Evaluation of Comprehensive Management Protocol for Reduction of the Risk of Fragility Fractures Among Osteoporosis Individuals, Visiting Teaching Hospital, Kolkata

@#Introduction: Fragility fracture from osteoporosis is a major challenging health problem in aging population in developing countries. In order to reduce the risk of development of osteoporotic fragility fractures authors made a study with high risk individuals, divided into two groups and a comprehensive management protocol had been offered in one group where as conventional management protocol had been offered in other to see the efficacy of such comprehensive management protocol to reduce the risk of occurring fragility fracture over at least three months period among the patients, attended in orthopaedic out patient department of state medical college, West Bengal. Methods: The authors selected 30 diagnosed osteoporosis clients of 50 to 90 years age as per inclusion and exclusion criteria, who attended in orthopaedic OPD in SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India from 2021April to July2021, carrying highest risk factors of developing osteoporosis. Results: In experimental group, mean post test BMD score is higher than the mean pre test BMD, which is statistically significant as calculated t value is 3.666 at 14 df at 0.05 (p<0.05) level of significances. It indicates that comprehensive management protocol is effective to increase the bone strength. Conclusion: The study of comparison of mean difference values of two groups conclude that comprehensive management protocol can reduce the risk of osteoporotic fracture much efficiently in compared to standard pharmaceutical treatment in a short span of time which is applicable for long term management of osteoporosis.

Implementing healthcare professionals' training during COVID-19: a pre and post-test design for simulation training

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has imposed a new reality that presents several challenges for healthcare professionals. The main challenge has been the lack of proper training in relation to an unknown disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate healthcare professionals' acquisition of knowledge of a new airway management protocol for COVID-19 through their participation in simulation training. DESIGN AND SETTING: Pre and post-test study with purpose sampling, carried out in a tertiary-level hospital in the city of Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional pre and post-test intervention among healthcare professionals working in the intensive care unit and emergency department of a large hospital. The training was carried out using an in situ simulation scenario and the participants answered pre and post-tests consisting of a 20-item questionnaire about the new protocol. RESULTS: The paired-sample t test demonstrated that there was a significant increase in test score (t = −19.06; P < 0.001), from before the training (M = 8.62; standard deviation, SD = 3.53) to after the simulation training (M = 17.02; SD = 1.76). CONCLUSIONS: The simulated training had a positive impact on the healthcare professionals' acquisition of the COVID-19 protocol. We also demonstrated that in situ simulation training was an efficient tool for implementing new protocols, thus bringing benefits to healthcare systems, professionals and patients.

Oral leukoplakia: Management protocol for primary health-care providers and family physicians

Oral cancer is very common in India. Most of the oral cancers develop on a potentially malignant (precancerous) lesion. Leukoplakia is the most common precancerous lesion in the oral cavity. The malignant transformation rate of oral leukoplakia is very high. There is no marker to distinguish those lesions that may transform to frank cancer from those that may not. Thus, early identification of oral leukoplakia and its proper treatment is important for best prognosis. This article highlights on the diagnosis and treatment protocol for oral leukoplakia.

A 6 months retrospective observational study to assess the rationality and effectiveness of snake bite management in a tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Bengal, India

Background: Snake envenomation is a common life-threatening problem encountered all-over West Bengal particularly in the rural areas. There are a large number of patients attending the Emergency unit and being admitted to the Medicine ward, some in the intensive care unit (ICU) and intensive therapy unit (ITU) of the tertiary health care facilities. The objective of this study was to assess rationality and effectiveness of management of venomous snake bite following standard protocol – Standard treatment guidelines of Government of West Bengal and National snakebite management protocol of Government of India.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of six months (May - October 2017) duration. Data were collected from the treatment records of patients admitted with history of snake bite in the Medicine ward, ICU and ITU of tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Bengal.Results: Of the 63 venomous bite patients, most (82.5 %) were diagnosed to have features of neurotoxic envenomation. All of them (100%) received anti-snake venom (ASV). There was no incidence of anaphylactic reaction as well as any serious adverse drug reaction following ASV administration. Two patients developed acute renal failure, needed haemodialysis. Overall percentage of mortality was 3.2%.Conclusions: The survival rate in venomous snake bite is found to be high in this institution. The practice of snake bite management is found to be adherent with standard protocol. A multicentric study of longer duration is suggested to draw a firm conclusion.

Atresia de esófago: experiencia en el Hospital del Niño: La Paz: Bolivia / Atresia of esophagus: experience in the hospital of children: La Paz: Bolivia

Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y demográficas de los pacientes con Atresia de esófago y establecer las principales condiciones asociadas a un resultado final favorable a través de la comparación entre un enfoque quirúrgico inicial de emergencia y el actual referido como electivo. Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo con una serie de casos de neonatos internados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital del Niño "Dr. Ovidio Aliaga Uria" durante el periodo de Enero 2000 y Diciembre de 2004 con el diagnóstico de AE. simultaneamente evaluamos el impacto del manejo protocolizado sobre la mortalidad en los últimos años. Resultados. 19 expedientes clínicos de pacientes con AE fueron evaluados. El peso promedio de los pacientes fue de 2671 g y la edad gestacional media de 37 semanas. Las condiciones de traslado fueron muy deficientes. Los datos clínicos más llamativos fueron dificultad respiratoria (84.2 por ciento), intolerancia a los alimentos (78.9 por ciento), salivación excesiva (73.7 por ciento) y cianosis (52.6 por ciento). 16 de los casos correspondían a AE tipo 3 (84 por ciento). 63 por ciento presentó una o mas malformaciones congénitas asociadas siendo la más frecuente la cardiopatía congenita (41 por ciento). El manejo protocolizado redujo la mortalidad de 72.7 por ciento a 25 por ciento. Conclusión. La reparación quirúrgica de la atresia de esófago es urgente, sin embargo no una emergencia. El manejo bajo un protocolo detallado es útil para evitar complicaciones y disminuir la mortalidad. Se debe mejorar las condiciones de traslado y el diagnóstico prenatal de esta condición.

Background:Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare condition with high mortality and morbidity rates. AIM: To determine clinical and demographic features of patients with EA and to establish the main conditions associated with a good final out come through comparative analysis between urgent surgical approach and elective and programmed surgical approach. METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with EA admitted to PICU during January 2000 and December 2004at the Children’s Hospital “Dr Ovidio Aliaga U.” Simultaneously, wee valuated the impact of a new management guideline on survival rate during the last two years. RESULTS Nineteen patients were evaluated (n=19). Mean birth weight was 2671g and the average gestational age was 37wk. Referral conditions were inappropriate in many cases. Main signs and symptoms were respiratory distress (84.2%), food intolerance (78.9%), excessive salivation (73.7%) and cyanosis (52.6%). 84% of cases wereEA with tracheo-esophageal fistula. Other associated congenital malformations were observed in 63% of patients and congenital heart disease was the most common finding (41%). The new guideline for management reduced mortality rate from 72.7% to 25% ...