen to be significantly associated with fatty liver than non-fatty liver type 2 diabetic patients.